Collaborative Project: Lets Build A Planet (All Welcome)

[Chrzęścimir]

Proto-Caduric (orange colour on central continent)

Phonology

Consonants:

/p t ʈ c k/ <p t tr c k>
/b d ɖ ɟ g/ <b d dr j g>
/f s ʂ ç x/ <f s sr ç h>
/v z ʐ ʝ ɣ/ <v z zr y x>
/m n ɳ ɲ ŋ/ <m n nr ny ng>
/r ɽ͡r l ʎ/ <r rr l ll>

Vowels:

/i u/ <i u>
/ə/ <ə>
/e o/ <e o>
/a/ <a>

/ĩ ũ/ <iN uN>
/ə̃/ <əN>
/ẽ õ/ <eN oN>
/ã/ <aN>

Vowel harmony (high vs low).

Phonotactics:

CCVC

Accent:

Stress accent on penultimate syllable.

Nouns

- ergative-genitive alignment
- secundative ditransitive alignment
- no gender
- two numbers (singular, plural)
- three cases (Ergative, Genitive, Instrumental)
- possessive suffixes

[Root + Root's extension(s) + Possessor + Number + Case]

Verbs

- ergative-absolutive alignment
- two aspects (Imperfective, Perfective)
- no grammatical tense
- no evidentiality
- transitivity: intransitive, transitive (unmarked), causative
- two moods (realis, irrealis)
- person prefixed

[Person + Root + Root's extension(s) + Transitivity + Aspect + Mood

Adjectives

- adjectives and adverbs marked with special ending
- system of intensification instead degrees of comparison (Strong, Balanced, Weak)

Pronouns

- M-T pronouns

Adpositions

- prepositions

Syntax

- SVO
- Described word - Describing word

Proto-Ncungo (beige in northwest coast of southern continent)

Phonology

Consonants:

/ŋǀ ŋǁ ŋǃ/ <nc nx nq>
/ɡǀ ɡǁ ɡǃ/ <gc gx gq>
/kǀ kǁ kǃ/ <c x q>
/kǀʰ kǁʰ kǃʰ/ <ch xh qh>
/ᵑǀˀ ᵑǁˀ ᵑǃˀ/ <c' x' q'>
/p t k kʷ q qʷ ʔ ʔʷ/ <p t k kw q qw ' 'w>
/pʰ tʰ kʰ kʷʰ qʰ qʷʰ/ <ph th kh kwh qh qwh>
/pʼ tʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ/ <p' t' k' kw' q' qw'>
/b d g gʷ/ <b d g gw>
/t͡s/ <ts>
/t͡sʰ/ <tsh>
/t͡sʼ/ <ts'>
/d͡z/ <dz>
/s ɬ x xʷ χ χʷ h hʷ/ <s ł x xw ḫ ḫw h hw>
/m n ŋ ŋʷ/ <m n ng ngw>
/ɾ l/ <r l>
/j w/ <j w>

Vowels:

/i u/ <i u>
/e o/ <e o>
/a/ <a>

Phonotactics:

CV

Tones:

high [á], mid [ā], low [à], high falling [â], mid falling [ā̀], low falling [ȁ], and rising [ǎː]

Nouns

- active-stative alignment (Fluid-S)
- Four classes (Masculine Human, Feminine Human, Non-Human Animate, Inanimate)
- two numbers
- five cases (Inactive, Active, Dative, Genitive, Instrumental)
- definiteness suffixed (Indefinite, Definite)
- pronominal possessives

[(Class + Number) + Root + Root's extension(s) + Definiteness + Case]

Verbs

- active-stative verb alignment
- two aspects (progressive, stative)
- transitivity no marked
- no voice
- analytical moods with auxiliary particles
- Five tenses (Past remote, Hesternal, Hodiernal, Crastinal, Future remote)
- evidentiality (nonvisual sensory, inferential, reportative)
- class marked on verb
- person affixed

[Class + Root + Root's extension(s) + Tense + Aspect + Evidentiality + Person]

Adjectives

- adjectives the same as nouns
- adverbs marked with special ending
- no degrees of comparison

