I think that the only real way to make a difference is for the colony to have somehow merged with the native North American's. Whilst ever division was between them the population of the Norse would be way too small to have their technological advantage play a part.
Perhaps that's a way of sustaining a settlement for a while, though if I remember correctly the Norse texts which reference the Skraelings refer to them as hostile groups who attacked without provocation (I might be wrong but I think I have this right). That doesn't sound like a concoction for a healthy working relationship.
Also, the other problem you have here is that the Vinland colonists were very small in number, and we are talking about America not being discovered for another 400-500 years afterwards. It's the way of things that those colonists are going to lose their identity and become subsumed by the native tribes' way of life. A few loan words might make it into the local language, for a while they might retain the ability to make more complex tools, but eventually it's going to be lost. History saw similar things happen time and time again. Entirely avoiding all the more familiar stories of migrations happening in Europe, there are many tales of European settlers from the early days getting scattered and ending up living with friendly native tribes, often for the rest of their days. There's what I think is a really quite twee story about the survivors of the Croatoan settlement going to live inland with an allied tribe, and decades later, when new settlers arrived to try again with a new colony, stories were circulating of a tribe of natives who lived in two-story huts, because the English settlers had taught them how to build multi-story buildings. Do you then hear stories of the American tribes coming to develop their own tall buildings? No, what instead happened was after a generation or two, the skill was lost again and the natives went back to their familiar customs. The same is likely to happen here. If the Norse settlers do integrate with the natives, by the time more Europeans arrive they won't be able to discern the Norse ancestry of the tribes, and the tribesmen themselves will have forgotten that some of their forefathers originated from across the sea. The only way to sustain a noticeable Norse influence is to have a sustainable colony IMO, and that means Vinland needs to be supported by more than just the already-pitifully weak Greenland colonists.
