1902 Jan 1, In Pasadena the 1st Rose Bowl football game was held and the Univ. of Michigan beat Stanford 49 to 0. The next Rose Bowl game was held 11 years later.
(SFC, 9/25/99, p.A20)
1902 cJan 2, It was reported that the steamer Walla Walla had collided with the French bark Max of Havre off Cape Mendocino, Ca. The Walla Walla sank immediately with 141 passengers and crew as the Max limped away.
(SFEC, 12/26/99, p.W2)
1902 Jan 4, The French offered to sell their Nicaraguan Canal rights to the U.S.
(HN, 1/4/99)
1902 Jan 7, Imperial Court of China returned to Peking. The Empress Dowager resumed her reign.
(HN, 1/7/01)
1902 Jan 8, Georgy M. Malenkov, Stalin's successor as head of CPSU, PM (1953-55), was born.
(MC, 1/8/02)
1902 Jan 9, Rudolph Bing, opera manager (NY Metropolitan Opera), was born.
(MC, 1/9/02)
1902 Jan 11, Maurice Durufle, French organist, composer, was born.
(MC, 1/11/02)
1902 Jan 17, Gideon Scheepers, South Africa Boer leader, was executed.
(MC, 1/17/02)
1902 Jan 18, The Isthmus Canal Commission in Washington shifted its support to Panama as the canal site.
(HN, 1/18/99)
1902 Jan 19, The magazine "L'Auto" announced the new Tour de France.
(HN, 1/19/99)
1902 Jan 28, The Carnegie Institute was established in Washington, D.C.
(AP, 1/28/98)
1902 Jan 31, In the US it was tax freedom day, the day by which citizens met their financial obligations to the government. By 1999 it had shifted to May 10.
(SFEC, 4/18/99, BR p.7)
1902 Jan 31, A French soccer team played in England for the first time: Paris lost, 4-0, to Marlow FC.
(HC, 2003, p.64)
1902 Feb 1, Langston Hughes, African-American poet, was born in Joplin, Mo. His books included “Way Down South.”
(HN, 2/1/99)(SSFC, 7/25/04, p.F3)
1902 Feb 1, U.S. Secretary of State John Hay protested Russian privileges in China as a violation of the "open door policy."
(HN, 2/1/99)
1902 Feb 1, China's empress Tzu-hsi forbade binding woman's feet.
(MC, 2/1/02)
1902 Feb 4, Charles Lindbergh, first man to fly solo across the Atlantic, was born in Detroit.
(HN, 2/4/99)(MC, 2/4/02)
1902 Feb 9, Doctor Doyen of Paris, performed a successful operation on Siamese twins from the Barnum and Bailey Circus.
(HN, 2/9/97)
1902 Feb 10, Walter Brattain, physicist, was born. He became one of the inventors of the transistor.
(HN, 2/10/01)
1902 Feb 11, Police beat up universal suffrage demonstrators in Brussels.
(MC, 2/11/02)
1902 Feb 13, Georges Simenon, novelist, was born in Belgium.
(HN, 2/13/01)(MC, 2/13/02)
1902 Feb 18, The opera "Hunchback of Notre Dame" premiered in Monte Carlo.
(MC, 2/18/02)
1902 Feb 19, Kay Boyle, short story writer ("The White Horses of Vienna"), was born.
(HN, 2/19/01)
1902 Feb 19, Smallpox vaccination became obligatory in France.
(HN, 2/19/98)
1902 Feb 20, Ansel Adams, American photographer, was born in San Francisco. He was an American landscape photographer, especially of western wilderness and mountain panoramas. In 1996 Mary Street Alinder released her biography "Ansel Adams." Jonathon Spaulding released his "Ansel Adams and the American Landscape."
(SFEC, 9/15/96, BR p.4)(HN, 2/20/99)
1902 Feb 21, Dr. Harvey Cushing, US brain surgeon, performed his 1st brain operation.
(MC, 2/21/02)
1902 Feb 22, A fistfight broke out in the Senate. Senator Benjamin Tillman suffered a bloody nose for accusing Senator John McLaurin of bias on the Philippine tariff issue.
(HN, 2/22/98)
1902 Feb 27, John Steinbeck (d.1968), American novelist, was born in Salinas, Ca. He authored "The Grapes of Wrath," "Of Mice and Men" and "The Log from the Sea of Cortez." "A man, after he has brushed off the dust and chips of his life, will have left only the hard, clean question: Was it good or was it evil? Have I done well—or ill?"
(AP, 6/27/97) (SFEC, 6/21/98, DB p.67)(HN, 2/27/99)(SFC, 2/22/02, p.A21)
1902 Feb, Dr. Walter Reed published his results on yellow fever. He concluded that: "The spread of yellow fever can be most effectually controlled by measures directed to the destruction of mosquitoes and the protection of the sick against the bites of these insects."
(ON, 10/01, p.8)
1902 Mar 3, Isaac D. France van de Putte (79), Dutch premier (1866), died.
(SC, 3/3/02)
1902 Mar 4, The American Automobile Association was founded in Chicago.
(AP, 3/4/98)(HN, 3/4/98)
1902 Mar 8, Louise Beavers, film actress, was born.
(HN, 3/8/01)
1902 Mar 8, The 1st performance of Jean Sibelius' 2nd Symphony.
(MC, 3/8/02)
1902 Mar 9, Edward Durell Stone, US, architect (US Embassy, New Delhi), was born.
(MC, 3/9/02)
1902 Mar 9, Will Greer, actor (Grandpa Walton-The Waltons), was born in Frankfort, Ind.
(MC, 3/9/02)
1902 Mar 9, Alma Schindler (d.1964), daughter of landscape painter Emil Schindler, married composer Gustav Mahler (d.1911) in Vienna. He immortalized her in the first movement of his Symphony No. 6, and he dedicated Symphony No. 8 to her. After his death Alma became involved with Oskar Kokoschka, who painted her many times, most notably in "The Tempest" (1914; "Die Windsbraut"). In August 1915 she married the architect Walter Gropius. During her lifetime Alma Mahler became friends with numerous celebrated artists, including the painter Gustav Klimt (who made several portraits of her), composer Arnold Schoenberg, the writer Gerhart Hauptmann, and the singer Enrico Caruso. The composer Alban Berg dedicated his opera Wozzeck (1921) to her. In 1929 she married writer Franz Werfel.
