Great chapter, nice events happening in Southern Europe. I like this strong Hunyadi controlled Hungary looking for allies against the Ottomans.
Thank you! I couldn't bear to let the Hunyadis vanish so quickly. And yes, you're right - the Habsburgs are going to have their hands full, so they'll have a vested interest in keeping a strong regime in Hungary going and fighting the Ottomans.
If the Ottomans are defeated in a future crusade, which I hope happens, it wouldn't hurt to have another buffer around to protect Europe from any Islamic invasion coming from the East. Revive the ERE!!! Or at least create a Greek Kingdom in control of lands throughout the Balkans and parts of Anatolia if possible.

Keep up the great work 👍 👍 👍 👍
 
Just a thought on John and Bianca not consummating their marriage for several years- I realize it might be a little ichy in our modern culture, but I think it’s somewhat anachronistic to think that the marriage would not be consummated at that age or very soon. My two cents.
 
Just a thought on John and Bianca not consummating their marriage for several years- I realize it might be a little ichy in our modern culture, but I think it’s somewhat anachronistic to think that the marriage would not be consummated at that age or very soon. My two cents.
I see your point, but I can’t say I completely agree with you. Margaret Beaufort is a prime example of what would happen to a girl in the Middle Ages if she had sex too early (I know it was Henry's birth, not the sex that made Henry itself that ruined Margaret's body, but I'm assuming here that the main reason a Medieval couple would consummate their marriage so young would be to secure an heir as quickly as possible).

I don't think it's out of the question that people were aware of the danger of having kids when they were still young. It might not be so much a thing about the moral ickiness over the idea, but say John and Bianca did consummate their marriage, and Bianca ended up nearly dying in birth (or actually dying) and becoming infertile. That does more damage to dynastic security than just waiting for a few more years.
 
Chapter Fifteen: More Than A Duke...
Chapter Fifteen: More Than A Duke...

Burgundy.jpg

A map of the lands of the House of Valois-Burgundy. The red dotted line shows the French-Imperial border, so the lands to the west of the line are independent, while the lands to the east remain part of the Holy Roman Empire. The key is also not quite correct since this is a map of the OTL possessions, but the territories themselves are still mostly correct (with the exception that Champagne is not highlighted as a feudal holding).

Charles the Bold’s death at the Battle of Amiens, on 3rd June 1475, had been met with great public mourning. His body was transported back to Dijon after the battle had concluded, and was buried in the Church of Our Lady in Bruges. For the remainder of the war, Burgundy was nominally ruled by Charles’s seven-year-old son, who became Duke Philip IV. The regency for Philip was headed by Charles’s illegitimate half-brother Anthony, Bastard of Burgundy, who was chosen by Philip’s mother Anne of York and approved by the Burgundian Estates for the role. Once the war had come to an end, the Duchy of Burgundy became the Principality of Burgundy, ruled by Prince Philip IV. The Treaty of Meaux also came with a term organising the marriages of Philip’s half-sisters, the two daughters of Charles the Bold and Isabella of Bourbon, Marie and Emma. Marie was to marry Nicholas, Duke of Lorraine, and Emma was to marry Lionel, Earl of Northampton. Lorraine travelled to Dijon immediately, where he married Marie in an opulent ceremony on 26th February 1478.

The Franco-Alliance War had made Nicholas, Duke of Lorraine a very rich man. His father had died in 1470, from whom he inherited the Duchy of Lorraine. But the deaths of Charles, Count of Maine in the Battle of Reims and the death of Nicholas’s grandfather René in captivity in 1476 meant that Nicholas inherited the Duchies of Bar and Anjou and the Counties of Maine and Provence, as well as a claim to the throne of the Kingdom of Naples. Lorraine’s presence in Burgundy was an essential part of Louis XI’s plan for maintaining power. Lorraine was to act as a French proxy, by which the Principality of Burgundy could yet remain shackled to France, even with its independence. With Louis’s backing, Lorraine contested the regency of Anthony, Bastard of Burgundy, and managed to install himself as the regent of Burgundy, on the pretext that only Lorraine could maintain peace with France. This was all a part of one of Louis XI's many schemes - he instructed Nicholas to appeal to the Burgundian nobles who wished to keep friendly relations with France after the Treaty of Meaux. Nicholas claimed that the only way to guarantee peace was with himself at the helm of Philip IV's regency, since his marriage with Marie unified the Houses of Lorraine and Valois-Burgundy. His campaign against Anthony managed to succeed, and Nicholas took the reins of the regency, earning him the undying enmity of Anthony. From then on, Lorraine only referred to Anthony as the Comte de la Roche, emphasising his position in the nobility and ignoring his familial connections to the Burgundian royals.

