I never studied as hard in College as I have when writing a time line.(Another thing I have to go research . Geez, who would have thought that working on an involved timeline would be so much research. )
This means that the great emmigration from Italy and east Europe will go into Mexico and South America,While the Irish Exclusion act was fairly mild compared to later ones, it did pave the way for the Chinese Exclusion Act, Japanese Exclusion Act, and the Slavic Exclusion Act. These acts have kept the culture of America to its Northern European roots, and have played a major role in shaping American culture today.
IOTL Argentina got almost as many Itailians as the US. ITTL Argentina will be #1, with Brazil or Mexico being second,
You are also going to get a lot more europeans into Africa.
With the US taking Cuba in the 1870's, the Phillipines will be left out on a long limb, waiting for some European power to cut it off.
With Mexico declaring bankruptcy in the late 1850's, Europe will be slow to reinvest, there.
but with the US closing off, Europe will slowing start back into reinvesting.
Espesically as the closing America becomes a less attractive investment .
Probally about the time the first waves of eastern European Immigrants arrive. in Mexico.
There is a big debate over the ecomony viability of Slavery, and Industrialization1. Slavery is not economically viable as machines become invented and cheap labor is more economically sound to the employer than slavery. (this was shown in the decision of displaced southern farmers in Brazil which had slavery choosing cheap labor over slaves for their plantations in Americana)
But Slavery is not about ecomonic viability, but is about control of your labor force,
Which is why slavery today is concentrated in Sweatshops, Domestic workers, and The White Slave trade.
In the 1780's Shippers would sent their products into Roade Island, or Delaware, who had no Tariffs, from there it would be summgled into New York, Pennsylvania, Conneticut, and Massucessut, who did have tarriffs.The United States would be split into two “Economic Unions”, one Northern, and one Southern. Each economic union would be independent from the other, and able to raise tariffs to their own satisfaction. The unions would have no tariffs with each other, but with outside powers they would set their own rates and import duties. These import duties would be set by two new Senate committees made up of Senators from their respective states.
This was boosting the small states ecomonies, and ports, while killing the large states ports, [& tariff revenue]
Unless there is a Tariff wall between the two EU's for Foreign Goods, this will happen again.
Even so i would expect a lot of Smuggling.
No National Guard, this should be Marysland State Militia.In Baltimore, strikers marched through the city. Worried by the demonstration, the mayor called for the National Guard, which arrived on the fifth day of the strike. The crowd threw stones at the soldiers, and the soldiers responded with gunfire. After it was done, 4 men died, and 15 were injured.
Also Forrest would not have to raise a privite milita for his fillibusting in Cuba, as the southern states would send their State Militia.
These are not subject to Federal control.
There is no US Army to stop them, nor OTL would there be till Spainish American war.
The Army of the United States has not been vastly enlarged due to an ACW, and is mostly stationed in the Great Plains engaged in the Indian Wars.
The Federal Government has not been enlarged and unified by an ACW,
So whe are still the United States and not the United States.
People are still Citizens of the States
Pass ports still read --Citizen of [name of State] in the United States.
Post ACW they began to read Citizen of the United States.
1862 after a revolt by the serfs againt the abolishishing of serfdom, serfdom is reimposed.1861
Russia:
February - Serfdom is abolished in Russia.
While whe today regard Serfdom as having the Peasants tied to the land,
From the 1860 Russian Serfs viewpoint, It was a matter of the Land being tied to them.
They revolted believing something like the Scottish clearances where about to happen.
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