Would Fascism still take root in Europe if there was no Mussolini?

Let's say that at some point before his rise to power, Mussolini either dies, gets captured, or just remains a communist, preventing fascism to take root in Italy. Would the ideology still exist in some form and become popular? What nations would be affected and how?
 
Inevitably, certain European countries are going to turn to a form of Fascism (whether it's called that or not). If Workers or Trade Unions get particularly uppity, the ruling class in places like Romania or Hungary will bring in authoritarian regimes as militarist strike-breakers, as happened in the OTL 1920s and 30s.
 
Still have Franco in Spain. His form was a reaction against Communism in Spain, greater nationalism, and protection of the Church against liberals.

Still would have reactionary nationalist governments in Germany, most likely the Nazis
 
Still have Franco in Spain. His form was a reaction against Communism in Spain, greater nationalism, and protection of the Church against liberals.

Still would have reactionary nationalist governments in Germany, most likely the Nazis
I guess that the Nazis could take root in Germany. I doubt that Hitler would be leader however. His attempt at having a revolt similar to Mussolini's march on Rome (what we now know as the Beer hall putsch) was basically a stepping stone for him to eventually become leader of Germany and the Nazis.
 
Fascism did not create extreme nationalism. Extreme nationalism created fascism. What do I mean? Given the conditions of the world after World War I, some form of extreme nationalism was bound to rise, especially in the rise of threats to said nationalism such as Communism. For example, National Socialism is only 1/2 fascist. The rest of it is Hitler's gobbledygook. That 1/2 could easily be replaced by more of Hitler's gobbledygook.

Even today, we have extreme nationalists, though they don't openly call themselves fascists.
 
A lot of the Futurists are still around, and that means protofascism is still around. Does it get to prominence? Not necessarily, no, but it's still not impossible.
 
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