Pronouns

- T-H pronouns
- Class marked on pronouns
- logophoric pronouns

Adpositions

- prepositions

Syntax

- SVO
- Described word - Describing word

Proto-Mhanic (dark blue on northwest coast of southern continent)

Phonology

Consonants:

/kǀ kǁ kǃ/ <c x q>
/kǀʰ kǁʰ kǃʰ/ <ch xh qh>
/ɡ̊ǀʱ ɡ̊ǁʱ ɡ̊ǃʱ/ <gc gx gq>
/ŋǀ ŋǁ ŋǃ/ <nc nx nq>
/ŋǀʱ ŋǁʱ ŋǃʱ/ <ngc ngx ngq>
/ŋǀˀ ŋǁˀ ŋǃˀ/ <nkc nkx nkq>
/p t k/ <p t k>
/pʰ tʰ kʰ/ <ph th kh>
/bʰ dʰ gʰ/ <bh dh gh>
/ɓ ɗ ɠ/ <b d g>
/t͡s t͡ʃ/ <ts tš>
/t͡sʰ t͡ʃʰ/ <tsh tšh>
/d͡zʰ d͡ʒʰ/ <dz dž>
/f s ʃ x h/ <f s š ḫ h>
/vʰ zʰ ʒʰ ɣʰ ɦ/ <v z ż ḫḫ hh>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ŋ>
/mʰ nʰ ŋʰ/ <mh nh ŋh>
/r l/ <r l>
/rʰ lʰ/ <rh lh>
/j w/ <y w>
/jʰ wʰ/ <yh wh>

Vowels:

/i u/ <i u>
/ɪ ʊ/ <ie uo>
/ɛ ɔ/ <e o>
/ɑ/ <a>

Phonotactics:

CVN

C= any consonant
V= any vowel
N= any nasal consonant

Accent:

Stress accent on penultimate syllable.

Nouns

- active-stative alignment (Fluid-S)
- three classes (Human, Non-Human Animate, Inanimate)
- no number
- two cases (Active, Inactive)
- definiteness suffixed (Indefinite, Definite)
- pronominal possessives

[Class + Root + Root's extension(s) + Definiteness]

Verbs

- trigger system on verbs
- class affixed on verb
- three aspects (Incomplketive, Defective, Completive)
- analytical moods with auxiliary verbs
- no grammatical tense
- evidentiality (visual sensory, nonvisual sensory, inferential)
- person not affixed

[Person ] + [Root + Root's extension(s) + Trigger + Evidentiality + Aspect]

Adjectives

- adjectives the same as nouns
- adverbs marked with special ending
- intensifiers instead of degrees of comparison (Strong, Balanced, Weak)

Pronouns

- T-H pronouns
- Class marked on pronouns
- logophoric pronouns

Adpositions

- prepositions

Syntax

- VOS
- Describing word - Described word

 

[Chrzęścimir]

Proto-Pamahic (green colour on northwest coast of southern continent, south of central continent)

Phonology

Consonants:

/ǃ/
/ǃʰ/
/ᶢǃ/
/ᵑ̊ǃˀ ᵑǃˀ/
/ǃ͡kxʼ ᶢǃ͡kxʼ/
/p t k/ <p t k>
/pʰ tʰ kʰ/ <ph th kh>
/pʼ tʼ kʼ/ <p' t' k'>
/b d g/ <b d g>
/t͡s t͡ʃ k͡x/ <c č kx>
/t͡sʰ t͡ʃʰ k͡xʰ/ <ch čh kxh>
/t͡sʼ t͡ʃʼ k͡xʼ/ <c' č' kx'>
/d͡z d͡ʒ g͡ɣ/ <dz j gr
/s ʃ/ <s š>
/sʰ ʃʰ x h/ <sh šh x h>
/sʼ ʃʼ xʼ/ <s' š' x'>
/z ʒ ɣ/ <z ž r>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ŋ>
/ɾ l/ <rl l>
/j w/ <y w>
/jʰ wʰ/ <yh wh>
/jʼ wʼ/ <y' w'>

Vowels:

/i y ɯ u/ <i ü u o>
/ə/ <e>
/a/ <a>

/iː yː ɯː uː/ <ii üü uu oo>
/əː/ <ee>
/aː/ <aa>

Phonotactics:

CVC

Tones:

- high
- low

Structure

- mostly isolating morphology

Nouns

- neutral alignment
- indirective ditransitive alignment
- no gender
- no case
- reduplicational plural
- prepositional articles
- pronominal possessives

Verbs

- ergative-absolutive alignment in verbs
- classificatory verbs
- intensifiers
- five aspects (Incompletive, Defective, Completive, Repetitive, Experiential)
- auxiliary verbs instead moods
- intransitivity (intransitive, transitive, causative I, causative II; prefixed)
- evidential particles (visual sensory, nonvisual sensory, inferential, reportative, assumed)

Adjectives

- adjectives the same as nouns or the same as descriptive verbs
- adverbial particle before adjective or noun

Pronouns

- N-M pronouns

Adpositions

- postpositions

Syntax

- SVO
- Described word - Describing word
- Auxiliary verb after main verb

Proto-Emuic (green colour on western coast of southern continent)

Phonology

Consonants:

/p pˡ t k/ <p pl t k>
/pʰ pˡʰ tʰ kʰ/ <ph plh th kh
/ʰp ʰpˡ ʰt ʰk/ <hp hpl ht hk>
/t͡s t͡ʃ/ <c č>
/t͡sʰ t͡ʃʰ/ <ch čh>
/ʰt͡s ʰt͡ʃ/ <hc hč>
/θ s ʃ h/ <θ s š h>
/m mˡ n/ <m ml n>
/r l/ <r l>
/j w/ <y w>

Vowels:

/i u/ <i u>
/ɪ ʊ/ <e o>
/a/ <a>

/ɪˤ ʊˤ/ <e' o'>
/aˤ/ <a'>

Phonotactics:

CVC

Tones:

- high
- low

Nouns

- neutral alignment
- indirective ditransitive alignment
- no gender
- two numbers (singular, plural)
- no cases
- definiteness suffixed
- pronominal possessives (analytical)

[Number + Root + Root's extension(s) + Definiteness]

Verbs

- ergative-absolutive verb alignment
- two aspects (Incompletive, Completive)
- voice (passive, antipassive, causative)
- three tenses (past, present, future)
- two moods (realis, irrealis)
- evidentiality (nonfirsthand, everything else)

Adjectives

- adjectives the same as nouns
- adverbs the same as adjectives

Pronouns

- N-M pronouns

Adpositions

- prepositions

Syntax

- SVO
- Described word - Describing word

 

[Chrzęścimir]

Proto-Mottic (yellow on western coast of southern continent)

Phonology

Consonants:

/p t k q ʡ ʔ/ <p t k q j '>
/pː tː kː qː/ <pp tt kk qq>
/pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ/ <p' t' k' q'
/b d g/ <b d g>
/t͡s t͡ʃ/ <c č>
/t͡sː t͡ʃː/ <cc čč>
/t͡sʼ t͡ʃʼ/ <c' č'>
/d͡z d͡ʒ/ <dz dž>
/s ʃ χ ʜ h/ <s š ḫ x h
/v z ʒ ʁ ʢ/ <v z ž ẋ ḥ>
/m n/ <m n>
/r̻ l̻/ <ṛ ḷ>
/r l/ <r l>
/j/ <y>

Vowels:

/ɪ ʏ u/ <i ü u>
/e̞ ø̞ o̞/ <e ö o>
/æ ɑ/ <ä a>

/iː yː uː/ <ii üü uu>
/e̞ː ø̞ː o̞ː/ <ee öö oo>
/æː ɑː/ <ää aa>

Phonotactics:

CVC

Accent:

Stress accent on last syllable.

