When did French loans started taking place and effect IOTL? So to better understand when Russia would be weaker.
To add on this would there be immediate changes? Like during the Russian-Turkish war(if it´s not butterflied)? Different colonization patterns?
The loans started towards the end of the 1880s, so it wouldn't affect the Russian-Turkish war. France didn't immediately pursue an alliance with Russia following the war. Rather, they spent a few years trying rapprochement with Germany before switching to Russia as Russo-German differences mounted and France saw an opportunity to sever those ties completely. That would, IMO, still happen to some extent - Russia and Germany were growing increasingly distant, so much so that the few attempts at Royal diplomacy (directly between Wilhelm and Nicholas) were politely ignored by both nations' governments.
The first war where I could see butterflies would be the Russo-Japanese war. With less money, the trans-Siberian might be even less complete than OTL (not that the railroad was good, mind, but it was better than nothing).
France might try appeasement longer, but it is unlikely to work. If there's one constant to the period it's that German diplomacy was awful. That said, an alliance with Britain is uncertain, too - it was OTL.