However, Lorraine soon made a drastic mistake that further irritated the allies of Anthony and alienated his own supporters - he granted sanctuary to his first cousin Edward the Red Prince and his wife Bona of Savoy. Once Edward had heard of the French defeat in the Franco-Alliance War he rapidly left France and fled first to Portugal, where he attempted to gain support from Afonso V and his son João as fellow descendants of John of Gaunt. Both Afonso and João were completely uninterested, though - but by this time, Lorraine was established in Burgundy as regent, and Edward immediately joined him. The Red Prince’s presence in Burgundy infuriated many of the Burgundian nobility. The Red Prince had led the army that had attacked the Burgundian army at the Battle of Amiens, and was thus responsible for Charles the Bold's death - and now the regent of Charles’s successor had allowed him free entry and was ensuring that he was comfortable in Burgundy. Then news broke that the Red Prince was using his position with Lorraine to damage the relationship between England and Burgundy - Lorraine had decided that he would not allow Emma of Burgundy to travel to England to marry her husband until Edward IV released Bona of Savoy from her imprisonment in Belleau Manor. To the Burgundians, this was too far, and Lorraine had stepped out of line. Anthony, Bastard of Burgundy raised an army from his lands, supported by John, Duke of Cleves, Adolf, Duke of Guelders and Louis of Bourbon, Prince-Bishop of Liege. Together, they raised an army of 10,000 men within the Archbishopric of Liege, near the town of Dinant, and from there marched swiftly south towards the Duchy of Lorraine. Lorraine in turn raised an army from his own estates and the County of Burgundy, and sent money to Swiss mercenaries to hire them for the war. He left Dijon on 7th July 1478 with around 8,000 men, marching northwards to do battle with Anthony’s army, alongside the Red Prince.

At the same time, Louis de Gruuthuse and William Clugny, two old friends of Duke Charles, broke into the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, where Emma of Burgundy was being kept. This was the true aim of the rebellion that Anthony had mustered up - draw Nicholas out of the palace, allowing a few trusted men to infiltrate the place and free Emma, who was just weeks away from turning seventeen. Once they were in, Louis and William brought Emma out of the palace and fled northwards, with the aim of getting Emma to the Low Countries. On their journey, they passed through Brienne and Reims, before eventually reaching the English exclave of Calais. Here, they met William Hastings, Captain of Calais, and explained who Emma was - and who she was to marry. Hastings understood and immediately chartered a ship to take the Burgundians to Dublin, where the fourteen-year-old Lionel, Earl of Northampton was with his family. The voyage was slowed down by a harsh wind, but Emma of Burgundy disembarked at Dublin on 23rd July 1478, where she met Lionel. The two immediately developed a liking for each other, and were married in 1480.

Back in Burgundy, the rebellion spearheaded by Anthony, Bastard of Burgundy reached its zenith. After leaving Dinant, the rebel army of 10,000 men marched southwards at an incredible rate, reaching Luxembourg on 11th July. They paused here for a day, then heard a rumour that Nicholas, Duke of Lorraine was approaching the town of Longwy, in the Duchy of Bar. The rebel army then swerved westwards to intercept Nicholas at Longwy. They met him just to the east of the city of Aubange, itself to the north of Longwy, on 14th July. The Battle of Aubange began in the early hours of the next day. Thinly outnumbering Lorraine’s army, the rebel army took heavy losses, but managed to score a victory - Lorraine abandoned his men and fled to France to take shelter in the County of Provence. The Burgundian noblemen were split over how to deal with Lorraine. Anthony the Bastard wanted him imprisoned, but Adolf, Duke of Guelders [1] talked him out of this course of action. Instead, Lorraine received a letter from Anthony the Bastard, saying that he would be allowed to return to Burgundy as long as he had no pretenses on power and didn’t allow the Red Prince to stay with him any longer. He returned to the duchy of Lorraine and accepted his role as a nobleman - and with his loyalty, Charles I’s vision of a continuous Burgundian state became almost real.

