WI - independent regions of Britain?

We are all probably aware that the UK is composed of four constituent nations - England,Scotland,Wales and Northern Ireland. A number of protectorates also comprise the greater UK which can be easily researched on Wikipedia. I’ll provide a link later. However throughout the history of the British Isles there have been numerous independent polities post Roman era most notably during the “dark ages” and the early medieval period.

In your opinion what other “constituent” or independent nations may have existed for longer or may still exist with a POD after 500 c.e? Also please consider or postulate nations that never existed in OTL but may exist in an ATL....
 
Well, in SubRoman Britain you have:
  • Pictish kingdoms of Scotland
  • Irish kingdom of Dal Riata in western Scotland
  • Cumbric kingdoms of Yr Hen Ogledd - mainly Gododdin, Strathclyde, Rheged/Cumbria, and Gwynnedd
  • Irish-Brittonic kingdoms of south Wales
  • Dumnonian/Cornovian kingdoms including Cornwall
  • Anglian Northumbrian kingdoms
  • Anglian Southumbrian kingdoms
  • Saxon and Jutish Saxon kingdoms
  • The peripheral island kingdoms that came under later Norse influence -Orkneys, Hebrides, Mann
Ireland is messier but can be considered the 4 compass points plus an occasional central kingdom. The north and east can be affected by its GB neighbours.

It depends what the pod butterflies as to how these coalesce, dominate/conquer their neighbours, and come under external influence.
OTL Wales is essentially formed out of Gwynnedd being cut off from the other Cumbrian powers.
England is basically Norse Influenced Northumbria plus Greater Wessex
Scotland is Dalriata plus Picts plus Strathclyde plus Lothian (Northumbrian Gododdin).
Ireland is the four provinces with varying degrees of Norse/Norwegian, Scottish, Manx, Welsh, English influence, plus strong religious influence (hence current mostly Protestant North, mostly Catholic South)
 
Well, in SubRoman Britain you have:
  • Pictish kingdoms of Scotland
  • Irish kingdom of Dal Riata in western Scotland
  • Cumbric kingdoms of Yr Hen Ogledd - mainly Gododdin, Strathclyde, Rheged/Cumbria, and Gwynnedd
  • Irish-Brittonic kingdoms of south Wales
  • Dumnonian/Cornovian kingdoms including Cornwall
  • Anglian Northumbrian kingdoms
  • Anglian Southumbrian kingdoms
  • Saxon and Jutish Saxon kingdoms
  • The peripheral island kingdoms that came under later Norse influence -Orkneys, Hebrides, Mann
Ireland is messier but can be considered the 4 compass points plus an occasional central kingdom. The north and east can be affected by its GB neighbours.

It depends what the pod butterflies as to how these coalesce, dominate/conquer their neighbours, and come under external influence.
OTL Wales is essentially formed out of Gwynnedd being cut off from the other Cumbrian powers.
England is basically Norse Influenced Northumbria plus Greater Wessex
Scotland is Dalriata plus Picts plus Strathclyde plus Lothian (Northumbrian Gododdin).
Ireland is the four provinces with varying degrees of Norse/Norwegian, Scottish, Manx, Welsh, English influence, plus strong religious influence (hence current mostly Protestant North, mostly Catholic South)

This is a good list. Obviously you have chosen not to list a number of kingdoms and have used sub headings such as the Saxon kingdoms because frankly as you clearly know the list would suddenly become far larger and complicated. But thank you for your excellent synopsis. So the question remains could you envisage (again the pod is your choice) any of these polities surviving beyond their otl and even until the modern day?

Could a Pictland polity have survived or could Norse influence in the north been maintained for far longer? Could any of the Saxon kingdoms endured? Could a resurgence Rheged continued independently or been at the vanguard of a Cumbric/Brittonic reconquista?
 
Thanks Nomis.
I have 2 scenarios:
1) lesser plague + unified leadership gives stronger Brittonic population and limits Germanic settlement westward. Eventually the Brythonic west fractures into Cumbric and Southwest kingdoms, and the Angles and Saxons solidify into 2 kingdoms with the Anglian one coming under Dane influence/settlement
2) Norman Conquest pod leads to independent Northumbria that's occasionally in union with Scotland.
 
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What if the boundary between Wessex and Cornwall had instead been at the river Exe, or even as Far East as the longitude of the Anglo-Welsh border? That way you could have an independent kingdom of Cornwall lasting well into the High Middle Ages, the Cornish language would survive, and the Cornish would be their own Home Nation.

Also, what if Orkney and Shetland, rather than being acquired by Scotland in the fifteenth century, had instead only been acquired by Britain, say, during the Napoleonic wars before being incorporated into the UK by the act of Union. In this scenario, the Norn language survives and the northern isles are considered their own home nation.
 
Does it have to be post-500 CE? Because otherwise you can include Coel Hen, and the Hen Oggled. (Or Old North), which is basically N.England and S.Scotland. Similar region to Northumbria, but pre-Saxon, and arguably Romano-Cumbric.
 
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