Washington D.C., United States of America
July 27, 1896
"That idiot! That moron! How daft can one man possibly be?" asked an enraged President Grover Cleveland, who had on this day decided to get his news from the Washington Post. The headline screamed news of what everyone knew was coming, but Cleveland, in particular, had feared. VENEZUELA DECLARES WAR ON UNITED KINGDOM! The idiot, as Cleveland called him, responsible, was none other than Joaquín Crespo, President of the nation of Venezuela. Cleveland had always found the man to be a braggart and a bluffer, even humorously so, yet Cleveland wasn’t laughing now.
The article itself was fairly well-written. "President Joaquín Crespo, in a speech to the City of Caracas yesterday, announced that ‘A state of war shall now exist between the Republic of Venezuela, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. This is in response to years of taking advantage of our love of peace, and thus, disregarding our demands to evacuate what they claim is part of their territory of Guyana, east of the Essequibo River. However, even that is secondary. The primary reason is the violation of our border with armed soldiers. I speak, of course, of the Kaikan Incident. This was no mistake, my citizens. Venezuelan Intelligence tells us the British were preparing for nothing short of a full, armed invasion of Venezuela. Luckily, their advance forces were defeated by the brave men on patrol in our rightful territory. They fought valiantly, and because of that, the invasion was postponed. Yet it can not be put off anymore. Venezuela will not be safe, until we reduce the British presence in the region to a level of near insignificance. Such can only be accomplished by war. Thus, we are entering into armed conflict, in order to hit them before they can hit us. I expect every man over age...’" It went on in a much-expected fashion. Once the excerpt of the speech was done, the other parts were summarized, but analysis was left to the reader. "Later on in the speech, Crespo stated that he expected the other nations of the region to line up behind him, as it would take, in his words, ‘a fool to not realize the significance of this encroachment’." That was a clear shot at America.
The problem was that he was correct. Cleveland didn’t believe for a second that the British were planning to do anything to Venezuela, nor did he think that the Intelligence of Venezuela could be so incompetent as to conclude that. The problem was, he was correct in the sense that the land in question belonged to Venezuela, and even if the border dispute wasn’t worth a war, a border crossing (or several, as this wasn’t the only one), accompanied by the killing of a number of Venezuelan soldiers was a good enough reason, at least in theory. It was enough to animate the public of that nation, although the public very rarely, in any nation, knew what was best for it, or such was the opinion of Cleveland.
And that brought him to the last part of the issue, which was the role of the United States. In truth, it had no place in the dispute, yet in practice as well as in doctrine, America had no choice. The Monroe Doctrine forbade the re- colonization of the "New World" by European Powers . Not. One. Inch. If the British gained what they sought, they would be gaining many miles of territory, which fell, in American eyes, under the jurisdiction of "re-colonization". Thus, the United States had argued with Britain for years, yet neither side had been willing to budge. After all that it had invested in the matter, the United States would be viewed as a coward and a deserter the world-round.
Of course, the news was far from unexpected. Cleveland had been in correspondence with Crespo for the past week or so, and the topic of war was the central issue. Cleveland had promised support, if begrudgingly. The fact of the matter was, neither he, nor most Americans, nor, probably, most Britons, wanted war. But he would stand by his commitments, and so would America.
On that point, he was already in his Presidential Buggy, heading towards Washington Plaza where he was scheduled to speak. He had thought long and hard about what he was to say, as it was certainly to affect the world. While he waited for the vehicle to pull up to his stop, he conversed with the Vice President sitting beside him, the uncomfortably stuffy, angry-looking, Adlai E. Stevenson. Each already knew how the other felt on the issue of the war (they were in agreement). Instead, they discussed the Presidential Election coming up later that year.
"The fact of the matter is, Adlai, we can not afford a change to bimetallism, for that would bring about economic disaster. Besides, a change in what will almost certainly still be a state of war would be most unwise."
"Bimetallism can only bring prosperity, Cleveland," he defied, calling his superior and partner by his surname. "Bah, there is no getting to you!"
"I could say the same of you." It was unusual for them to disagree, but this was one matter that provoked great passion.
"It is obvious that we aren’t going to settle this today, so let’s stop beating around the bush, and get to the central issue; the war."
"I couldn’t agree more." They had gone over the plans again and again, yet America was about to hear them for the first time. For a while, they discussed it (again), and then the silence set in again. That was just fine with Cleveland, who had a hard time not laughing at the speech of Stevenson, for it was so muffled by his mustache and his lisp, that it was nearly incoherent. Cleveland spent the rest of the ride taking in the sights.
Eventually, after roughly 20 minutes in the buggy, the VIP’s arrived at their appointed destination. While waiting for the driver to run around and open his door, the President placed his top hat upon his head, fastened the buttons on his Norfolk jacket, and took a deep breath. The door swung open, Cleveland rotated his legs and his body, and stepped out into the world.