Nouns

- nominative-accusative alignment
- indirective ditransitive alignment
- no gender
- no number
- twelve cases (Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Allative, Ablative, Instrumental, Commitative, Causal, Locative, Benefactive, Essive)
- possessive prefixes
- nominal tense
- definiteness
- honorific ending

[Case + Possessor + Nominal tense + Root + Root's extension(s) + Definiteness + Honorific ending]

Verbs

- nominative-accusative alignment
- two aspects (Stative, Progressive, Habitual)
- three tenses (past, present, future)
- evidentiality (nonfirsthand, everything else)
- four moods (Indicative, Conditional, Imperative, Hortative)
- transitivity: intransitive, transitive (unmarked), causative
- three persons

[Person + Evidentiality + Transitivity + Root + Root's extension(s) + Tense + Aspect + Mood]

Adjectives

- adjectives the same as nouns
- special adverbial ending
- five degrees of comparison (least, less, positive, comparative, superlative)
- intensifiers (weak, balanced, strong)

Pronouns

- N-M pronouns
- Honorific endings on pronouns

Adpositions

- prepositions

Syntax

- SVO
- Described word - Describing word

 

[Chrzęścimir]

Proto-Karangic (light blue on isles west to western part of southern continent)

Phonology

Consonants:

/p pˤ t tˤ k kʷ kˤ kʷˤ ʔ/ <p p' t t' k kw k' kw' '>
/t͡s t͡sˤ t͡ʃ/ <c c' č>
/ɸ ɸˤ θ θˤ s sˤ x ħ h/ <f f' θ θ' s s' ḫ x h>
/m mˤ n nˤ ŋ ŋˤ/ <m m' n n' ng ng'>
/r rˤ l lˤ/ <r r' l l'>
/β̝ j w ʕ̝ / <v j w ẋ>

Vowels:

/i ɨ u/ <i y u>
/e o/ <e o>
/ə/ <ə>
/a/ <a>

Phonotactics:

CVR

C= any consonant
V= any vowel
R= any sonorantal consonant

Accent:

Lexical pitch accent.

Nouns

- neutral alignment
- indirective ditransitive alignment
- no gender
- no number
- no case
- possessive prefixes
- definiteness suffixed
- honorific endings

[Possessor + Root + Root's extension(s) + Definiteness + Honorific ending]

Verbs

- ergative-absolutive alignment
- two aspects (Incompletive, Completive)
- three voices (passive, antipassive, causative)
- two tenses (past, non-past)
- two moods (realis, irrealis)
- evidentiality (visual sensory, nonvisual sensory, inferential, reported, heard from known source, direct participation)

[Person + Aspect + Root + Root's extension + Voice + Tense + Mood + Evidentiality]

Adjectives

- adjectives the same as nouns or verbs
- special adverbial ending

Pronouns

- N-M pronouns
- Honorific suffixes

Adpositions

- prepositions

Syntax

- SVO
- Described word - Describing word

 

[Chrzęścimir]

Proto-Dhokoic (red colour in northern Oceania)

Phonology

Consonants:

/ǀ ǁ ǃ ǂ/
/ᶢǀ ᶢǁ ᶢǃ ᶢǂ/
/ᵑǀ ᵑǁ ᵑǃ ᵑǂ/
/ǀʰ ǁʰ ǃʰ ǂʰ/
/ᶢǀʱ ᶢǁʱ ᶢǃʱ ᶢǂʱ/
/ᵑ̊ǀʰ ᵑ̊ǁʰ ᵑ̊ǃʰ ᵑ̊ǂʰ/
/ᵑǀʱ ᵑǁʱ ᵑǃʱ ᵑǂʱ/
/ǀˀ ǁˀ ǃˀ ǂˀ/
/ǀᵡ ǁᵡ ǃᵡ ǂᵡ/
/ᶢǀʶ ᶢǁʶ ᶢǃʶ ᶢǂʶ/
/ǀ ʜ ǁ ʜ ǃ ʜ ǂ ʜ/
/ᶢǀ ʢ ᶢǁ ʢ ᶢǃ ʢ ᶢǂ ʢ/
/p t k k͡p/ <p t k kp>
/pʰ tʰ kʰ k͡pʰ/ <ph th kh kph>
/b d g g͡b/ <b d g gb>
/bʰ dʰ gʰ g͡bʰ/ <bh dh gh gbh>
/t͡s t͡ʃ/ <c č>
/t͡sʰ t͡ʃʰ/ <ch čh>
/d͡z d͡ʒ/ <dz dž>
/d͡zʰ d͡ʒʰ/ <dzh džh>
/s ʃ ʜ/ <s š x>
/z ʒ ɦ/ <z ž h>
/m n ŋ ŋ͡m/ <m n ng nm>
/l/ <l>
/j w/ <y w>