(MC, 3/9/02)(
http://www.usc.edu/isd/archives/arc/libraries/feuchtwanger/exiles/werfel.html)
1902 Mar 10, The Boers scored their last victory over the British, capturing British General Methuen and 200 men.
(HN, 3/10/98)
1902 Mar 17, Bobby Jones was born. He was the first American golfer to win the U.S. and British championships in the same year in 1930.
(HN, 3/17/99)
1902 cMar 19, Japan formed an alliance with England.
(Jap. Enc., BLDM, p. 215)
1902 Mar 20, France and Russia acknowledged the Anglo-Japanese alliance, but asserted their right to protect their interests in China and Korea.
(HN, 3/20/98)
1902 Mar 22, Great Britain and Persia agreed to link Europe and India by telegraph.
(HN, 3/22/97)
1902 Apr 23, Halldór Laxness, Nobel Prize-winning Icelandic novelist (The Fish Can Sing, Paradise Reclaimed), was born.
(HN, 4/23/01)
1902 Mar 23, Kálmán Tisza (71), premier of Hungary (1875-90), died.
(SS, 3/23/02)
1902 Mar 24, Thomas E. Dewey, a governor of New York (1943-1955) and two-time Republican presidential nominee, was born in Owosso, Mich.
(HN, 3/24/01)(AP, 3/24/02)
1902 Mar 25, Irving W. Colburn patented a sheet glass drawing machine.
(MC, 3/25/02)
1902 Mar 26, Cecil Rhodes (48), Prime Minister of Cape Colony (1890-96), died. [see Apr 4, 1902]
(SS, 3/26/02)
1902 Mar 29, William Walton, composer (Troilus and Cressida, Wise Virgins), was born in England.
(MC, 3/29/02)
1902 Mar, Henry Ford (38) left the Detroit Automobile Company and soon found backers for the new Ford Motor Co., which incorporated in 1903.
(ON, 3/03, p.1)
1902 Apr 2, Thomas L. Talley set up the first moving picture theater as part of a carnival in Los Angeles.
(SFEC, 5/23/99, Z1 p.10)(MC, 4/2/02)
1902 Apr 4, British financier Cecil Rhodes left $10 million in his will to provide scholarships for Americans at Oxford University in England. The first scholars were selected in 1903. In Rhodesia [later Zimbabwe] after Cecil John Rhodes, British imperialist, died at age 48 he was buried in a tomb in the Matopos Hills. He had co-founded De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd., and built great railways through southern Africa. "So much to do, and so little time."
(AP, 4/4/97)(SFC, 12/9/98, p.A25)(WSJ, 12/9/98, p.A1)(SFEC, 7/2/00, Z1 p.2)
1902 Apr 5, Maurice Ravel's "Pavane pour une infante defunte," premiered in Paris.
(MC, 4/5/02)
1902 Apr 7, The Texas Fuel Co. was founded. It soon changed its name to the Texas Co. and eventually became Texaco.
(SFC, 10/20/04, p.C6)
1902 Apr 8, Josef Krips, conductor (London Symph 1954-63), was born in Vienna, Austria.
(MC, 4/8/02)
1902 Apr 10, South African Boers accepted British terms of surrender.
(HN, 4/10/98)
1902 Apr 13, Philippe de Rothschild, manager (Bordeaux Vineyard), was born in Paris.
(MC, 4/13/02)
1902 Apr 13, James Cash Penney (J.C. Penney) opened his first Golden Rule Store for clothes, shoes and dry goods in Kemmerer, Wyoming. It grew to a chain and was renamed J.C. Penney in 1913. By 1929 there were 1,395 stores in the chain. [see Apr 14]
(WSJ, 3/31/98, p.A1)(HN, 4/13/99)
1902 Apr 14, Menachem A. Schneerson, rebee (head of Lubavitcher Jews), was born.
(MC, 4/14/02)
1902 Apr 14, J.C. Penney opened his first store, in Kemmerer, Wyo. [see Apr 13]
(AP, 4/14/97)
1902 Apr 18, Denmark became the 1st country to adopt fingerprinting to identify criminals.
(MC, 4/18/02)
1902 Apr 20, Scientists Marie and Pierre Curie isolated the radioactive element radium.
(AP, 4/20/97)
1902 Apr 28, Johan Borgen, Norwegian novelist, was born.
(HN, 4/28/01)
1902 Apr 28, A revolution broke out in the Dominican Republic.
(HN, 4/28/98)
1902 Apr 30, Debussy's opera "Pelleas et Melisande" premiered in Paris.
(MC, 4/30/02)
1902 May 1, John Glover (85), English chemist (production sulfuric acid), died.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1902 May 2, "A Trip To The Moon," the 1st science fiction, was film released. The French film "Le Voyage Dans La Lune" (Voyage to the Moon) was a 14-minute silent film directed by Georges Melies. It displayed early efforts in trick photography to show a group of scientists traveling to the moon after being shot from a giant cannon.
(WSJ, 3/19/98, p.R4)(MC, 5/2/02)
1902 May 3, Walter Slezak, actor (Bedtime for Bonzo, Inspector General), was born in Vienna.
(MC, 5/3/02)
1902 May 5, Bret Harte, American writer (b.1836), died in England. In 2000 Axel Nissen authored "Bret Harte: Prince and Pauper."
(WUD, 1994, p.648)(SFEC, 9/3/00, BR p.6)(MC, 5/5/02)
1902 May 6, Harry Golden, Jewish humorist, writer (2 Cents Plain, Only in America), was born.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1902 May 6, Max Ophuls (d.1957), film director (La Ronde, Lola Montes), was born in the Rhine Valley of Jewish parents. He made films in Germany, France, Netherlands and the US.
