According to the 2001 census, 77% of Crimean inhabitants named Russian as their native language, 11.4% – Crimean Tatar, and 10.1% – Ukrainian.
[17] Of the Ukrainians in Crimea, 40% gave
Ukrainian as their native language, with 60% identifying as ethnic Ukrainians while giving Russian as their primary language. 93% of Crimean Tatars gave
Crimean Tatar as their native language, 6% were
Russophone.
[18] In 2013, however, the Crimean Tatar language was estimated to be on the brink of extinction, being taught in Crimea only in around 15 schools at that point of time. Turkey has provided the greatest support to Ukraine, which has been unable to resolve the problem of education in the mother tongue in Crimea, by bringing the schools to a modern state.
[19] Ukrainian was until 2014 the single
official state language countrywide, but in Crimea government business was carried out mainly in
Russian. Attempts to
expand the usage of Ukrainian in education and government affairs have been less successful in Crimea than in other areas of the nation.
[20]
Currently two thirds of migrants into Crimea are from other regions of Ukraine; every fifth migrant is from elsewhere in the former Soviet Union and every 40th from outside of it. Three quarters of those leaving Crimea move to other areas in Ukraine. Every 20th migrates to the West.
[17]
The number of Crimean residents who consider Ukraine their
motherland increased sharply from 32% to 71.3% from 2008 through 2011; according to a poll by
Razumkov Center in March 2011,
[21] although this is the lowest number in all Ukraine (93% on average across the country).
[21] Surveys of regional identities in Ukraine have shown that around 30% of Crimean residents claim to have retained a self-identified "
Soviet identity".
[22]