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What if, upon the death of Pope Alexander II in 1073, the cardinals in Rome do not select his right hand man, Hildebrand of Sovona, but decide upon selecting somebody more acceptable to Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV (maybe even Guibert of Ravenna, OTL's Antipope)? Point being, none of the "reform" faction holds the position for at least the remainder of the 11th Century.
What changes? For a simple starter, this means no First Crusade, or at least making it less likely. But how else is history changed if we don't see the Gregorian Reforms during this period -- reinforcing clerical celibacy, reforming the calendar, marriage...? And what else of the more immediate political effects -- would this mean, under Henry IV, that the Holy Roman Empire might become more centralized? And what would be the effects of that?