These companies mostly died out during the Napleonic wars, and the Brit one a few decades afterward. But what if they didn't and survived well into the Industrial Revolution and were strong on eve of WW1. This would require the sort of sublte series of PODs which bought about the industrial revolution, so plausibility is an issue, but what if it did happen? Perhaps some of the mistakes we see in hindsight were avoided, they conducted their business better to maintain profitability, they conducted some mergers rather than competed with each other and used these mergers as a way of avioding being destroyed in Europe's wars? I don't know, but suspect that there is a web of entangled factors which led to their near simultaneous collapse.
With these companies intact would colonialism retain it's indirect rule character, and remain a profitable enterprise? Would the Scramble for Africa still occur? W/Could these companies be at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution, perhaps gaining a monopoly on Mid East oil? How would nationalism affect them? Etc, etc, etc.