Depends. Does he succeed?
Say his revolt is wiped out very quickly, by a local garrison.
Christianity would either be ignored by the Roman government or they could crack down on it, but the former is more likely than the latter considering how much it would cost to put down some expensive revolt. Christianity could very well spread like IRL, but with a stronger militaristic backdrop and a possible justification for later Christian revolts across the Empire and well into the middle ages by the Papacy and Christian kingdoms.
If his revolt is moderately successful, perhaps conquering the entire Decapolis and Levant, the Romans would be pressed to strike him down, and begin crackdown on Christianity at large. They can't risk a huge, separatist, hostile religion right next to the bread-basket of the empire (Egypt).
If he's wildly successful, perhaps conquering lower Egypt and the entire Levant+Southern Anatolia, then it would deliver a huge blow the Roman Empire. Chances are that it would collapse after 50-odd years, but the creation of a 'Christian Empire' would lead to later Church Leaders promoting more violent doctrine and conquest against Pagan empires, citing the conquests of the Christ in their justifications.
Or, the Romans could aggressively & violently retake the Levant, massacring Christians & Jews and expelling them even earlier than otl, possibly weakening the Jewish identity as a domino effect. Rome's pagan religious institutions grow more jingoistic,.