Dublin, 23rd July 1478

The most nervous Lionel of Rutland, Earl of Northampton had been before this moment was when he and his family had had to move to Ireland. Lionel had heard tales of what the Irish were like, and he hadn’t liked the sound of it all that much. But it turned out those rumours had been wrong - the Irishmen that Lionel had met in the eight years of living here had all been truly gracious to Lionel and his family, and the country itself was a beautiful place. His parents had taken him riding from time to time into the countryside, and he had loved it.
Lionel had been nervous then, but Ireland had proved him wrong. Lionel hoped now that he would find out his nerves were misplaced, and there was no need to worry about the fact that he was about to meet the girl who would be his eventual wife.
The Burgundian ship - a small schooner - was just pulling into port now as Lionel and his father Edmund, Duke of Rutland strolled up the harbour. The schooner docked, and two men disembarked, followed closely by a teenaged girl. Edmund knew the men - they were Louis de Gruuthuse and William Clugny, two Burgundian nobleman that Edmund had met during the war against France. “Good afternoon, my friends.” Edmund smiled. “Welcome to Dublin.”
“Thank you.” Louis de Gruuthuse - if Lionel remembered correctly, he was the lord of a place called Steenhuis - said to Edmund and bowed slightly. “I see life after the war has treated you well.”
“And you too. I was very troubled to hear of the developments with Lorraine, though.” Edmund said.
“It is a troubling time.” William agreed and looked at the thirteen-year-old Lionel. “And you must be the young Earl of Northampton.” He said.
Lionel nodded and bowed his head slightly. “An honour to meet you both,” he said.
“And you too.” William said. “This is Emma of Burgundy, your fiancee.” He said and gestured at the girl stood behind him, who was taking in the sights of this new city. Red hair like fire, and eyes as blue as the summer sky. She was a few years older than Lionel, by the looks of it, but even so, she was still the most beautiful girl Lionel had ever seen.
Emma’s eyes now fixed themselves on Lionel, and she smiled. “Good afternoon, Mademoiselle Emma.” Lionel said to her, remembering the polite script that he and his father had composed together after Lionel had come to him in a panic, worrying what to say for when he met Emma. “I hope your journey was pleasant.”
“Having to be broken out of my father’s old palace was not the most pleasant experience,” Emma said with a tinkly laugh, “but other than that, the journey here was quite delightful.”
Lionel smiled. “I am relieved to hear it. I am Lionel of Rutland; this is my father. We have come to take you home.”
Emma nodded. “I look forward to it. Please, lead on.”


[1] - there's a butterfly with Adolf, Duke of Guelders; his OTL wife is a certain Catherine of Bourbon. Here, he has instead married one of Philip IV's various illegitimate aunts, Madeleine of Burgundy (the daughter of Duke Philip III and an unknown mistress). That link to the House of Valois-Burgundy is what stopped Charles the Bold from imprisoning Adolf. Adolf has also now sworn loyalty to the Dukes, then Princes, of Burgundy, making Guelders technically a part of the Burgundian state.
 
Amazing work as always! Wow. Nicholas REALLY Doesnt know how to read the room huh?

And LOVE emma's with! Happy that she and Mary are finally married to their spouses.

And yet another ally Lost to the red Prince. Good
 
Just a thought on John and Bianca not consummating their marriage for several years- I realize it might be a little ichy in our modern culture, but I think it’s somewhat anachronistic to think that the marriage would not be consummated at that age or very soon. My two cents.
Not really. The consummation of marriage when the bride was under 15/16 years was quite rare and only in situations in which was needed to secure the validity of the marriage, or the groom absolutely wanted heirs or secure possession of his bride’s lands… Often the consummation was delayed also if the groom was under 15/16 years old (and could happen who the marriage was consummated immediately for securing its validity but the groom and the bride would not share again the bed for some years)
 
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Chapter Sixteen: ... Less Than A King
Chapter Sixteen: ... Less Than A King

Prince Philip IV.jpeg

A painting of Prince Philip IV of Burgundy as a young man, believed to have been made as a commission by Hans Memling.