Vowels:

/i u/ <i u>
/e o/ <e o>
/a/ <a>

Phonotactics:

CVN

C= any consonant
V= any vowel
N= any nasal consonant

Tones:

- high
- medium
- low

Nouns

- active-stative alignment (Fluid-S)
- indirective ditransitive alignment
- two classes (Human, Non-Human)
- no number
- two cases (Active, Inactive)
- definiteness suffixed (Indefinite, Definite)
- pronominal possessives

[Class + Root + Root's extension(s) + Definiteness + Case]

Verbs

- active-stative alignment
- four aspects (Stative, Progressive, Habitual, Perfective)
- transitivity: intransitive, transitive (unmarked), causative I, causative II
- analytical moods with auxiliary verbs
- no grammatical tense
- evidentiality (visual sensory, nonvisual sensory, inferential, reportative)
- affirmativity affixed

[Person + Affirmativity + Root + Root's extension(s) + Transitivity + Aspect + Evidentiality]

Adjectives

- adjectives the same as nouns
- adverbs marked with special ending
- intensifiers instead of degrees of comparison (Strong, Balanced, Weak)

Pronouns

- T-H pronouns
- Class marked on pronouns
- logophoric pronouns
- clusivity

Adpositions

- prepositions

Syntax

- VOS
- Describing word - Described word

Proto-Qasiric (light olive colour in southern Oceania)

Phonology

Consonants:

/p t k q/ <p t k q>
/pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ/ <ph th kh qh>
/pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ/ <p' t' k' q'>
/s ʃ x χ/ <s š x h>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n ny ng>
/r l ʎ/ <r l ly>
/j w/ <y w>

Vowels:

/i u/ <i u>
/e o/ <e o>
/a/ <a>

/ḭ ṵ/ <i' u'>
/ḛ o̰/ <e' o'>
/a̰/ <a'>

Phonotactics:

CVC

Accent:

Stress accent on penultimate syllable.

Nouns

- nominative-accusative alignment
- indirective ditransitive alignment
- no gender
- two numbers (singular, plural)
- eight cases (Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Ablative, Instrumental, Vialis, Locative)
- possessive suffixes

[Root + Root's extension(s) + Possessor + Number + Case]

Verbs

- ergative-absolutive alignment on verbs
- two aspects (Incompletive, Completive)
- three tenses (past, present, future)
- analytical modal constructions
- three voices (passive, antipassive, causative)
- volitional auxiliary verb
- evidentiality (nonvisual sensory, inferential, reportative)

[Agent] + [Aspect + Voice + Root + Root's extension(s) + Tense + Evidentiality + Patient]

Adjectives

- adjectives the same as verbs
- special adverbial ending

Pronouns

- neither M-T, nor N-M, nor T-H pronouns

Adpositions

- postpositions

Syntax

- SOV
- Describing word - Described word

Proto-Nganaic (red-brown colour on northeastern part of southern continent)

Phonology

Consonants:

/p t c k ʔ/ <p t c k '>
/b d ɟ g/ <b d j g>
/b̰ d̰ ɟ̰ g̰/ <bb dd jj gg>
/s ç x h/ <s ç x h>
/z ʝ ɣ/ <z y v>
/z̰ ʝ̰ ɣ̰/ <zz yy vv>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n ny ng>
/m̰ n̰ ɲ̰ ŋ̰/ <mm nn nny nng
/r l/ <r l>
/r̰ l̰/ <rr ll>

Vowels:

/i u/ <i u>
/ə/ <e>
/a ɒ/ <a o>

Phonotactics:

CVC

Accent:

Stress accent on root syllable.

