alternatehistory.com

In the early 20th century there were two major streams of thought in the Jewish community that I know a significant amount about. Zionism and Bundism, we all probably know about Zionism, the movement to return to Israel and colonize Palestine. But Bundism is more forgotten, it was in favor of autonomy as a national minority (as in the Jewish people are one United group, not defined on religion) in the countries where it operated. For most of the early 20th century the streams of thought competed, but ultimately the question was settled by the Germans and the holocaust, which effected all the countries where the Bund had significant presence. What I'm curious about is, what would have happened if the Bund had won out (I'm assuming a no-nazi Germany POD).

There were a lot of more minor differences with Zionism too beyond just their focus on autonomy. Bundism was a decisively left wing movement affiliated to the Social Democratic Parties of the countries it existed in (And the Russian revolution caused a split between the communists, and the social democrats, like in every other countries social democratic movement). They were very much in favor of Yiddish as the language of the Jewish people, viewing Hebrew revivalism as a romantic and silly notion. And in general they were more in favor of becoming a more definite part of European culture on their own terms.
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