an_american_oddity:constitution
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+ | ====CONSTITUTION TEXT==== | ||
+ | ===PREAMBLE=== | ||
+ | We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===ARTICLE 1=== | ||
+ | ==SECTION 1== | ||
+ | |||
+ | All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 2== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumeration shall be made within five Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; | ||
+ | |||
+ | When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Constitutional Chair of the Executive thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment of the officer of the Executive. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 3== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Constitutional Chair of the Executive of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Senate shall choose their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Constitutional Chair, or when he shall exercise the Office of Executive Chair of the United States. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When a member of the Executive of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 4== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 5== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 6== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 7== | ||
+ | |||
+ | All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; | ||
+ | |||
+ | Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the Executive Chair and Constitutional Chair of the United States, as well as the appropriate chair of the Executive Council,: If they shall all approve and shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with there Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 8== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To create new chairs and to dissolve chairs of the Executive Council of the United States by two thirds majority; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To borrow Money on the credit of the United States; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, | ||
+ | |||
+ | To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To establish Post Offices and post Roads; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To provide and maintain a Navy; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, | ||
+ | |||
+ | To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings; | ||
+ | |||
+ | To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper as deemed by two thirds majority for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 9== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another; nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 10== | ||
+ | |||
+ | No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; | ||
+ | |||
+ | No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Control of the Congress. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===ARTICLE 2=== | ||
+ | ==SECTION 1== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The executive Power shall be vested in a Executive Chair and his executive council of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Constitutional Chair and seats of the Executive Council as appointed by Congress, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of whom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the Presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Congress may determine the Time of choosing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, | ||
+ | |||
+ | In Case of the Removal of the Executive Chair from Office, or of his Death, Resignation, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The members of the Executive Council shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Before the Executive Chair shall enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 2== | ||
+ | |||
+ | A certain chair or several Chairs shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The same certain chair or several Chairs, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, the Executive Chair and the Constitutional Chair, shall have the to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 3== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The individual Executive Chairs of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 4== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Congress of the United States shall have power to create new seats of the Executive Council, but until such event, excluding the Executive and Constitutional Chairs as previously defined, | ||
+ | |||
+ | A Chair of State, to regulate the external affairs of the United States in times of peace; | ||
+ | |||
+ | A Chair of the Treasury, to manage the affairs of the finances of the United States; | ||
+ | |||
+ | A Chair of Justice, to set laws relating to felonies, misdemeanors and other offense against the United States, and shall appoint the Justices of the Court; | ||
+ | |||
+ | A Chair of Defense, to control the Armies and Navy of the United States, and to defend the United States from foreign and internal enemies; | ||
+ | |||
+ | A Chair of the Interior, to regulate the relations of the several states, and to create states, commonwealths and territories. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===ARTICLE 3=== | ||
+ | ==SECTION 1== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 2== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, | ||
+ | |||
+ | In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 3== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===ARTICLE 4=== | ||
+ | ==SECTION 1== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 2== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States. | ||
+ | |||
+ | A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime. | ||
+ | |||
+ | No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 3== | ||
+ | |||
+ | New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 4== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==SECTION 5== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The regions of the United States, of which are not composed of various States, shall be divided into territories at the digression of Congress and the Executive Council. When the population of a territory grows, it may be divided up into commonwealths, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===ARTICLE 5=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===ARTICLE 6=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, | ||
+ | |||
+ | This Constitution, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===ARTICLE 7=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Congress of the United States, and the Executive Council, Courts, and States of the United States, shall not discriminate based off matters of religion, nor shall they infringe upon the Freedoms of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, Petition, to Bear Arms, to not quarter soldiers, to be free from unreasonable search and seizure, to be free from cruel and unusual punishment, to remain silent, and to have a speedy trail in criminal and civil cases, and to not be denied a public trail in civil and criminal cases. | ||
+ | |||
+ | For we hold these truths to be self-evident, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===ARTICLE 8=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same. | ||
+ | |||
+ | DONE in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the Independence of the United States of America the Twelfth. In WITNESS whereof We have hereunto subscribed our Names, | ||
+ | |||
+ | George Washington- | ||
+ | |||
+ | President and deputy from Virginia | ||
+ | |||
+ | Quebec: Jean Baptiste, James Livingston, Moses Hazen, Germain Dionne, Clement Gosselin | ||
+ | |||
+ | New Hampshire: John Langdon, Nicholas Gilman. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Massachusetts: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Connecticut: | ||
+ | |||
+ | New York: Alexander Hamilton. | ||
+ | |||
+ | New Jersey: Wil: Livingston, David Brearley, Wm. Paterson, Jona. Dayton. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pennsylvania: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Delaware: Geo: Read, John Dickinson, Jaco: Broom, Gunning Bedford, Jun'r, Richard Bassett. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Maryland: James M' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Virginia: John Blair, James Madison, Jr. | ||
+ | |||
+ | North Carolina: Wm. Blount, Hu. Williamson, Rich’d Dobbs Spaight. | ||
+ | |||
+ | South Carolina: J. Rutledge, Charles Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Pierce Butler. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Georgia William: Few, Abr. Baldwin | ||
+ | |||
+ | Attest: William Jackson, Secretary. |
an_american_oddity/constitution.txt · Last modified: 2020/02/08 14:29 by george_washington