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Exactly what it says on the tin. By Caesars time the Republic was rotting from wothin, nonetheless Caesar's coup and victory in the civil war was a fairly exceptional process which might well not be replicated. More significant IMHO is a (longer) independent Gaul (and possibly Egypt, although given Roman interest in the east and the natural lure of Oriental wealth for ambitious Pompey types I think it would be subjugated sooner or later), as well as eliminating Roman influence in northern France/preserving the pre-Roman Celtic culture.

Moreover there is also the question of what happens to Christianity if the Roman conquest of Palestine is delayed and/or averted.
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