SS Leviathan Aircraft Carrier!

perfectgeneral

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SS Leviathan Aircraft Carrier!
SS Leviathan

A 950ft x 100ft liner was taken to Rosyth in 1938 for breaking up after 21 years in operation. What if she is instead gutted and re-fitted as an aircraft carrier of unusually large size? Could she be ready by 1940?
 
SS Leviathan Aircraft Carrier!
SS Leviathan

A 950ft x 100ft liner was taken to Rosyth in 1938 for breaking up after 21 years in operation. What if she is instead gutted and re-fitted as an aircraft carrier of unusually large size? Could she be ready by 1940?

(Lights the Astrodragon signal and then genuflects with a large bag of coffee.)
 
SS Leviathan Aircraft Carrier!
SS Leviathan

A 950ft x 100ft liner was taken to Rosyth in 1938 for breaking up after 21 years in operation. What if she is instead gutted and re-fitted as an aircraft carrier of unusually large size? Could she be ready by 1940?

Was she still coal fired? Or was she refitted to an Oil burning boilers like her earlier sister (SS Imperitor)

If she is still coal fired then she is useless

Otherwise if she is oil fired and her machinery / hull is in good enough condition then I would suggest the following

Reduce the super structure and replace with a full length Wooden Flight deck

Redirect the funnels to either side

Keep the passenger rooms etc

Use as a troop ship / Aircraft transporter with the ability to operate a small airgroup like a MAC ship if necessary

I imagine that she would retain some cargo capacity as well?

Might be useful for roles like the Club Runs - load her up with fighters and then when close enough to Malta launch them?
 
SS Leviathan Aircraft Carrier!
SS Leviathan

A 950ft x 100ft liner was taken to Rosyth in 1938 for breaking up after 21 years in operation. What if she is instead gutted and re-fitted as an aircraft carrier of unusually large size? Could she be ready by 1940?

Almost certainly not. It took four years to convert HMSs Furious and Courageous from battlecruisers to a carriers and six for their sister, HMS Glorious - and they were warships to start with, rather than one whose hull was designed as a liner.
 
Even if she can be converted in time, which I doubt, her hull and machinery will be completely worn out. Being German-built and American-operated, virtually everything on board will be non-standard. Also, as a merchant ship her design won't have anywhere near the level of survivability as a warship - even if she were new.

If someone insists on it, have a new carrier launched without ceremony and towed to Rosyth, then move the ship's bell and nameplate over from the Leviathan. It'll be quicker, cheaper and more useful than trying to rescue the original from the scrapyard.
 
I think you can forget using her for a CV due to age (all 3 sisters didn't make much use in WWII so must be worn out) but maybe as another training/depot ship like her sister during 37-40 she could help enlarge the RN ?
 

perfectgeneral

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Was she still coal fired? Or was she refitted to an Oil burning boilers like her earlier sister (SS Imperitor)

If she is still coal fired then she is useless

Otherwise if she is oil fired and her machinery / hull is in good enough condition then I would suggest the following

Reduce the super structure and replace with a full length Wooden Flight deck

Redirect the funnels to either side

Keep the passenger rooms etc

Use as a troop ship / Aircraft transporter with the ability to operate a small airgroup like a MAC ship if necessary

I imagine that she would retain some cargo capacity as well?

Might be useful for roles like the Club Runs - load her up with fighters and then when close enough to Malta launch them?

All I have is the wiki I linked to in the OP:

Having languished in political limbo at her Hoboken pier until April 1922, a decision was finally made and the $8,000,000 in funds allocated to sail Leviathan to Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia, for her 14-month reconditioning and refurbishment.[4] War duty and age meant that all wiring, plumbing, and interior layouts were stripped and redesigned while her hull was strengthened and her engines converted from coal to oil while being refurbished; virtually a new ship emerged.[5]
I underlined that last bit. Not so old as her sisters and refitted with US oil boilers.

The decorations and fittings, designed by New York architects Walker & Gillette, retained much of her prewar splendor of Edwardian, Georgian, Louis XVI styles now merged with modern 1920s touches.[6] The biggest deviation was an art deco night club supplanting the original Verandah Cafe. And in June 1923 she was given back to the Shipping Board. Leviathan's measured tonnage had increased to 59,956.65 GRT and her speed trials showed an average of 27.48 knots.
Cut back to flush deck carrier weight she might make 28-29 knots?

