But it does survive...
It is by no means a mainstream thing and it is all very hush-hush, but duels are still fought, mainly with sabres in Austria and Southern Germany.
Some student fraternities still have the Code of Honour. Usually, when things go wrong, everything is done to have the side at fault apologise, but for certain insults, this is not enough and "usually" a saber duel is fought. Pistols without 'drawn' barrels are used by people who have a handicap of any kind or a disease transmissible through blood.
Now I don't know what it would have taken to keep duelling as a mainstream means of dispute resolution, but I know that in the said circles, people are extremely polite and considered, even when drunk. Everybody knows what can happen if you do not stick to the rules.