WI: Entente Bulgaria and Greece in the Central Powers

Okay, so I don't know enough about Bulgaria to be able to think up a good POD for them joining the Entente, however, I do know that the king of Greece was related to Kaiser Wilhelm II and was heavily sympathetic to the German cause.

So, let's say that, for some reason, Greece joins the Central Powers while Bulgaria joins the Entente in WW1. Assuming the Entente is still victorious (which isn't that much of a stretch), how does this affect the borders and political climate of the Balkan nations (especially those of Greece and Bulgaria)? How about if the butterflies from this switcharoo, by some miracle, are large enough to cause a Central Powers Victory in an extremely indirect manner (which is probably ridiculously implausible, but it'd be interesting to examine)?

Anyone else interested in the ramifications of this scenario?
 

BigBlueBox

Banned
Bulgaria will get everything it wanted from the First Balkan War that Greece ended up taking instead. Bulgaria will probably take part of Albania too, resulting in the dream of access to three seas (Black Sea, Aegean Sea, Adriatic Sea).
 
Greece will probably have its monarchy replaced, either by a republic or by a royal friendlier to the Entente Powers. Greece had already dabbled in republicanism so it is no stretch.
 
There is a reason even an abject Germanophile like Constantine stuck with neutrality in OTL, at least till he was finally kicked out. Namely nearly everything important in Greece is within sight of naval artillery and the country is dependent on food imports. Now who was controlling the seas?
 

gurgu

Banned
the only moment for bulgaria to join the entente would be the gallipoli battle entering while the battle is on going would make the entente win since the turks would retreat in fear of being surrounded so let's use it as pod( i'll make sure greece is with the cp).