She should go east, to the open Indian and Pacific oceans or transport aircraft, Canadian personnel and armaments across the Atlantic. Maybe evacuees could be risked on the outward leg? Close the mid Atlantic gap?

ss_leviathan_by_mesanthroppee-d5cpkce.png

http://img02.deviantart.net/7318/i/2013/285/5/8/ss_leviathan_by_mesanthroppee-d5cpkce.png

While I can't do Mesanthopee's original drawing justice, I have diverted the funnels starboard and added deck edge lifts to the upper (open) hanger and end of hanger lifts on the centreline to the closed hanger below. Ski chair lift between fore and aft bridges. Basic suspended platforms from funnels allow clear sight of jetty when docking and light AAA.

ss_leviathan_by_mesanthroppee.jpg
 
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TFSmith121

Banned
It's not as far-fetched as it sounds;

It's not as far-fetched as it sounds; throughout the interwar period, a major element of the US Navy's mobilization planning in the event of a Pacific War was converting large liners to auxiliary carriers, know as the "XCV" program. This program was a significant push for the programs to retrofit existing ships (like Leviathan) and build new, large liners (Manhattan and Washington, for example).

WPL-10 (1924) envisioned Leviathan as one of seven carrier conversions, although most of the ships included on the prospect list were also on the troopship list, so there's no guarantee any given ship would get a carrier conversion; it would depend greatly on the strategic situation, shipyard availability, etc. Leviathan, however, was one of those with an earmark for XCV conversion, largely because of her size and (after the conversion to oil burning) speed and (relative) ease of underway replenishment.

Air groups were envisioned as a standard three squadron, 54-72 aircraft group, depending on size of the baseline ship, and divided equally between fighters, scout/dive bombers, and torpedo bombers; basic planning (1929) was for the first conversion at Boston, in service and deployed to Oahu by M+120, with a second conversion at New York and arriving at Oahu by M+150; however, the need for troop transports was expected to preempt most if not all of the carrier conversions, and by the mid-1930s, conversions were expected to take at least 180 days, and might be as long as 360 days.

By 1939, conversion cost for the smaller, but more modern Manhattan and Washington were estimated at $6 million.

By 1941, the two Manhattans, the brand-new America (which essentially replaced Leviathan as the flagship of the US-flag Atlantic liners); and the interned Swedish liner Kungsholm were considered for XVC conversions; the ships' use as troopers was seen as more important, especially give the number of fast carriers (Essex and Independence classes) on the ways, and the usefulness of freighter-derived escort carriers ...

As it was, about the closest analogues to these ideas were the IJN's Junyo and Hiyo, the Italian Aquila and Sparviero, and the British Pretoria Castle; given the war records of the above in comparison to the US and British purpose-built carriers, and CVE conversions, make it clear that the concept of the converted liner had pretty much had its day by the 1940s.

Leviathan, of course, would have made an excellent "monster" trooper, along the lines of Queen Mary etc; that being said, presumbaly the British put the steel to good use in 1938 and afterwards...

Best,
 
There are all sorts of problem with converting a big liner

The British investigated the possibility of converting the Queens into carriers, taking around 50-70 planes. The estimate was that it probably wasn't worth the effort required or the time it would take. More efficient to build light carriers and keep the liners as troopers (badly needed).
Basically the conversion would have taken at least 16-17 months (probably longer, given shortages and the issue of a big enough dock), and there were issues on the size of the lift, the hanger size and the maximum length of flight deck. Basically she'd be similar to an Illustrious without the armour. Too big for an escort carrier, too fragile for a fleet carrier.

Given the age of this ship, which likely means her engines and equipment need replacing, she's going to be even more of a problem to convert.
 

TFSmith121

Banned
She had been pretty much gutted in the 1920s update;

There are all sorts of problem with converting a big liner

The British investigated the possibility of converting the Queens into carriers, taking around 50-70 planes. The estimate was that it probably wasn't worth the effort required or the time it would take. More efficient to build light carriers and keep the liners as troopers (badly needed).
Basically the conversion would have taken at least 16-17 months (probably longer, given shortages and the issue of a big enough dock), and there were issues on the size of the lift, the hanger size and the maximum length of flight deck. Basically she'd be similar to an Illustrious without the armour. Too big for an escort carrier, too fragile for a fleet carrier.

Given the age of this ship, which likely means her engines and equipment need replacing, she's going to be even more of a problem to convert.

She had been pretty much gutted and rebuilt in the 1920s update; her best use in WW II (if she had lasted) would have been as a trooper, of course.

Best,
 
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