(SFEC, 9/5/99, DB p.50)(HN, 5/6/01)
1902 May 6, Start of Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of Shoscombe Old Place."
(MC, 5/6/02)
1902 May 6, British SS Camorta sank off Rangoon and 739 died.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1902 May 6, There was a Zulu assault at Holkrantz, South-Africa.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1902 May 8, Mt. Pelee volcano, on the French Island of Martinique in the east W. Indies, blew its top and wiped out the town of St. Pierre. A pyroclastic flow killed 29-40 thousand people. In 1972 Jacques Petitjean Roget published a detailed report on the event. In 2002 Alwyn Scarth authored "La Catastrophe."
(SFC, 8/13/01, p.A4)(SFC, 1/19/02, p.A14)(NH, 10/02, p.76)
1902 May 10, Joachim Prinz, author, Rabbi of Berlin (1926-37), was born.
(MC, 5/10/02)
1902 May 10, David O. Selznick, film producer (Gone with the Wind, Rebecca), was born in Pittsburgh, Pa.
(HN, 5/10/02)(MC, 5/10/02)
1902 May 12, Heinrich Kirchner, German sculptor, was born.
(MC, 5/12/02)
1902 May 12, Over 100,000 miners in northeastern Pennsylvania called a strike and kept the mines closed all summer. Owners refused arbitration and Pres. Roosevelt intervened. [see Oct 3]
(LCTH, 10/3/99)(SFC, 10/4/02, p.A17)
1902 May 15, Richard Daley, mayor of Chicago through the 1960s and early 1970's, was born.
(HN, 5/15/99)
1902 May 18, Meredith Willson (Wilson), composer and lyricist (The Music Man), was born in Mason City, Iowa.
(HN, 5/18/01)(SSFC, 3/14/04, p.D12)
1902 May 20, The United States ended its three-year military presence in Cuba as the Republic of Cuba was established under its first elected president, Tomas Estrada Palma. Theodore Roosevelt had criticized the government’s sluggish withdrawal of disease-stricken US troops from Cuba.
(HN, 5/20/98)(WSJ, 11/13/98, p.A1)(AP, 5/20/02)
1902 May 21, Marcel Breuer, Hungarian-born architect, was born.
(HN, 5/21/01)
1902 May 25, Helvi Lemmikke Leiviska, composer, was born.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1902 May 29, Dutch State Mine law formed.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1902 May 31, The Boer War ended between the Boars of South Africa and Great Britain with the Treaty of Vereeniging. This effectively ended a 3-year uprising by the Boers, led by Louis Botha, commandant general of the Transvaal forces. Botha was a signatory at the peace conference. The combination of superior fire power and a brutal war of attrition launched by Lord Kitchener forced the Boers to give in. Kitchener burned the farms of Africans and Boers alike and collected as many as a 100,000 women and children in carelessly run and unhygienic concentration camps on the open veldt. Britain annexed Transvaal.
(V.D.-H.K.p.289)(HN, 5/31/99)(SFC, 9/25/99, p.A21)(MC, 5/31/02) (HNQ, 6/29/02)
1902 May, In Nicaragua the Momotombo volcano erupted.
(ON, 1/00, p.2)
1902 Jun 2, 2nd statewide initiative and referendum law was adopted in Oregon.
(SC, 6/2/02)
1902 Jun 6, Jimmie Lunceford, bandleader, was born.
(HN, 6/6/01)
1902 Jun 9, The 1st Automat restaurant opened at 818 Chestnut Street, Phila.
(MC, 6/9/02)
1902 Jun 15, Erik H. Erickson, Danish-born psychologist who wrote "Childhood and Society," was born.
(HN, 6/15/98)
1902 Jun 16, Barbara McClintock, geneticist (Nobel 1983), was born.
(HN, 6/16/01)(MC, 6/16/02)
1902 Jun 16, George Gaylord Simpson, paleontologist, was born.
(HN, 6/16/01)
1902 Jun 19, The US Senate voted in favor of Panama as the canal site. US support for a $40 million purchase was based on Congressional acceptance for a canal in Panama rather than Nicaragua, and the acquisition of land to serve as a canal zone.
(HN, 1/18/99)(ON, 1/00, p.1)
1902 Jun 19, Guy Lombardo (d.11/5/1977) Canadian bandleader was born in London, Ontario. He played the sweetest music this side of heaven with his Royal Canadians and sold over 100 million records.
(DTnet, 6/19/97)
1902 Jun 19, John E E Dalberg, baron van Acton (69), English historian, died.
(MC, 6/19/02)
1902 Jun 23, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy renewed the Triple Alliance for a 12 year duration.
(HN, 6/23/98)
1902 Jun 26, William P. Lear, American engineer and industrialist, was born.
(HN, 6/26/01)
1902 Jun 28, John Dillinger, US bank robber (public enemy #1), was born.
(MC, 6/28/02)
1902 Jun 28, Richard Rodgers (d.1979), American composer, was born.
(HN, 6/28/01)(SFC, 4/22/02, p.D1)
1902 Jun 28, Congress passed the Spooner bill, authorizing a canal to be built across the isthmus of Panama. The US purchased a concession to build Panama canal from French for $40 million.
(HN, 6/28/98)(MC, 6/28/02)
1902 Jul 1, William Wyler (d.1981), film director (The Best Years of Our Lives, Ben Hur), was born.
(HN, 7/1/01)(SFC, 7/8/02, p.D2)
1902 Jul 1, Start of Sherlock Holmes "Disappearance of Lady Frances Carfax."
(MC, 7/1/02)
1902 Jul 2, John J. McGraw became manager of NY Giants and stayed for 30 years.
(SC, 7/2/02)
1902 Jul 4, Meyer Lansky, mobster (Started numbers), was born.
(MC, 7/4/02)
1902 Jul 4, Pres. Roosevelt officially ended the Philippine-American War. Estimates for the civilian people killed ranged from 250,000 to 1 million. Creighton Miller in 1982 published "Benevolent Assimilation," a comprehensive account of the conflict.
