Guerrilla resistance is highly likely.
Guerrilla resistance which successfully forces out the US occupiers is much less likely.
There's a tendency to assume that guerrillas can force out any occupying power. That's mostly a reflection of post-Vietnam, televised era warfare, where the public will to sustain casualties is low and the reluctance to engage in harsh measures to suppress guerrillas is high.
Historically speaking, most guerrilla campaigns failed unless they had safe havens where they could not be pursued, or an outside power providing arms and other supplies. Preferably both.
Well there are Spanish and Amerindian descent that we are speaking here, guerrilla warfare is in the DNA.
But more seriously, it´s all depend in what year this is Done, you have to remember that until 1838 the countries that constitutes Central america were in a federation (
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Central_America) that in case of a USA intervention or invasion during this period could galvanize his fractured nature and give the Federation a new life, nothing united more the people that a external threat.
If this was done in 1840-1850, these countries still have memories of the federation and when William Walker, the filibuster, tried to conquest Nicaragua, the countries automatically form a coalition to expel the invasion.
After that i see difficult that USA make and attempted invasion, as @
metalinvader665 say most countries of C.A. after this age are client states anyway and a outright invasion will be meet with open hostility and weapons, instead the passive resignation that where the common state of the peasants in this epoch.
1860 is highly unlikely as the USA internal affair are in Boiling point so there is little interest and capacity to international Expedition and Affairs.
1870 is the reconstruction era, again the USA are immersed in his internal problems, international expeditions are unlikely
1880 there are open Hostility to every intervention from the USA in Central America, by Chile the Principal Sea power of the Pacific in this age strong enough, until 1891, to repel the invasion forces and supplies the resistance forces (
http://www.ijnhonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/pdf_tromben_english.pdf5)
After 1891, well USA could but Why they going to do it? this is the ages of the Spanish-american war, and you couldn´t at the same time be fighting for the liberty of the last colonies of America and trying to conquest Free countries to convert them in your colonies, well you could, but the backlash will be tremendous and the USA navy it´s not strong enough if France, England or even Germany decide to intervene