During WW2 British scientists carry out experiments on the nations potato, corn and barley crops. Their intention is to increase the yield and ensure that the UK does not face starvation again.
It goes wrong. Crops fail. The potato blight of the Irish Famine looks more like a gardening accident with weedkiller. The UK is quarantined to prevent the spread of the disaster into Europe - British troops have to clean their entire equipment before jumping into combat at Arnhem. Victory in Europe is delayed as more shipping is diverted to Keep Britain Fed instead of delivering ammo and troops.
Despite winning the war it is seen that a lower population is necessary in the UK while the diseased crops are dug out and the soil cleansed. Combine with this is the need to rebuild the ruins of London into a 'City Fit For Heroes'.
The plan is simple - provide cheap transport for those emigrating to the British Empire. Ten Pound Poms, Kiwis, Saffies, Rhodesians, Canadians... you name the place, Brits move there in huge numbers. City dwellers get a greater priority especially if they are bombed out.
Meanwhile London is rebuilt as a grand Garden City with wide tree lined boulevards, good housing with gardens, no more tenements or high rises, more grand statues and temples surrounded by lakes and large parks. Not just a tighter Green Belt but also Green Underpants too!
The outcome makes London a pleasant metropolis for the right people, fit to be the heart of the British Empire but with a population that barely exceeds that of Roman Britain.