Nouns

- active-stative alignment (split-S)
- secundative ditransitive alignment
- no gender
- two numbers (singular, plural)
- definiteness suffixed
- possessive prefixes
- 12 cases (Active, Inactive, Instrumental, Commitative, Vialis, Genitive, Ablative, Allative, Benefactive, Essive, Equative, Abessive)

[Number + Possessor + Root + Root's extension(s) + Definiteness + Case]

Verbs

- active-stative alignment on verbs
- three aspects (Stative, Progressive, Experiential)
- three voices (Active, Medial, Causative)
- three tenses (past remote, past proper, non-past)
- six moods (Indicative, Energetic, Conditional, Potentional, Hortative, Imperative)
- evidentiality (visual sensory, inferential, reportative)

[Person + Aspect + Root + Root's extension(s) + Voice + Tense + Evidentiality + Mood]

Adjectives

- the same as nouns
- special adverbial ending
- intensifiers instead degrees of comparison

Pronouns

- M-T pronouns
- Honorifics

Adpositions

- postpositions

Syntax

-SOV
- Describing word - Described word

Proto-Anduic (dark violet colour on northeastern part of southern continent)

Phonology

Consonants:

/p t k/ <p t k>
/ⁿp ⁿt ⁿk/ <mp nt nk>
/b d g/ <b d g>
/ⁿb ⁿd ⁿgˡ <mb nd ng>
/f s x/ <f s h>
/v z ɣ/ <v z x>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ŋ>
/r l/ <r l>
/j/ <j>

Vowels:

/i u/ <i u>
/e o/ <e o>
/a/ <a>

/iː uː/ <ī ū>
/eː oː/ <ē ō>
/aː/ <ā>

Phonotactics:

CVC

Accent:

Stress accent on last syllable.

Nouns

- ergative-absolutive alignment
- indirective ditransitive alignment
- no gender
- two number (singular, plural)
- definiteness prefixed
- possessive suffixes
- three cases (Absolutive, Ergative, Dative)

[Definiteness + Number + Root + Root's extension(s) + Possessor + Case]

Verbs

- ergative-absolutive alignment
- three aspects (Imperfective, Iterative, Perfective)
- three tenses (past, present, future)
- two voices (passive, antipassive)
- analytical causative
- four moods (Indicative, Subjunctive, Imperative, Hortative)
- evidentiality (reported, everything else)

[Person + Root + Root's extension(s) + Voice + Tense + Aspect + Mood + Evidentiality]

Adjectives

- adjectives the same as nouns
- special adverbial ending

Pronouns

- M-T pronouns
- Honorifics

Adpositions

- postpositions and prepositions

Syntax

- SOV
- Describing word - Described word

 

[Chrzęścimir]

I decided to develop further the Proto-Rumaic language and I have got also a preliminary outline of a processes for a descending language on the islands east to the central continent. Name for the islands will be Haravat.

From Proto-Rumaic to Pre-Haravatic

- aspirated plosives preserved
- retroflex consonants preserved
- velars shifted to palatals
- uvulars shifted to velars
- lateral obstruents shifted to laterals approximant
- /h/ preserved
- /ʋ/ preserved
- /ɨ/ shifted to /ɪ/, /ɨː/ shifted to /iː/
- /ə əː/ shifted to /a aː/
- long vowels preserved
- /iː uː ɪ ʊ/ lowered to /eː oː ɛ ɔ/ before sonorantal consonants
- vowel clusters are contracted to prolonged second vowel

 

[Chrzęścimir]

Preliminary grammar of Proto-Rumaic language

Phonology

Consonants:

/p t ʈ k q/ [p t ṭ k q]
/pʰ tʰ ʈʰ kʰ qʰ/ [ph th ṭh kh qh]
/b d ɖ g ɢ/ [b d ḍ g ġ]
/bʰ dʰ ɖʰ gʰ ɢʰ/ [bh dh ḍh gh ġh]
/s ɬ ʂ h/ [s l ṣ h]
/z ɮ ʐ/ [z ł ẓ]
/m n ɳ ŋ/ [m n ṇ ŋ]
/mʰ nʰ ɳʰ ŋʰ/ [mh nh ṇh ŋh]
/ɾ/ [r]
/ʋ j/ [v j]

Vowels:

/ɪ ɨ ʊ/ [i y u]
/ə/ [e]
/a/ [a]

/iː ɨː uː/ [ī ȳ ū]
/əː/ [ē]
/aː/ [ā]

Phonotactics:

CVC

Accent:

Stress accent on penultimate syllable.

