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Historically, Joseph II, then Holy Roman Emperor, attempted modernizing and centralizing reforms in his territories, leading to the Brabant revolt in Belgium and serious opposition from Hungary's traditional nobility, as he attempted to centralize the Hapsburg Empire and establish an enlightened absolutist monarchy. Some Hungarians even briefly flirted with putting Prince Karl August of Weimar on the throne of Hungary while he still lived, though Karl was hesitant to accept the post.

However, towards the end of his life, Joseph II lingered in sickness, and eventually died in 1790, but not before reverting almost all his policies in Hungary and being succeeded by his brother Leopold II who took a light hand with Hungary.

What if, instead, Joseph II stays around much longer, avoiding sickness and continuing to try to push his policies in Hungary, eventually leading to an outright revolt by the traditional estates there? This would cripple Hapsburg power and possibly stave off or entirely prevent the French revolutionaries' declaration of war against Austria. The Hungarian traditional system involved a class of "nobles" - in 1784, a census counted them at 4.5% of the adult male population, so much larger than your traditional nobility - who were given all kinds of rights in governing Hungary, like voting on taxes and who would be the monarch. If these guys decided that Joseph II had to go, they might very well have a little "revolution" of their own and replace him with someone more to their tastes as monarch.

Assuming that Hungary doesn't wind up snowballing into revolutionary terror or republicanism, just creating (or reaffirming) a constitutional monarchy with, say, Karl August of Weimer on the throne, what would be the consequences for Europe? The Austrian Empire would effectively be sundered, possibly distracted in a full-blown civil war, and revolutionary France would be unlikely to feel threatened by the Pillnitz declaration (if it even still occurs).
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