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The
Safavid Empire ruled Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan and parts of several other countries including Syria and Turkey in the 18th century.
Safavid Iran at its' height
This is a scenario where Safavid Iran managed to survives into 20th century, rather than collapsed and usurped by the Afsharids.
What would the world be like today if the Safavid Empire still existed in the modern world? And how would it fared in 20th century?