(SFEC, 1/31/99, Z1 p.1,4)(WSJ, 11/19/97, p.A6)(PC, 1992, p.642)
1902 Jul 17, Christina E. Stead, novelist and screenwriter who wrote "The Man Who Loved Women," was born.
(HN, 7/17/98)
1902 Jul 17, Willis Carrier invented modern day air conditioning at the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing and Publishing Company in Brooklyn, NY. Carrier’s invention was used primarily to cool machines, not people. In 1928 the U.S. House of Representatives was air conditioned, followed shortly by the Senate, White House and Supreme Court.
(PR Carrier Corp., 7/17/02)
1902 Jul 18, Charles W.J. Mengelberg, Dutch composer, conductor, was born.
(MC, 7/18/02)
1902 Jul 18, Jessamyn West, American author (The Friendly Persuasion), was born.
(HN, 7/18/01)
1902 Jul 25, Eric Hoffer (d.1983), American longshoreman, philosopher and author of "In Our Time," was born: "Our present addiction to pollsters and forecasters is a symptom of our chronic uncertainty about the future. ... We watch our experts read the entrails of statistical tables and graphs the way the ancients watched their soothsayers read the entrails of a chicken." "It almost seems that nobody can hate America as much as native Americans. America needs new immigrants to love and cherish it." "We do not usually look for allies when we love. Indeed, we often look on those who love with us as rivals and trespassers. But we always look for allies when we hate."
(AP, 5/21/97)(AP, 10/28/97)(AP, 5/23/98)(HN, 7/25/02)
1902 Jul 28, Kenneth Fearing, poet and novelist (The Big Clock), was born.
(HN, 7/28/01)
1902 Jul 30, Anti-Jewish rioters attacked the funeral procession of Rabbi Joseph in NYC.
(MC, 7/30/02)
1902 Aug 3, Ray Block, orchestra leader (Ed Sullivan, Jackie Gleason), was born in France.
(SC, 8/3/02)
1902 Aug 3, Habib Bourguiba, 1st president of Tunisia, was born.
(SC, 8/3/02)
1902 Aug 3, Judson Laire, actor, singer (Papa-Mama, Adm Broadway Revue), was born in NYC.
(SC, 8/3/02)
1902 Aug 8, Jean Y.Y. Tissot, French painter, illustrator, died.
(MC, 8/8/02)
1902 Aug 9, Edward VII was crowned king of England following the death of his mother, Queen Victoria.
(SFEM, 1/26/97, p.40)(AP, 8/9/98)
1902 Aug 13, Felix Wankel, inventory of the rotary engine which bears his name, was born in Germany.
(HN, 8/13/00)(MC, 8/13/02)
1902 Aug 19, Ogden Nash (d.1971), American author and humorist, was born in Rye, NY. Vanity, vanity, all is vanity/ That's any fun at all for humanity. "Winter comes but once a year, And when it comes it brings the doctor good cheer."
(WUD, 1994 p.951)(AP, 10/24/97)(AP, 12/21/98)(HN, 8/19/00)(MC, 8/19/02)
1902 Aug 22, Leni Riefenstahl, [Helene Bertha Amalie], actress, Hitler's favorite cinematographer (Triumph of the Will, Tiefland), was born in Germany.
(MC, 8/22/02)
1902 Aug 22, President Theodore Roosevelt became the first U.S. chief executive to ride in an automobile in Hartford, Conn.
(AP, 8/22/97)(SFC, 9/25/99, p.A20)
1902 Aug 22, The Cadillac Company formed from the Henry Ford Co. when Henry Ford left. Ford formed the Ford Motor Co. in 1903.
(Wikipedia)
1902 Aug 23, Fanny Farmer, among the first to emphasize the relationship of diet to health, opened her School of Cookery in Boston.
(HN, 8/23/00)
1902 Aug 23, Gold was discovered in Goldfield, Nv., near Tonopah. By 1907 Goldfield grew to 20,000 residents.
(SFC, 8/31/02, p.A2)
1902 Aug 31, Mathilde Wesendonk (73), German author and poetess, died.
(MC, 8/31/01)
1902 Aug, In Japan Mount Izu-Torishima erupted and left 125 people dead.
(SFEC, 4/2/00, p.A17)
1902 Fall, Emily Wolcott (b.1866), writer, began her first term at the Univ. of Michigan in the LSA program. That fall Michigan beat Ohio State 83-0.
(MT, Fall ‘96, p.12)
1902 Sep 1, The Austro-Hungarian army was called into the city of Agram to restore the peace as Serbs and Croats clashed.
(HN, 9/1/99)
1902 Sep 3, Start of Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of Illustrious Client."
(MC, 9/3/01)
1902 Sep 12, Margaret Hamilton, wicked witch of the west (Wizard of Oz), was born in Ohio. [see Dec 9]
(MC, 9/12/01)
1902 Sep 12, The Yacolt Fire burned 238,000 acres in Oregon and Washington and killed 38 people.
(SFC, 10/30/03, p.A15)
1902 Sep 17, U.S. troops were sent to Panama to keep train lines open over the isthmus as Panamanian nationals struggled for independence from Colombia.
