Let's pretend that for whatever reason, an electoral loss or neutrality for example, Woodrow Wilson would not have been there when the Paris peace treaty was made, thus he would never have made his Fourteen Points.
Everything depends on how peace comes about, so if the US isn't at war, then a much more favorable CP peace comes about through a war of exhaustion.
Let's take another example here - Hughes winning the 1916 elections. If the USA would have joined the war in this case, how would it have impacted the peace negotiations?
Charles Evans Hughes was as anti-war as Wilson and may well, through butterflies, keep the US out of the war. If not, and the US takes a similar path to war, he still will have a presence at the peace and press for US interests, though no League of Nations or 14 points (both Wilson's idea). That means a different path to peace though, as without the 14 points, Germany won't be agreeing to peace on those terms. Peace then may take a little longer than November 11th, but not much. I still have a hard time believing that
Hughes would be in favor of the treaty of Versailles, as it went against the idea of an imperialist peace. Without wasting his bargaining position to get the League of Nations agreed to by the other powers Hughes could get a more lenient peace for the CPs, especially if he were willing to leverage loans to support his position. This was more in the interest of the US, as evidenced by the US not signing the treaty of Versailles and taking until the 1920s to work out a separate deal with Germany.
How do these peace condition revisions look like?
1. Italy gains the entirety of Dalmatian coast.
2. Poland much smaller and no "corridor" (as Wilson's points demanded sea access).
3. A part of Germany, for example East Prussia, created as a state protected by League of Nations (similar to Saar; In autumn 1918 France had thoughts of dividing Germany to a weak union of several nations).
4. Saar directly annexed to France.
5. Dividing the Ottoman Empire, are there any possible new nations to create in Anatolia?
1.No, no one but Italy wanted that and the Allies intended to go back on that promise in favor of Serbia.
Edit: Most likely it wouldn't be possible if the US was neutral, as the peace would probably end in negotiations. Also without the US and its loans Italy would probably ask for a cease fire after Caporetto.
2.Not sure about that if the Allies win. If they lose/negotiate, then yes, Poland will be smaller and a German puppet.
3.Very, very hard to imagine. Germany would need to be conquered WW2 style for that to happen.
4.Again very hard to see, as neither the US nor Britain wanted to see French hegemony on the continent. If there is no US in the war, the French cannot get it, if the US is in the war, they and the Brits would not allow it.
5.No, they tried to carve up Turkey after the war, but couldn't militarily force it.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Sèvres
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Lausanne