He took his seat near the podium, and listened to his perfunctory introduction. Then he walked to the podium, and shuffled through his papers. Grover Cleveland took another deep breath, as he always did before he spoke, and took a good look at the audience. It was full of reporters and some concerned citizens. He began.
"Citizens of Washington D.C., citizens of the world, heed my words. You may have heard that the world’s newest conflict has erupted. You may have heard that Britain launched an invasion of Venezuela. You may have heard that a general mobilization has begun. Well, my fellow Americans, all of these things are true."
"Just two days ago, our brave ally, President Crespo of Venezuela, said in a speech that a state of war was to exist between Venezuela and the United Kingdom. This may seem, to some of you, who do not know the situation, like an act of belligerence, but I assure you, the belligerence was completely the fault of the British. For they are the ones who launched an attack on Venezuela, one that was just barely stopped in time by the brave soldiers of the region.
However, the threat has not yet passed, and the Venezuelan people can not live in fear of the day when the attack shall come in full force. It is our responsibility as the champion of liberty, democracy, and the rights of sovereign states, to stand up for Venezuela, even when it can not do so for itself.
"We are fortunate enough, however, to have an ally with such a courageous leader and populace, for they are willing to try to stand up for themselves, even with no guarantee of support from anyone. Yet they will not need to stand alone against the tyranny of the British Empire, for they have an ally in the form of America." That brought about the noise of furious scribbling on the part of the reporters.
"Thus, if Britain will not yield, neither shall we. I have already consulted Congress, and they have approved of the desired actions. As of today, a state of war shall exist between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland."
"May God give us strength, the strength to see this conflict through until the end, the strength to strike fear into the hearts of our foes, the strength that will show Britain, that the Americas are no longer their stomping grounds. For their own sake, let us hope they see the error of their ways soon, and repent. The Americas, are for America."
He took a long pause between that and his next paragraph, allowing the crowd time for applause. He then set about underlining the war plans. "I have gone through intense deliberations with Secretary of War, Daniel Lamont," he pointed to the official in question, "and we, as well as the top generals, have come to an agreement regarding general strategy."
He gave some hints of objectives (the "adjustment" of the border between Venezuela and Guyana being the main one) , but he would have been a fool to give away general strategy. What it came down to was as follows: the United States would send an expedition to assist the Venezuelans in taking their rightful territories in Guyana. That was it. The US Navy would seek out and destroy the British Royal Navy wherever and whenever it could, yet beyond that, there was little. Most of the Generals had suggested– nay, demanded– an invasion of Canada, indeed of all British territories within reach. When he refused to allow it, they ventured to insult him and say he understood nothing of war. While that was probably true, they understood nothing of politics. He sought to contain what he had just helped create. There was no enmity between the peoples of America and those of Canada. Why should there be? A sort of gentlemen’s agreement between him and the new Prime Minister of Canada, Wilfrid Laurier, had ensured that no violence would occur along their borders. His goal now was to spare as many American lives as he could. If a few generals disagreed with him, what did he care?
He wasn’t sure what he would tell the people of America. He hoped the war lasted a short while, for in that time, he could convince them that the military was preparing. Yet if it lasted too long, which would be a problem in its own right, they wouldn’t be inclined to believe such lies anymore. That left the Navy. He would have to draft a lot of letters in the next few hours. As soon as he returned to the White House, he began.
The first was to Frederick McNair, leader of the Asiatic Squadron. He would need to know of the plans, as would the other officers he sent letters to. Then there was Nelson Miles, the Lieutenant General who was to be placed in charge of the United States Army on the Canadian border. He would have to know not to take action. Still, Cleveland was no fool. He was to have the forces along said border built up, just in case it did come to active war with Canada, something he knew was a possibility. He needed to write one to President Crespo of Venezuela, discussing further cooperation in many areas and the war as well. Admiral Winfield Scott Schley would need to be aware of the oncoming war as soon as possible, and in as much detail as possible, for he would command the United States Navy in the Atlantic. Admiral William Sampson would command the Caribbean theater, and as a result, he, too, would be contacted. Last but not least was Major General William Rufus Shafter, who would command the United States Expeditionary Force, that would operate in Guyana. Once that was done, it would surely be late. Luckily, he had already issued the basic orders for war. Patriotic advertisements, urging enlistment in the Armed Forces, would be posted, money would be allocated to the necessary places, and all of the other rigamarole associated with beginning a war would take place.
Later that night, as he prepared to go to sleep, his heart was heavy, and it was apparent on his face. "What’s wrong, Grover?" asked his wife.
"Ah, Frances. I fear I have just unleashed a beast upon a giant."
She understood. "Between a beast and a giant, who is the stronger? And who is the giant? Us or Britain?"
"For the life of me, I know not."