Nouns

Morphemes:

[Root + Root's extension(s) + Gender + Possessor + Number + Case]

pharsahamjum
phars-ah-am-i-um
'to my horses'

Gender:

Masculine -ah
Feminine -ī
Neuter -at

Case:

Masculine / Feminine / Neuter
Absolutive -ah / -ī / -at
Ergative -ak / -īk / -at
Genitive -ar / -īr / -ater
Allative -um / -īum / -atum
Ablative -aṣ / -īṣ / -ateṣ
Instrumental -abhe / -īabhe / -atabhe
Commitative -an / -īan / -atan
Locative -avu / -īvu / -atvu

Number:

Masculine / Feminine / Neuter
Singular -ah / -ī / -at
Dual -u/-v -av / -īv / -atu
Plural -i/-j -aj / -īj / -ati

Possessor

Singular / Dual / Plural
1. -am/-m / -ang/-ng / -ana/-na
2. -as/-s/-ṣ / -ath/-th / -ada/-da
3. -ał/-ł / -unt/-nt / -uṭa/-ṭa

Verbs

Morphemes

[Root + Root's extension(s) + Voice + Causative + Aspect + Tense + Mood + Person + Gender]

vāṣenartukamyngah
'We both should be showing' (action is performed, in past, subjects are males)

Voice:

Passive - vāṣ- 'to be seen'
Antipassive -en- vāṣen- 'to see'

Causative:

Passive -ar- vāṣar- 'to be shown'
Antipassive -ar- vāṣenar- 'to show'

Aspect:

Imperfective - vāṣ- 'to be seen'
Perfective -tu- vāṣtu- 'to be seen'
Resultative -ja- vāṣja- 'to have been seen'

Tense:

Past -ka- vāṣka- 'to be seen (in past)'
Non-past - vāṣ- 'to be seen'

Mood:

Indicative - vāṣ- 'to be seen'
Conditional -phu- vāṣphu- 'would be seen'
Jussive -my- vāṣmy- 'should be seen'

Person:

Masculine

Singular / Dual / Plural
1. -amah/-mah / -angah/-ngah / -anah/-nah
2. -asah/-sah/-ṣah / athah/-thah / -adah/-dah
3. -ałah/-łah / -untah/-ntah / -uṭah/-ṭah

Feminine

Singular / Dual / Plural
1. -amī/-mī / -angī/-ngī / -anī-/-nī
2. -asī/-sī/-ṣī / athī/-thī / -adī/-dī
3. -ałī/-łī / -untī/-ntī / -uṭī/-ṭī

Neuter

Singular / Dual / Plural
1. -am/-m / -ang/-ng / -an-/-n
2. -as/-s/-ṣ / ath/-th / -ad/-d
3. -ał/-ł / -unt/-nt / -uṭ/-ṭ

Adjectives

Positive - bhagh- 'good'
Comparative -er- bhagher- 'better'
Superlative -ēm- bhaghēm- 'best

Adverbs

-eh bhagheh 'well'

Syntax

Word order:

SOV

Describing word - Described word

 

[Balaur]

Are there any non-sapiens hominids around?
If so, I'd be interested in doing a Neanderthal culture.

 

[Ivoshafen]

I cannot even begin to state how amazed I am at how far this thread has grown. I lack the skill to describe it. It's me reesetelford9. My computer "melted" on the most literal sense of the word and I lost my account information. I apologize for my leave. Again, I can't overstate how amazed I am.

I hope I may be able to assist in some way.

 

[Falkanner]

Are there any non-sapiens hominids around?
If so, I'd be interested in doing a Neanderthal culture.

I don't think we talked a lot about human evolution in this world. I wasn't anticipating non-sapiens, but they could probably work with what we have.

 

[Balaur]

Some tribes of Neanderthals living on the fringes of civilization(like Ebu Gogo) could work with the "cryptid sapients" idea that was proposed a while back.

 

[The Alternative]

Why do these projects always get stuck at a certain point?

 

[Falkanner]

Why do these projects always get stuck at a certain point?

People see the project start up, they get excited and start contributing, and then they get distracted by other things. I don't think it helps that it's hard for newcomers to get into a worldbuilding project after a while.

 

[The Alternative]

People see the project start up, they get excited and start contributing, and then they get distracted by other things. I don't think it helps that it's hard for newcomers to get into a worldbuilding project after a while.

well anyone who wants to give it another shot i am looking for members for mine