(HN, 9/17/98)
1902 Sep 17, US protested anti-Semitism in Romania.
(MC, 9/17/01)
1902 Sep 21, Allen Lake was born. He founded Penguin Books in 1935.
(HN, 9/21/00)
1902 Sep 22, John Houseman, director, producer and actor, was born in Bucharest, Romania.
(HN, 9/22/00)(MC, 9/22/01)
1902 Sep 22, A long-simmering feud between the Brooks and McFarland clans erupted into a bloody gunfight in the railroad town of Spokogee, Indian Territory, which is now Dustin, Oklahoma. Spokogee had sprung up in the path of the coming Fort Smith & Western Railroad. The Creek name meant "the exalted," or "near to God." The area around Spokogee was home to two feuding families, the Brookses and McFarlands. Willis B. Brooks, 48, was a well-known inhabitant of the Dogwood Settlement and one of the toughest men to be found in Indian Territory. He was a gunfighter from Alabama, by way of Texas. Jim McFarland, his chief adversary, had the reputation of being an outlaw and a killer. While the ribbon of steel inched its way toward Spokogee, the long-simmering feud between the warring families heated up and then erupted into a classic Western gunfight, settled with gun smoke, blood and lead.
(HNQ, 8/25/01)
1902 Sep 23, John Wesley Powell (68), US explorer and geologist, died. He led expeditions down the Green and Colorado rivers (1869 & 1871), through the Grand Canyon even though he had lost the lower part of his right arm in the Battle of Shiloh during the Civil War. Powell, a geographer and ethnologist, held a number of positions after resigning from the army in 1865, many for government agencies such as director of the U.S. Geographical Survey. [see 1891] In 2001 Donald Worster authored "A River Running West: the Life and Times of John Wesley Powell."
(HNQ, 10/13/00)(SSFC, 4/1/01, BR p.6)(MC, 9/23/01)(ON, 5/02, p.5)
1902 Sep 26, Umberto "Albert" Anastasia, US gangster (fond of being shaved), was born.
(MC, 9/26/01)
1902 Sep 28, Ed Sullivan, television host, was born. He was also a newspaper columnist and radio host. "The Ed Sullivan Show" first aired in 1948. His show had many debut acts including Lewis and Martin, Elvis, the Beatles and the Rolling Stones. [see Sep 28, 1901]
(MC, 9/28/01)
1902 Sep 28, Emile Zola (b.1840), novelist (Nana, Germinal, J'accuse), died by asphyxiation in his Paris apartment at age 62. In 1895 he began taking photographs and took some 7,000 pictures before his death.
(SFC, 12/29/00, p.C6)(MC, 9/28/01)
1902 Sep 29, Impresario David Belasco opened his first Broadway theater.
(AP, 9/29/97)
1902 Sep 29, William Topaz McGonagall, affectionately remembered to this day as one of Britain's worst (if not the worst) poets, died in Edinburgh, Scotland.
(AP, 9/29/02)
1902 Oct 3, President Theodore Roosevelt met with miners and coal field operators in an attempt to settle the anthracite coal strike, then in its fifth month. The country relied on coal to power commerce and industry and anthracite or "hard coal" was essential for domestic heating. Pennsylvania miners had left the anthracite fields demanding wage increases, union recognition, and an eight-hour workday. As winter approached, public anxiety about fuel shortages and the rising cost of all coal pushed Roosevelt to take unprecedented action. A presidential commission awarded the workers a 10% wage increase and a shorter work week. [see May 12]
(LCTH, 10/3/99)(SFC, 10/4/02, p.A17)
1902 Oct 5, Ray Croc was born. He founded the McDonald’s hamburger franchise in 1955.
(HN, 10/5/00)
1902 Oct 25, Henry Steele Commanger, American historian, was born in Pittsburg, Pa. He wrote the fifty-five volume "Rise of the American Nation."
(HN, 10/25/98)(MC, 10/25/01)
1902 Oct 25, Santa Maria, Guatemala, was hit by an earthquake and about 6,000 died.
(MC, 10/25/01)
1902 Oct 26, Beryl Markham, aviator and writer, was born.
(HN, 10/26/00)
1902 Oct 31, Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Brazilian poet, journalist and short story writer, was born.
(HN, 10/31/00)
1902 Nov 1, Nordahl Brun Greig, Norwegian writer, was born. He was a wartime hero during WWII.
(HN, 11/1/00)
1902 Nov 1, Eugen Jochum, German conductor (Hamburg Orch), was born in Babenhausen, Bavaria.
(MC, 11/1/01)
1902 Nov 5, Strom Thurmond, (Sen-R-SC, 1955-2003), was born.
(MC, 11/5/01)
1902 Nov 16, A cartoon appeared in the Washington Star, prompting the Teddy Bear Craze, after President Teddy Roosevelt refused to kill a captive bear tied up for him to shoot during a hunting trip to Mississippi.
(HN, 11/16/00)
1902 Nov 17, Lee Strasberg, acting coach and actor (And Justice for All), was born in Austria.
(MC, 11/17/01)
1902 Nov 17, Eugene Paul Wigner, Hungarian-born mathematician and physicist, was born. He won the Nobel Prize in 1963.
(HN, 11/17/00)(MC, 11/17/01)
1902 Nov 18, Brooklyn toymaker Morris Michton named the teddy bear after Teddy Roosevelt.
(MC, 11/18/01)
1902 Nov 22, Emanuel Feuermann, cellist (Chicago Symphony Orchestra), was born in Kolomea, Galicia.
(MC, 11/22/01)
1902 Nov 22, A fire caused considerable damage to the unfinished Williamsburg bridge in New York.
(HN, 11/22/98)
1902 Nov 22, Friedrich A. Krupp, cannon manufacturer, committed suicide.
(MC, 11/22/01)
1902 Nov 23, Dr. Walter Reed (51) died from a ruptured appendix in Washington DC. His experiments in Cuba had helped prove that yellow fever was transmitted by a mosquitoes. In 1982 William Bean, MD, authored "Walter Reed."
(ON, 10/01, p.8)
1902 Nov 24, The first Congress of Professional Photographers convened in Paris.
(HN, 11/24/98)
1902 Nov 25, Franz Lehar's opera "Wiener Fraueen," premiered in Vienna.
(MC, 11/25/01)
1902 Dec 8, Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. became Associate Justice on Supreme Court.
(MC, 12/8/01)
1902 Dec 9, Margaret Hamilton, actress (Wicked Witch-Wizard of Oz), was born in Cleveland, Oh. [see Sep 12]
(MC, 12/9/01)
1902 Dec 11, Matthias Hohner (b.1833), German clockmaker and harmonica manufacturer, died. He began making harmonicas in 1857. Exports to America began in 1862.
