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After the Empire of Mexico ended the Central American Provinces which I think had been under the Captaincy General of Guatemala (though they were still part of New Spain) declared independence forming the Central American Federation. However disputes between the provinces soon broke it up and all future attempts at union quickly failed.
So why was it that the Mexican provinces managed to hold together whereas Central America didn't, was it just a coincidence? I've looked at the topography and can't really see a reason for the difference.