Lionel soon grew out of his nervousness around Emma of Burgundy as she entered into Rutland’s household, and came to admire and love her. The two were married in Dublin on 19th August 1478, when Lionel was fourteen years old and Emma was seventeen years old. It was agreed that until Lionel turned of age, Emma would stay with the wider Rutland family, and she grew to have a similar affinity for Ireland as her husband. In fact, after a meal hosted by the Earl of Kildare, Gerald FitzGerald in March 1479, Emma suggested to Lionel that he use the Norman surname system used by Kildare. Lionel liked the idea and adopted the surname FitzRutland. Over time, the FitzRutland name was adopted by all the children of Edmund, Duke of Rutland. Emma herself became well liked within the Rutland family, with the Duke and Duchess of Rutland deciding to name their seventh child and third daughter Emma. Emma of Rutland was their last child together, giving Edmund, Duke of Rutland and Joanna Courtenay seven children overall - in age order, Lionel, Thomas, Joanna, Edmund, Cecily, Edward and Emma. The Rutland family left Ireland in July 1479 [1] and returned to their vast estates in Devon, leaving Ireland to be governed by the Earl of Kildare and John Courtenay, who was now married to Margaret Butler, daughter of the Earl of Ormond.

As Emma settled into her new life in Ireland and Devon, the restored regency of Anthony, Bastard of Burgundy worked well. Prince Philip IV continued his education, being taught by Philip’s uncle Adolph, Lord of Ravenstein, the husband of Anne of Burgundy, one of Duke Philip III’s many illegitimate children. Adolph reported that Philip was a boisterous young boy who enjoyed all sports, and grew up with a strong affinity for riding, hunting and fighting. He was raised to be a good Catholic, and in 1481 Philip made it clear that, once he was of age, he intended to lead a new crusade. Already, people saw in him aspects of his father Charles and grandfather Philip. During Philip’s education, he also came up with the saying that described both his princely title and the semi-independence of Burgundy - “I am more than a duke and less than a king.” Meanwhile, Anthony of Burgundy allowed Nicholas, Duke of Lorraine to return to Burgundy as long as he gave up any pretensions to the regency and swore not to give sanctuary to the Red Prince. He agreed and returned to his estates in Lorraine, and for a time there was peace in Burgundy. With Nicholas acting almost like a Burgundian nobleman, it was easy to imagine that Charles the Bold’s dream of a single continuous Burgundian state had nearly come true. Marie fell pregnant in 1479 and gave birth to a boy, who was named René.

During his regency, it fell to Anthony of Burgundy to find a suitable marriage partner for Prince Philip, and this was to be a harder task than he had hoped. So soon after the Franco-Alliance War, the Burgundian nobility were split between providing Philip with an English or Breton bride to confirm the continued alliance between the three powers, and finding a French bride for him to help the cause of peace. The primary English bride considered was the infant Catherine of York, born in 1478 to Edward IV and his second wife Isabel Neville. Nicholas, Duke of Lorraine was, naturally, the champion of the French faction in Burgundy, and he suggested one of his first cousins Yolande or Marguerite of Anjou, daughter of Nicholas’s aunt Yolande. Anthony himself hoped to find a bride that would be acceptable to both parties - for example, Louis, Count of Saint-Pol volunteered his great-niece Elizabeth Grey. Elizabeth Grey’s mother was Elizabeth Woodville, whose mother was Louis’s sister Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Thus, Louis claimed that she perfectly fulfilled the half-French and half-English criteria that Anthony wanted, but in Anthony’s mind, the Grey match did not seem illustrious enough to suit the first prince of Burgundy. However, his eventual pick was neither French, nor English.

