Tupac Amaru II was an indigenous noble and political leader who claimed to be descended from the last emperor of the Neo-Inca state, Tupac Amaru, who was captured and executed in 1572. The indigenous population in the colonies had long been oppressed, with conditions not exactly great. Tupac decided on rebellion and after attending a banquet in which the local governor was present, captured him and hanged him, after an unsuccessful escape attempt. Letters were written to several Spaniards and kuracas, who witnessed the execution. Tupac went on to raise a large army, but he failed to link up with the Aymara rebels, failed to instill discipline in his troops after Sangarara, alienating almost all criollos, and failed to seize on an opportunity to seize Cuzco before the Spanish reinforced it. He was eventually caught and executed, though the rebellion would continue some time after. What if he had been able to instill stricter discipline, and captured Cuzco, starting a chain-reaction of events that leads to a Spanish withdrawal from Peru, as well as boosting the morale of other concurrent movements in the Spanish Americas at the time? If the revolt starts draining Spanish manpower, then there is a chance for more rebellions to sprout up, perhaps from the elite of Buenos Aires, discontented from the Bourbon reforms? It would also allow the revolt of the Comuneros in New Granada to succeed as well. Furthermore, it's not impossible that Tupac had heard of the cause of the Americans and some of the ideals of the Enlightenment, considering how radical it appeared at the time. He may also have been hinging on some support from the British, which has the potential to drastically increase if Tupac can gain access to the coast, and the two powers of Spain and Britain had been at war concerning the former's support of the American rebels, so the motivation is there. That would be the height of irony, Spain supporting a war that started because of taxes now having to deal with a rebellion motivated by taxes supported by the nation that had it's own rebels that it had to fight a war against. Anyway, this post has been far too long, but I await your thoughts.