WI: Independent British Somaliland?

Ismail

Banned
In OTL the State of Somaliland (formerly known as British Somaliland) and Italian Somalia went independent and united to form, well, Somalia. What conditions would allow the State of Somaliland to go independent without joining its Italian-held counterpart? Obviously the biggest issue would be somehow averting or suppressing the widespread Pan-Somali sentiment at the time. In addition what would the effects be?
 

Ismail

Banned
News articles from 1960: http://somalilandpress.com/somaliland-independence-26th-june-1960-the-world-press-6954

From the 1961 book Africa, Angry Young Giant, pp. 154-155, 157:
Ex-British Somaliland cannot have changed much since the 'Mad Mullah's' day. The region, which enjoyed a week of separate independence before uniting with Somalia on July 1, 1960, has no labour department, hotels, trade unions, railways, public debt, income tax, industries, newspapers, rivers, missionaries, dry cleaners or university (the Protectorate did not produce a secondary school graduate until 1957). There are exactly fourteen miles of paved road, one commercial cinema, two cities with piped water, three secondary schools, 780 hospital beds (85 per cent of the population over twenty years of age has tuberculosis), 1,177 motor vehicles, 330 telephones and eight post offices in a country twice the size of Austria with a population estimated at 700,000 (no census has ever been taken). There was no school at all for girls until 1953 and only this year will the territory's crack military regiment, the Somali Scouts, receive its first two Sandhurst-trained Somali officers. A colourful 900-man para-military organization called the 'Illalos' (a Somali word meaning 'protection'), which comes under the six district commissioners, combines with the Somaliland Police to keep the peace among this turbulent people....

Ex-British Somaliland is so poor that relatives of long-term prisoners are transported at government expense to visit their incarcerated kinsmen. Although a bit of beryl, mica, columbite and tin is exported, and three companies are prospecting for oil, the mass of the people are dependent upon their flocks (6 million sheep, 4 million camels, 2 million goats and 250,000 cattle) for their livelihoods. Only about three hundred square miles are suitable for farming and on this sorghum is cultivated. Exports, almost entirely limited to livestock and hides and skins (others: frankincense, guano), are worth only £1.4 million while ex-British Somaliland's imports cost her about 4 million. To scrape together funds for a pitiable annual budget of £2.1 million, the Protectorate received an outright grant from Britain of 40 per cent of this sum. And this did not include maintenance of the Somali Scouts (£1.5 million from 1950 to 1958) or schemes financed by the Colonial Development and Welfare Acts (£3.3. million between 1945 and 1960)....

In May 1960 a four-man delegation led by Egal, who is thirty-two, visited London for discussions with Colonial Secretary Iain Macleod. In an imaginative move which met the desires of the Somalis if it had little to recommend it from an economist's point of view, Britain quickly agreed to grant independence to British Somaliland on June 26, with the understanding that the protectorate would unite with an independent Somalia on July 1. It was also agreed that Britain would give the former Protectorate £1.5 million in aid during its first year of independence (aid may or may not be continued and, in any case, will be subjected to an annual review), that a U.K. Aid Mission would be established for six months, that British personnel would continue to serve with the Somaliland Scouts for the same period, and that the B.B.C. relay station at Berbera would continue in operation.
 
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