Well, we might still spell the name of the language as françois instead of français, since it was the Académie's 1835 dictionary revision that adopted that change. But not too much else would be different. The "power" of the Académie is greatly overestimated by foreigners. It hasn't even done its official job - to publish a standard dictionary for the French language - since the 1930s. Every now and then it suggests some French replacement for a newly borrowed English term, though most of the time this is unsuccessful, and in fact, those new French terms that have arisen are often being coined by other sources.
At the time of its foundation, the Académie had some importance in that it established a coherent set of guidelines for spelling. By the time of the Revolution it had largely completed this job (aside from the -ois/-ais anomaly). The 1835 revision aside, it really hasn't done too much of significance since. Nowadays the Académie is basically a Hall of Fame for famous francophone writers. There is great honor in becoming an "immortel". Most don't bother actually attending meetings, though.
The Office québécois de la langue française is less well-known globally, but actually far more assertive in regulating the language (though many of its recommendations don't make it outside of Canada).