WI Osmanli Monarchy survives ?

In our world, Sultan Mehmet Vahidetin basically chose the wrong side during Turkish war of independence, and his choice and the failure that followed ultimately became an excuse for Kemal to eventually abolish monarchy, and the following "necessity" to divorce from Turkey's "traditional" Islamic past.

Contrary to popular belief however, Kemal didn't really ideologically loathe the monarchy, nor Islam, and in fact actually tried to court Sultan into his camp. However, he didn't succeed at it, and eventually he abolished the monarchy, and along with it, the Caliphate, consequently drove him to find new basis for the rump post-ottoman state of Turkey the radical way, with rather far reaching consequences that aren't always apparent from today's observers...

Pass which certain point did the abolition of the monarchy become inevitable ? What if the Sultan had sided with Kemal instead of the occupation forces ? And how things will become down the line with Ottoman monarchy still retained ? IOTL, the dissolution of Caliphate ignited significant reaction from worldwide muslim community, especially India with the Khilafat Movement. In Indonesia, the dissolution of Caliphate undermined the charisma of Pan-Islamism, driving some intellectuals to search for alternatives, and eventually paved the way for communism to make inroads into Indonesian intellectuals, which will crucially shape Indonesian history down the line... That's to name few examples, not counting things like, say, the role of Salafism will take in filling in the vacuum that was left by Ottoman-championed Pan-Islamism IOTL....

Therefore, how different would things have become with the still-presence of Caliphate ? How things would have turned out to be in India, Indonesia, Middle east, etc ? This is not the usual Ottoman-surviving scenario where Salafism eventually gets stomped by the Ottomans, for example. On the other hand, this world won't see the collapse of Islamic cultural and political confidence as the result of its repression by Kemalist Turkey, an example later followed by some of later regimes in Islamic world post-WW2. However, it will still see a grave damage being inflicted to the Caliphate's prestige for losing most of its territories in the Great War. With those factors in the equation, I wonder how the future will play out for Turkey and Islamic world in this scenario...
 
Sultan or no sultan, any person in charge of Turkey in those decades with a bit of salt in his head would recognize the needs for modernization programs, building infrastructure and being neutral in any upcoming wider military conflicts ( If Kemal Ataturk and Ismet Inonu kept Turkey out of WW2 I don't see why any prudent sultan wouldn't as well ).

And for pan.Islamism with still existing Caliphate behind it would not be that important as well, at least not as long as Soviet Union existed. They certainly wouldn't allow any active agitation of a movement that can influence their numerous muslim populations.
 
Sultan or no sultan, any person in charge of Turkey in those decades with a bit of salt in his head would recognize the needs for modernization programs, building infrastructure and being neutral in any upcoming wider military conflicts ( If Kemal Ataturk and Ismet Inonu kept Turkey out of WW2 I don't see why any prudent sultan wouldn't as well ).

And for pan.Islamism with still existing Caliphate behind it would not be that important as well, at least not as long as Soviet Union existed. They certainly wouldn't allow any active agitation of a movement that can influence their numerous muslim populations.

We can count out Sultan as a person of any power at all in this scenario, unless when it comes to spiritual authority over the muslims, which is the main difference from OTL here.

If Kemal would be the one in charge, I can still see him pursuing for cordial relations with Soviet Union as IOTL, which means he will hold back any active agitation attempt to incite muslim population against the Soviet. And as long as Kemal is in charge, that will likely continue...

Pan-Islamism will see a period of further setback, at most until decolonization kicks off. But it won't gonna be essentially destroyed as IOTL. And I think it will somewhat hinder the spread of communism in Muslim world, or at least attempts for Islamic Leftism will likely to be more successful, at least during the Inter War Period....

One of the largest impacts for the muslim world and Turkey would be cultural. With Islam remains as the basis of rump Turkish state (will still be called Ottoman rather than Turkey here, at least by them), that means Kemal won't go stomping native Islamic culture of Turkey and committing radical westernization and "de-Arabization" to "go back to Turkic roots". And there is no reason to translate that as no modernization at all. Building of Infrastructures will be there, but there won't be the unnecessarily radical language reform that he did IOTL, only picking up what's left from the on going Ottoman language reform, and that also means retainment of Arabic script. And we will see the improvement of women's right without the banning of hijab. This will prevent the jabs against Islamic cultural confidence that happened so often IOTL, and thus the on going sustainable process to adapt Islamic culture into modernity will continue, instead of being stopped by Kemal as IOTL (though I guess it's not exactly what he intended to do), and this will seriously diverge TTL's Islamic intellectual development down the line from OTL's...
 
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