april 1915: the battle starts as OTL
june 1915: after waiting a while the bulgarian tsar sees the opportunity to retake the catalja line and even Constantinople by joining the entente, also hoping for a negotiation with serbia about macedonia in case of gain in vojvodina or bosnia
july 1915 : the bulgarian government enters with the entente and after mobilizing it's great army( almost a quarter of the bulgarian male population) send a half in help of the serbian army while the other half rushes in Thrace.
half july 1915: the battle of gallipoli is won from the entente, the turkis army is retreating towards costantinople to prevent a bulgarian occupation
august 1915: battle of costantinople begins, with bulgaria and the british/french(+ colonies) reinforcements from gallipoli on against the turks and some german/austrian troops.The turkish army, cut off from it's CP allies can't receive enough supplies and soon it's situation is almost even worse than the russian one.
Meanwhile in Serbia the serbo-bulgarian troops have retake one again Belgrade while the fresh supplies from british/french aid start coming, increasing the morale of the troops.
september 1915: the bulgarian major general( just appointed) vladimir vazov Gains his name in glory by leading the troops under he's command to victory in the second battle of kolubara( and from now all the former AH people use the word kolubara as evil eye) by first resisisting the massive artillery attack and then launching a counter attack and capturing almost 100k AH/germans soldiers while killing even more with this victory the Bulgarian tsar personally appointed him as marshall and manage to make him take full command of the austrian front.
october 1915: after a long fight, entente troops manage finally to make a breach into the city world's men desire but the victory is still far since even the women have started to fight on the street.
december 1915: the winter is cold and neither the austrian or the seb-bulgarian troops starts fight due to the harsh terrain. all the operation are suspended until better weather.
february 1916: After long negotiations Greece, after the promise of taking the entire macedonia/albania/bulgarian aegean coast, enters with the CP and invades the bulgarian and serbian territories without declarion of war
march 1916: after making a victorius advance with almost nor resistance( all the armies were on the front) finally an army (detached from costantinople) lead by george milne and georgi todorov stops the greek before cutting the supplie lines of alexandrople toward serbia.
april 1916: Costantinople is conquered after the remaining troops and population( almost 50% died) surrendered, with th entente army capturing kemal ataturk
june 1916: Vladimir Vazov, after restarting the battles on the serbian front is able to take several victories and further advance but due to enourmous front he stops to prevent the Austrian counterattack and eventual penetration, this strategy will later award him
july 1916: the greek army shows it's incompetence and is defeated after several attacks despite having almost twice the forces and starts a disastrous retreat.
September 1916: the ottomans empire after losing Constantinople and having the British/french troops occupying the first Anatolian cities surrenders with no condition, with all the rebellions in the middle east, the empire is officially dismantled.
November 1916: battle of Salonika, the greek forces are destroyed with several prisoners after the bulgarians forces from costaninople have arrived, the greek goverment surrenders and the king is exiled while the hellenic republic is proclaimed.
january 1917: all the balkanic forces are towards the serbian/austrian front, and russia is finally receiving some supplies but it's probably too late.
february 1917: the soviet revolution starts in russia while austria is losing on the balkan front, several riots in wien, budapest, berlin and many major cities of the CP.
march 1917: romania joins the entente.
april 1917: After some negotianons russia surrenders as OTL while the civil wars is on going
june 1917: even with the reinforcements the CP is still losing in th south while the germans are making some gains on the french front.
august 1917: after some discussion, both the kaiser and new austrian emperor agree for a conditional surrender acknowledging the impossibility to win the war, now that the USA are nearly to join.
september 1917: the war is officially over, with a victory for the entente.
1918:
  1. treaty of versailles: germany will loose all the colonies and renounce to the brest litovsk treaty, alsace-lorraine will go to france. While the french ask for a humilation the other members( especially tsar ferdinand I, who is cousing of the kaiser) opposes so.
  2. treaty of Wien: AH will loose bosnia, croatia,istria&trent, transylvania and the bohemian/polish region, while the union with hungary will continue.
  3. treaty of Sofia: OE, now turkey, loses all the european territories and the middle east, and the osmanoglu family is exiled; greece looses crete, corfu and everything north of salonika( included).
the winners gains:
  • England takes half the colonies and the German remaining fleet and half of the reparations are sent to the Germans
  • France takes a Alsace- Lorraine and few colonies due to their anger at the meeting and thus leaving as protest for the Victoire mutilée.
  • Italy takes as promised from the London pact all the trentino area, Istria, and a good portion of the dalmatian coast; while seizes the AH/Greek fleet( or at least what was left) and the German port of Qingdao in China. half of the debts are sent to the Austrians. Due to it's claim the king of italy gains Also jerusalem as kingdom.
  • Serbia takes all of Bosnia and Croatian while Montenegro merges in. war debts half to greece
  • Bulgaria takes the Greek territories to Salonika( renamed solun), and costantinople, renamed tsarigrad( the russians are unable to protest) but agrees to demilitarize the area.After long discussions the serbian goverment agrees to give 2/3 of Macedonia and pirot to the Third Bulgarian empire but with the sharing of the city of Ohrid( historically important for both the countries as first slav patriarchy and medieval capital).The war debts will go to turkey .
  • the countries of Bohemia and Poland are restored, Slovakia will remain as part of hungary while all the countries fried in the Brest litovsk are confirmed but as republics.
  • japan keeps the pacific conquests.
  • romania takes transylvanya while the bessarabia/ bucovina will form the moldavian nation
Serbia since controls the south/east slavs changes the name to istslavia( east slavia).
Bulgaria is the strongest nation of the balkans and retains a lot of prestige for saving the gallipoli landing( avoiding meany deaths) and for saving the serbian brothers. At the Versailles conference all the diplomats sent their regards to Vladimir Vazov as one of the greatest leaders, even the defeated general Mackensen will say later in 1930: " he's the only general able to defeat a german on the field in obvious inferioty, and will ever have my respect".
AH will suffer several riots on the street until the emperor karl I enable a constitutional parlamentar monarchy on english model to prevent a full rebellion like in russia, the same happens in Germany were the hohenzollerns manage to avoid the abdication.

