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Actually, the title of this thread simplifies the question I am trying to ask. Whenever someone posts a thread asking about the possibility of the Vikings or Slavs or Balts retaining paganism, it will inevitably be argued that the prestige, organization, and theology of Christianity would make such a scenario very difficult to achieve. That said, was it inevitable that the Germans and other tribal peoples of Europe would have eventually adopted whatever religion became dominant in the Roman Empire in Late Antiquity? Would the same argument apply in the case of Manichaeism, Mithraism, the cult of Sol Invictus, Neoplatonic Hellenistic monotheism, or any other religion that could have plausibly become dominant in the Roman Empire? And to flip things around, could Christianity still have become popular among the Germanic tribes had Rome remained strictly pagan?
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