(
www.eharmonica.net/history.htm)
1902 Dec 13, The Committee of Imperial Defense held its first meeting in London.
(HN, 12/13/98)
1902 Dec 20, Max Lerner (d.1992), American columnist (NY Post) and public commentator, was born. His work included "America as a Civilization."
(SFEC, 7/11/99, BR p.6)(MC, 12/20/01)
1902 Dec 22, Jacques-Philippe Leclerc, French WW II hero (liberator of Paris), was born.
(MC, 12/22/01)
1902 Dec 28, Mortimer J. Adler, American philosopher, educator and writer, was born. He helped design the "Great Books" program, which popularized the great ideas of Western civilization in 54 volumes.
(HN, 12/28/99)
1902 Charles Lindbergh, US aviator, was born. In 1998 A. Scott Berg published the biography "Lindbergh."
(WUD, 1994, p.832)(WSJ, 9/25/98, p.W6)
1902 John Steinbeck, US author, was born. He won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1962. His work included "The Log from the Sea of Cortez." A biography of Steinbeck, "John Steinbeck" by Catherine Reef, was published in 1996. A CD-ROM version on "Of Mice and Men" was released in 1995. In 1996 a CD-ROM was released titled "The Pearl" & "The Red Pony" by Penguin Electronic; "The Grapes of Wrath" was also planned for release.
(WUD, 1994, p.1392)(SFEC, 5/18/97, p.T8)
1902 Raoul Dufy, fauve artist, painted "Nude on a Pink Sofa."
(WSJ, 5/4/99, p.A20)
1902 Paul Gauguin created his painting "Primitive Tales."
(WSJ, 4/12/04, p.D8)
1902 Artist Hamilton King painted a series of bathing beauties, flag girls, girls in period gowns and sketches used as cigarette premiums for Turkish Trophies, a brand produced by the American Tobacco Co. He painted another set in 1913.
(SFC, 2/12/97, z1 p.6)
1902 Gustav Klimt painted "Portrait of Emilie Flöge."
(WSJ, 7/11/01, p.A15)
1902 Monet made his painting "Waterloo Bridge."
(SFEC, 5/23/99, Z1 p.10)
1902 Picasso painted "La Soupe," a picture of a mother offering a bowl of soup to her daughter. He also painted "Two Women at a Bar."
(WSJ, 4/9/97, p.A12)(WSJ, 2/16/00, p.A14)
1902 Naum Gabo created his sculpture "Constructed Head No. 2." It was later acquired by Raymond D. Nasher of Dallas, Texas.
(WSJ, 11/4/03, p.A1)
c1902 Aristide Maillol, sculptor, began his work "Night." It was completed around 1909.
(SFC, 10/26/96, p.B6)
1902 J.M. Barrie featured Peter Pan as a minor character in his book “The Little White Bird.”
(USAT, 9/2/04, p.2D)
1902 Anton Chekhov published his collected works.
(SFEC, 2/14/99, BR p.5)
1902 Joseph Conrad, born in Poland as Josef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski, published his novella "The Heart of Darkness." It later inspired the film "Apocalypse Now."
(SFC, 9/25/99, p.A20)
1902 Sir Arthur Conan Doyle published his book "Hound of the Baskervilles." A 1st edition copy with dust jacket sold at auction for $131,541 in 1998.
(WSJ, 10/16/98, p.W14)
1902 S.W. Erdnase published "The Expert at the Card Table." The book revealed secrets behind card tricks and cheating techniques. The real identity of the author was a mystery.
(WSJ, 8/16/00, p.A1)
1902 Henry James published "The Wings of the Dove."
(SFC, 12/27/99, p.E1)
1902 William James published "The Varieties of Religious Experience," based on his 1901 Gifford Lectures at the Univ. of St. Andrews in Scotland. In 1999 it was rated the 2nd best work of non-fiction in the English language by the Modern Library.
(WSJ, 11/11/97, p.A16)(SFC, 4/29/99, p.C5)
1902 Rudyard Kipling published "Just So Stories."
(SFEC, 2/27/00, BR p.12)
1902 V.I. Lenin’s What Is To Be Done? was published and espoused the need for a disciplined, centrally-directed revolutionary party. This work, along with several articles preceding it, comprised Lenin’s most distinctive contributions to Communist theory. His three key theoretical elements were: that the workers have no revolutionary consciousness and that their spontaneous actions will not lead to revolution; that consciousness must be brought to workers by intellectual leaders; and the revolutionary party must consist of full-time, disciplined, centrally-directed professionals capable of acting as one man.
(HNQ, 3/22/99)
1902 Samuel Armstrong Nelson published his book: "The ABC of Stock Speculation."
(WSJ, 5/28/96, p. R-38)
1902 Euclides da Cunha of Brazil wrote "Os Sertoes," (The Arid Region), translated into English as "Rebellion in the Backlands," on the 1893-1897 events at Canudos led by Antonio Conselheiro.
(SFC, 10/7/97, p.A14)
1902 "Garden Cities of Tomorrow" was published. John Papworth and Ebeneezer Howard were already on record as British theorists for planning new towns.
(Hem., Nov.’95, p.91)
1902 Owen Wister (1860-1938) authored "The Virginian: A Horseman of the Plains." In 1929 Paramount adopted it into a movie with Walter Huston and Gary Cooper. A TV series began in 1962.
(AH, 10/02, p.18)
1902 The novel "The Four Feathers" by A.E.W. Mason, was published. It was set mainly in England and Ireland over the years 1882-1888 during England’s war in the Sudan and went on to inspire 7 films.
(SFC, 9/20/02, p.D1)(
http://www.stmoroky.com/reviews/books/4feather.htm)
1902 "The Lower Depths," a play by Maxim Gorky premiered in Moscow.