TTL changes with no hitler nor mussolini in power but france will see a fascist rise and form an alliance with the defeated and also fascist nation greece and turkey( and japan) thus escalating to a full war against the rest of europe.
 
the only moment for bulgaria to join the entente would be the gallipoli battle entering while the battle is on going would make the entente win since the turks would retreat in fear of being surrounded so let's use it as pod( i'll make sure greece is with the cp).

april 1915: the battle starts as OTL
june 1915: after waiting a while the bulgarian tsar sees the opportunity to retake the catalja line and even Constantinople by joining the entente, also hoping for a negotiation with serbia about macedonia in case of gain in vojvodina or bosnia
july 1915 : the bulgarian government enters with the entente and after mobilizing it's great army( almost a quarter of the bulgarian male population) send a half in help of the serbian army while the other half rushes in Thrace.
half july 1915: the battle of gallipoli is won from the entente, the turkis army is retreating towards costantinople to prevent a bulgarian occupation
august 1915: battle of costantinople begins, with bulgaria and the british/french(+ colonies) reinforcements from gallipoli on against the turks and some german/austrian troops.The turkish army, cut off from it's CP allies can't receive enough supplies and soon it's situation is almost even worse than the russian one.
Meanwhile in Serbia the serbo-bulgarian troops have retake one again Belgrade while the fresh supplies from british/french aid start coming, increasing the morale of the troops.
september 1915: the bulgarian major general( just appointed) vladimir vazov Gains his name in glory by leading the troops under he's command to victory in the second battle of kolubara( and from now all the former AH people use the word kolubara as evil eye) by first resisisting the massive artillery attack and then launching a counter attack and capturing almost 100k AH/germans soldiers while killing even more with this victory the Bulgarian tsar personally appointed him as marshall and manage to make him take full command of the austrian front.
october 1915: after a long fight, entente troops manage finally to make a breach into the city world's men desire but the victory is still far since even the women have started to fight on the street.
december 1915: the winter is cold and neither the austrian or the seb-bulgarian troops starts fight due to the harsh terrain. all the operation are suspended until better weather.
february 1916: After long negotiations Greece, after the promise of taking the entire macedonia/albania/bulgarian aegean coast, enters with the CP and invades the bulgarian and serbian territories without declarion of war
march 1916: after making a victorius advance with almost nor resistance( all the armies were on the front) finally an army (detached from costantinople) lead by george milne and georgi todorov stops the greek before cutting the supplie lines of alexandrople toward serbia.
april 1916: Costantinople is conquered after the remaining troops and population( almost 50% died) surrendered, with th entente army capturing kemal ataturk
june 1916: Vladimir Vazov, after restarting the battles on the serbian front is able to take several victories and further advance but due to enourmous front he stops to prevent the Austrian counterattack and eventual penetration, this strategy will later award him
july 1916: the greek army shows it's incompetence and is defeated after several attacks despite having almost twice the forces and starts a disastrous retreat.
September 1916: the ottomans empire after losing Constantinople and having the British/french troops occupying the first Anatolian cities surrenders with no condition, with all the rebellions in the middle east, the empire is officially dismantled.
November 1916: battle of Salonika, the greek forces are destroyed with several prisoners after the bulgarians forces from costaninople have arrived, the greek goverment surrenders and the king is exiled while the hellenic republic is proclaimed.
january 1917: all the balkanic forces are towards the serbian/austrian front, and russia is finally receiving some supplies but it's probably too late.
february 1917: the soviet revolution starts in russia while austria is losing on the balkan front, several riots in wien, budapest, berlin and many major cities of the CP.
march 1917: romania joins the entente.
april 1917: After some negotianons russia surrenders as OTL while the civil wars is on going
june 1917: even with the reinforcements the CP is still losing in th south while the germans are making some gains on the french front.
august 1917: after some discussion, both the kaiser and new austrian emperor agree for a conditional surrender acknowledging the impossibility to win the war, now that the USA are nearly to join.
september 1917: the war is officially over, with a victory for the entente.
1918:
  1. treaty of versailles: germany will loose all the colonies and renounce to the brest litovsk treaty, alsace-lorraine will go to france. While the french ask for a humilation the other members( especially tsar ferdinand I, who is cousing of the kaiser) opposes so.
  2. treaty of Wien: AH will loose bosnia, croatia,istria&trent, transylvania and the bohemian/polish region, while the union with hungary will continue.
  3. treaty of Sofia: OE, now turkey, loses all the european territories and the middle east, and the osmanoglu family is exiled; greece looses crete, corfu and everything north of salonika( included).
the winners gains:
  • England takes half the colonies and the German remaining fleet and half of the reparations are sent to the Germans
  • France takes a Alsace- Lorraine and few colonies due to their anger at the meeting and thus leaving as protest for the Victoire mutilée.
  • Italy takes as promised from the London pact all the trentino area, Istria, and a good portion of the dalmatian coast; while seizes the AH/Greek fleet( or at least what was left) and the German port of Qingdao in China. half of the debts are sent to the Austrians. Due to it's claim the king of italy gains Also jerusalem as kingdom.
  • Serbia takes all of Bosnia and Croatian while Montenegro merges in. war debts half to greece
  • Bulgaria takes the Greek territories to Salonika( renamed solun), and costantinople, renamed tsarigrad( the russians are unable to protest) but agrees to demilitarize the area.After long discussions the serbian goverment agrees to give 2/3 of Macedonia and pirot to the Third Bulgarian empire but with the sharing of the city of Ohrid( historically important for both the countries as first slav patriarchy and medieval capital).The war debts will go to turkey .
  • the countries of Bohemia and Poland are restored, Slovakia will remain as part of hungary while all the countries fried in the Brest litovsk are confirmed but as republics.
  • japan keeps the pacific conquests.
  • romania takes transylvanya while the bessarabia/ bucovina will form the moldavian nation
Serbia since controls the south/east slavs changes the name to istslavia( east slavia).
Bulgaria is the strongest nation of the balkans and retains a lot of prestige for saving the gallipoli landing( avoiding meany deaths) and for saving the serbian brothers. At the Versailles conference all the diplomats sent their regards to Vladimir Vazov as one of the greatest leaders, even the defeated general Mackensen will say later in 1930: " he's the only general able to defeat a german on the field in obvious inferioty, and will ever have my respect".
AH will suffer several riots on the street until the emperor karl I enable a constitutional parlamentar monarchy on english model to prevent a full rebellion like in russia, the same happens in Germany were the hohenzollerns manage to avoid the abdication.

