Civil wars ? ... why ?
When the Marshall Plan began, european economic recovery was already on its way. The Marshall plan only ... gave it a lil' shove and speeded it a bit up.
Without it the growth rates of the european economies between 1948 and 1953 might have been a bit lower, probably especially in Britain and France as the by far biggest receivers (what might have lead to a 'relative' economical 'lead' of Germany even earlier than IOTL (?). But groeth would have been there.
However, the Marshall plan was also a massive propaganda machine, causing a largely pro-US-american popular culture (
as far as some germans calling Germany the 51st state of the US ... and were proud of). This wouldn't be the case ITTL. Possible consequences :
- WEU (Western European Union) becomming an effective reality as an military alliance, causing more of a partnership with the US than the US dominated NATO
- possibly another outcome of the Stalin notes regarding the german reunification in 1952 with a reunified but neutral/'scandinavianised? Germany
There would probably a LOT of other changes too, but benerally :
much less influence of the US in political, military, economical and - last but not least - cultural terms.