(WSJ, 3/4/97, p.B1)
1902 In NYC the 21-story Flatiron Building (Fuller Bldg.) was built on a pie-slice of land at 23rd & 5th Ave. by architect Daniel Burnham with a French Beaux arts-style facade.
(HT, 5/97, p.24)
1902 Barnum’s Animal Crackers were 1st produced. In 2002 Nabisco planned a 100 year b-day.
(SSFC, 12/2/01, Par p.17)
1902 In Alaska Felix Pedro, an Italian miner, discovered gold northeast of Chenoa City. Miners surged in from the Fortymile and Klondike goldfields.
(SFEC, 2/8/98, p.T7)
1902 The Society of American Magicians was formed at Martinka & Co. Magic supply House in NYC. The shop later became Flosso-Hornmann Magic.
(SFC, 10/2/03, p.A19)
1902 In Wyoming James Cash Penney opened his first Golden Rule Store for clothes, shoes and dry goods in Kemmerer. It grew to a chain and was renamed J.C. Penney in 1913. By 1929 there were 1,395 stores in the chain.
(WSJ, 3/31/98, p.A1)
1902 Ben Willis developed clothing for his Arctic explorations and founded Willis & Geiger Outfitters.
(NH, 9/96, p.17)
1902 The first Audubon Society sanctuary was established at Cuthbert Lake, Florida, to protect egrets and herons from plume hunters.
(T&L, 10/1980, p.12)
1902 Charles Palmer Davis founded the Weekly Reader to help educate students on current events.
(SSFC, 7/7/02, Par p.8)
1902 Goodwill Industries was founded to help the needy find and keep jobs.
(SSFC, 6/23/02, Par p.12)
1902 Ideals of the Woodcraft Indians was founded by Ernest Seton.
(HNQ, 7/1/98)
1902 Alfred Stieglitz founded the Photo-Secession.
(Civilization, July-Aug. 1995, p.40-47)
1902 Ronald Ross (1857-1932), an English physician, won the Nobel Prize for his work on malaria. His story is part of the 1997 novel "The Calcutta Chromosome: A Novel of Fevers, Delirium and Discovery" by Amitav Ghosh. In 2003 Fiammetta Rocco authored "The Miraculous Fever Tree: Malaria and the Quest for a Cure That Changed the World."
(WUD, 1994, p.1245)(SFEC,10/26/97, BR p.8)(WSJ, 8/26/03, p.D5)
1902 Emil Fischer won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He is considered as the founder of the science of carbohydrate chemistry.
(SFC, 10/24/03, p.E4)
1902 Pieter Zeeman (b.1865), Dutch physicist (Zeeman effect), won the Nobel Prize.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1902 President Theodore Roosevelt said he would intervene in a coal strike: "I knew that this action would form an evil precedent, and that it was one which I should take most reluctantly." The strike settled without intervention.
(HNQ, 12/23/02)
1902 The Secret Service assumed full-time responsibility for protection of the President. Two operatives were assigned full time to the White House Detail.
(
http://www.ustreas.gov/usss/history.shtml)
1902 Oliver Wendell Holmes, a Harvard Law Professor, was appointed to the US Supreme Court. He served to 1932.
(SFC, 9/25/99, p.A20)
1902 The US Newlands Act established the Bureau of Reclamation and began to enact some of the ideas of John Wesley Powell concerning control of water resources in 17 western states. Results included the Newlands Irrigation Project in Nevada’s Fallon area that diverted water from the Carson and Truckee Rivers to new farmland.
(HFA, ‘96, p.128)(SFEC, 7/9/00, DB p.67)(SFC, 12/28/02, p.A20)
1902 Sedona, Arizona, was founded. It was named after Sedona Schnebly, the daughter of one of the 1st settlers, wealthy landowner T. Carl Schnebly and his wife.
(SSFC, 2/8/04, p.C6)
1902 Walter and Ella Scott arrived in Barstow, Ca., using funds from Julian Gerard, a Manhattan banker and mining promoter. Scott had faked a gold mine in Death Valley. In 1904 Scott faked a theft and managed to get more funds from Albert Mussey Johnson, treasurer of the national Life Insurance Company in Chicago. Scott admitted his fraud in 1912.
(ON, 3/04, p.7)
1902 In the US Oregon became the first of 23 states to allow voters to place issues on the ballot in the form of initiatives.
(WSJ, 6/5/96, p.A14)
1902 In Hawaii Walter Dillingham, son of Benjamin, took over the Oahu Railway and Land Co, and launched the Hawaiian Dredging and Construction Co. It later became the Dillingham Corp.
(SFC, 10/28/98, p.A19)
1902 Train service between New York and Chicago began. In 1995 Amtrak’s "Broadway Limited" service made its final run.
(AP, 9/9/00)(MC, 9/9/01)
1902 Henry Leland reorganized Henry Ford Co. and renamed it Cadillac Motor Co.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)(Sky, 9/97, p.97)
1902 The New Jersey Ralston Health Club run by Webster Edgerley merged with Purina Mills, a food manufacturer run by Will Danforth, to form the Ralston-Purina Co. Ralston Breakfast Food had been manufactured by Purina and its success led to the merger.
(Arch, 5/04, p.32)
1902 Automobile disk brakes were patented.
(WSJ, 12/6/00, p.A20)
1902 The first motorized buses were introduced.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1902 Charles R. Debevoise invented the brassiere, but the market rejected it. No early bra did well until elastic came out in 1913. [see May 30, 1889]
(SFEC, 5/23/99, Z1 p.10)
1902 In Pittsburg, Texas, Rev. Burrell Cannon (d.1922), itinerant Baptist minister and inventor, built his Ezekial Airship and reportedly flew it for a short distance at a 12 foot altitude. The craft was destroyed on a rail car while enroute to the St. Louis World Fair.
