Some background: during the Quasi-War with France, the Adams administration passed the Alien and Sedition acts, which severely restricted freedom of speech, press, etc. and many historians have concluded they were primarily an attempt to suppress voters who disagreed with the Federalist party.
Thomas Jefferson, who was the sitting Vice President at the time, secretly penned the
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, which argued that the states had the right and the duty to declare unconstitutional any acts of Congress that were not authorized by the Constitution (basically they were the prototypical documents for the nullification argument), and at one point secretly drafted a threat for Kentucky to secede from the Union. Some, among them Jefferson biographer Dumas Malone, have argued that Jefferson could theoretically impeached for treason for authoring the acts, and the threat to secede.
So, naturally, what if? What if, somehow, the Adams government had gotten wind that Jefferson was not only actively undermining the administration, but was secretly authoring arguments that essentially called for a rebellion? Would he have been impeached and/or tried? What would the knock on effects be?