Anthony also considered brides who would be completely neutral between England and France - Bianca Maria Sforza, eldest daughter of Galeazzo, Duke of Milan and his second wife Marguerite of Savoy [2], was a popular choice in some circles. But Anthony finally settled on Emperor Frederick III’s only surviving daughter, Kunigunde of Austria, who was three years older than Philip IV and offered as a dowry some territories within the Alsace to be granted to Philip. Frederick had offered Kunigunde’s hand to Philip in order to ensure that the imperial parts of Burgundy remained a part of the Holy Roman Empire - hopefully, the marriage would prevent Philip from ever getting ahold of some radical notion to separate the whole Burgundian state from the Empire and become truly an independent Burgundian nation. Anthony saw the scheme for what it was on Frederick’s part, but he also valued the opportunity to create an alliance with the House of Habsburg in case the French ever decided to attack the independent parts of Burgundy. Anthony therefore agreed to Frederick’s offer, and Philip IV of Burgundy and Kunigunde of Austria were officially betrothed.

Colcombe Castle, 3rd March 1482

Edmund, Duke of Rutland was standing on the edge of Colcombe Castle’s courtyard, watching as his younger boys - Edmund, nine years old, and Edward, five years old - played sword games with some sticks they had found in the forest. He couldn’t tell the specific politics of the game they were playing, but they appeared to be fighting over their sister Cecily, who was only one year older than Edward. She was screaming in delight at the attention her brothers were giving her as they hurled playful insults and threats at each other (Rutland’s personal favourite so far was one of Edmund’s threats - “you silly fool, I’ll feed you to Father’s cows!” They played this game fairly regularly, fighting over one thing or another, but rarely did they fight over one of their sisters.
Then Rutland turned to his left and saw his eldest child Lionel walking towards him, looking glum. Lionel had turned eighteen just over a week ago now. “What is it, son?” Rutland asked him as he stopped next to him.
“A squire just gave me this letter. It’s from Uncle Ned.” Lionel said and passed him a letter stamped with the royal signet ring. Rutland’s eyes glanced over it as Lionel summarised the letter’s contents. “He wants me to leave you all and move to Calais. He has dismissed Hastings as Captain, and he wants me to fill the void.”
“So he does,” Rutland said, feeling his heart sink. He had known this was coming, but the blow of losing his eldest son would still hurt. “Have you told your mother about this?”
“No.” Lionel shook his head. “I wanted to come to you first; I assumed you would have some advice for me. You always have done before.” He added.
Rutland smiled and put a hand on his son’s shoulder. “I told Uncle Ned to appoint you to Calais.” He said, and Lionel frowned.
“Why?” Lionel asked.
“Think about it, Lionel. Calais is within independent Burgundy. You are married to the Prince’s half-sister, and so making you our ambassador to Burgundy is a perfect appointment. Strategically, having you in Calais is in England’s best interests.”
Lionel frowned again. “I... I am confused, Father. You’re getting rid of me and dressing it up in state business.”
“I’m not getting rid of you, Lionel. You would have to go and have a life outside of this family eventually.” Rutland said and pulled his son into a hug. “It will hurt me greatly to see you leave us, my boy, but wherever in this world you go, know you will carry a part of my heart with you.”


Lionel FitzRutland and Emma left Dublin on 26th March 1482. They sailed round the Cornish coast to Calais, where they were greeted by William Hastings, Count of Clermont, who formally handed control over Calais over to Lionel. However, Lionel’s cousin Richard V, Duke of Normandy remained under Hastings’s wardship. Kunigunde of Austria left Vienna on 18th July 1482 to move to Burgundy. Philip IV was only fourteen when the seventeen-year-old Kunigunde came to Burgundy, so it would be some time until the marriage was consummated, but they were married on 3rd November 1482 in an opulent and grandiose ceremony in Ghent overseen by Ferry de Clugny, Bishop of Tournai, who had been a trusted figure in the administrations of both Dukes Philip III and Charles I. Lionel, Earl of Northampton and Emma of Burgundy were both guests at the wedding, having recently moved to Calais where Lionel now served as Captain. The two boys - Lionel was now eighteen, and Philip was fourteen - struck a fast friendship.

[1] - we will find out why the Rutlands have returned from Ireland in an upcoming chapter - get excited...
[2] - Bianca is Maximilian’s OTL third wife. OTL, Galeazzo’s second wife was one Bona of Savoy. Unfortunately, she’s married to the Red Prince, so I’ve instead given him Bona’s elder sister. These two would have to marry each other in 1465/1466, as Marguerite’s first husband OTL died in 1464 and she married her second husband in 1466.
 
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