(WSJ, 11/20/02, p.A1)
1902 Charles Dow, co-founder of the Wall Street Journal and inventor of the Dow Industrial averages, died.
(WSJ, 5/28/96, p. R-30)
1902 Caleb Bradham launched the Pepsi-Cola Co. from the backroom of his pharmacy in New Bern, N.C. He was awarded the Pepsi-Cola trademark in 1903. [see Jun 16, 1903]
(SFC, 2/18/98, p.B2)
1902 Parker Brothers brought table tennis to the US from Europe.
(SFEC, 7/4/99, Z1 p.8)
1902 Swift and Armour corporations came to Fort Worth, Texas, to build slaughter houses and meat packing plants.
(HT, 4/97, p.48)
1902 James Heddon, bee-keeper and inventor, attached hook and line to wooden plugs in the shape of minnows, frogs and mice. His lures became prime collector items.
(Hem, 8/95, p.96-97)
1902 The novelty Plato Clock was patented by Eugene Fitch of NYC. It resembled a lantern based on the story that Plato used a lantern-shaped clock while "looking for an honest man."
(SFC, 9/21/98, Z1 p.8)
1902 In Baltimore Babe Ruth entered St. Mary’s Industrial School for Boys at age 7. He was already smoking and drinking but was guided to adulthood by Brother Matthias.
(WSJ, 8/21/98, p.W13)
1902 The Soufriere volcano erupted on St. Vincent and 1,680 people were killed.
(SFC, 1/19/02, p.A14)
1902 Albert Bierstadt (b.1830), German-born American landscape painter, died. Grandiose images were his trademark.
(WSJ, 1/22/02, p.A18)
1902 Charles Lewis Tiffany (1812-1902), founder of the Tiffany & Co. jewelry business, died. His son, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1848-1933), made his name as an American painter, stained-glass artist, and glass manufacturer.
(HFA, ‘96, p.22)(AHD, p.1344)(HN, 2/18/98)(WSJ, 8/4/98, p.A13)
1902 Emile Zola (b.1840), French novelist, died by asphyxiation in his Paris apartment. In 1895 he began taking photographs and took some 7,000 pictures before his death.
(SFC, 12/29/00, p.C6)
1902 The British enacted a law that froze the number of Irish pubs at the existing level to help reduce drinking.
(WSJ, 3/17/99, p.A1)
1902 In England the Greenwich Foot Tunnel, a passageway under the Thames that to the Royal Naval College, was constructed.
(SFEC, 10/18/98, p.T9)
1902 Arthur Keen created Guest, Keen & Nettlefolds Ltd., after acquiring Dowlais Iron in Wales and Nettlefolds. The company became the worlds largest producer of nails, nuts and bolts.
(WSJ, 3/16/04, p.A8)
1902 Arthur Balfour became the Prime Minister of Great Britain.
(Smith., 5/95, p.122)
1902 In Italy the Campanile in the Piazza San Marco in Venice collapsed.
(HT, 5/97, p.24)
1902 The African Standard was inaugurated at the completion of the East African Railway from the Indian Ocean port of Mombasa to Lake Victoria. It was launched by A.M. Jeevanjee, a Karachi-born trader. Jeevanjee sold the paper in 1905 to two British businessmen, who changed the name to the East African Standard and in 1910 moved its headquarters to Nairobi. A few months before independence in 1963, the British-based Lonrho Group bought the newspaper. In 1977, it became a tabloid and the name was changed to the Standard. In 1995 Lonrho sold its controlling interest to the Standard Newspapers Group Limited, a company in which prominent Kenyan politicians are believed to have considerable interests. The name was changed back to the East African Standard.
(AP, 11/15/02)
1902 In Malta the 6,000 year-old Hypogeum, a complex of rock-cut chamber tombs, was discovered.
(SFEC, 9/17/00, p.T3)
1902 Senegalese religious leader Sheikh Ahmadou Bamba returned to Touba and launched one of Senegal's main Muslim brotherhoods, the Mourides.
(AP, 4/22/03)
1902 Abdul Aziz (Ibn Saud) recaptured Riyadh.
(WSJ, 11/13/01, p.A14)
1902 Thailand annexed 3 southern provinces, Pattani, Yala and Narathiwat, that had been part of a Malay Muslim sultanate called the Kingdom of Pattani.
(SFC, 1/23/04, p.A7)(Econ, 6/4/05, p.40)
1902-1904 Charles Ives composed his "Ragtime Dances."
(WSJ, 6/16/98, p.A1)
1902-1932 Doulton pottery in Burslem produced Doulton Burslem wares. They used a lion and crown as an insignia. They made bone china from 1928-1957. China was stamped with a number indicating year of manufacture with "1" representing the year 1928.
(SFC,12/17/97, Z1 p.16)
1902-1975 Frank Day, Native American Maidu painter. He depicted the customs of his tribe and his work included "Starwoman" (1975). He made some 200 paintings with tape-recorded interpretations and stories.
(SFEM, 4/20/97, p.6)
1902-1977 Trevor Bardette (b.Nov 19, d.Nov 28 at 75), Actor, Wyatt Earp’s Old Man Clanton.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1902-1978 Harold Lasswell, American sociologist, declares that the communication theorist must always answer the question "Who says what to whom with what effect?"
(V.D.-H.K.p.356)
1902-1984 Jessamyn West, American author: "I seem to be the only person in the world who doesn’t mind being pitied. If you love me, pity me."
(AP, 9/18/00)
1902-1985 Fernand Braudel (b.Aug 24, d.Nov 28 at 83), French historian and educator. He was one of the most important historiographers of the 20th century: "History may be divided into three movements: what moves rapidly, what moves slowly and what appears not to move at all."
(AP, 9/5/97)(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1902-1989 Sidney Hook, American philosopher and author. "Tolerance always has limits—it cannot tolerate what is itself actively intolerant."
(AP, 3/28/97)
1902-1994 Louis Nizer, American lawyer: "A man who works with his hands is a laborer; a man who works with his hands and his brain is a craftsman; but a man who works with his hands and his brain and his heart is an artist."
(AP, 5/10/99)
