Alexander the Great
In the 'great men' school of history, Alexander is known as 'the Great', the semi-legendary figure who conquered most of the known world before succumbing to illness on the verge of further conquests. In a more boring sense, he was king of Macedon and leader of a roving army of Macedonian and other soldiers, overthrowing the Persian empire and kingdom of Egypt, gaining effective control of their territories, and reaching the western borders of the kingdoms of the Indian subcontinent, where it is argued that he in fact fought himself to a stalemate and turned back, dying on the journey. Although a world in which Alexander lived to a ripe old age featuring numerous other conquests is a favourite of alternate history, it has been put forward that Alexander was fortunate for living as long as he did (just over thirty years) given his frequent prescence in the middle of battles, the harshness of life on campaign, and his exposure to a wide variety of local diseases in the various regions he conquered.
The timeline “Eternal Glory: A Story of The Alexandrian Empire” by JP_Morgan is based on the theory that Alexander didn't succumb to illnesses at all, but was poisoned by Cassander, son of Antipater, regent of Macedon; he survives and goes on to establish an empire which survives him for several generations, stretching from the Alps to North Africa and east into the Indian subcontinent.