TTL changes with no hitler nor mussolini in power but france will see a fascist rise and form an alliance with the defeated and also fascist nation greece and turkey( and japan) thus escalating to a full war against the rest of europe.

Sounds like an awesome timeline!
 
While both of these are possible, there is one of those POD issues where the possible PODs would have much more serious ramifications than just Bulgaria and Greece joining the wrong alliances.

The most plausible POD is the Dardanelles campaign being amazingly successful for the British and French, after which Bulgaria joins the Entente. The Germans send more than the IOTL 11th Army to the Balkans which turns out to be successful in stomping on both the Serbs and Bulgarians. There is no Salonika expedition because the forces that would be sent there IOTL are already in the Balkans via Constantinople and Bulgaria. Greece, annoyed by repeated British and French violations of its neutrality and Italian demands for more Greek islands, joins the Central Powers, they are bribed with Bulgarian and Serbian territory and there are large German forces around to defend Greece.

The obvious problem is that the Balkans are now a much more major theater of war than they were IOTL. Entente forces are pretty much the IOTL Armee de l'Oriente plus a lot that got sent to Egypt, the Ottoman Turks are no longer a threat to the Suez canal and there is no need now to get into Palestine. But the Germans will have the equivalent of another army there, and it will probably be taken from the forces fighting against Russia on the Eastern Front, meaning the Central Powers does much worse in that area. And this means Tsarist Russia likely survives in this timeline, with a good chance of the Entente winning before either a Russian revolution or the Americans arrive.
 
My take on a map based on this POD (Ignore the bad borders)
bulgarian victory tl.png
 
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