I know they had cannons - they could hardly have done without them. It seems I've phrased myself rather poorly, but the idea I'm trying to get across is that Hungary's resources in terms of manpower, armaments, and everything else were a lot smaller. The question that keeps failing to be answered is how Hungary beats a bigger country.
Well seeing as how they did exactly that IOTL...
Which is precisely the problem: Britain is not going to go and intervene in favour of the Hungarians with anything but words, and our intervention with words had been none too effective in Italy. So how can we change the situation on the ground?
Well the Russian intervention only came about after Emperor Franz Joseph begged Tsar Nicholas that the Russians intervened in Hungary. And even then it was quite some time before the Russians intervened. The OTL timeline goes like this;
- 23 March 1849; Franz Joseph sends word to St. Petersburg asking for assistance. Nicholas does not immediately respond.
- 1 April 1849; Kossuth appoints Görgey commander of the Hungarian forces; over the next week the Magyars drive the Austrians back to the Danube.
- 15 April 1849; Kossuth proclaims an independent Hungarian republic. The parliament immediately elects him Governor-General. His first act is to offer a truce to the Romanian rebels in Transylvania.
- 23 April 1849; The Austrians abandon Budapest (they had taken it earlier in the year) to the advancing Hungarian army.
- 4 May 1849; The Hungarians capture Komárom. Effectively all of Hungary is, once again, in Magyar hands.
- 21 May 1849; Franz Joseph travels to Warsaw to meet with Nicholas. The Tsar forces the Emperor to beg, from his knees, for Russian assistance, and even is required to kiss the Tsar's signet ring (still from his knees). Nicholas promises to invade by 17 June.
- 2 July 1849; The Battle of Ács, or the Second Battle of Komárom, ends in a tactical draw after the Hungarians are unable to push the Austrians further, but similarly the Hapsburgs can't force the Magyars to fall back.
- 11 July 1849; The Third Battle of Komárom is a tactical Hungarian victory, forcing the Austrians to flee, but a strategic draw as the Hungarians don't press forward on their advantage, due to Görgey sustaining a battlefield injury, confusing in the command without Görgey, and conflict between the army and the government in Budapest.
- 31 July 1849; the Battle of Segesvár, the first major incursion between Hungarian and Russian forces.
If you simply make Franz Joseph as pigheadedly stubborn as he was IOTL later in his career at this point, or change his father Archduke Franz Karl's decision not to become emperor on the abdication of Emperor Ferdinand, than the Russians never intervene. The fact that Nicholas was hesitant to join the fray anyhow, only did so after seeing how far he could push Franz Joseph, and even then only committed himself a full two weeks after he had said he would all point to the fact that the Russians had no great interest in Hungary at this time and only did so that the Austrians would 'owe them one,' - the (in)famous belief of Nicholas' that Vienna would support him in the Crimean War, which of course turned out to be false.
The Hungarians had pushed the Austrians out of their country, and held the Danube south of Vienna, as well as controlling the Banat, the Voivodinia, and Transylvania, and were making preparations to launch an invasion into the Hapsburg Military Frontier in Croatia and Slovenia. The Austrians simply could not defeat the Hungarians on their own at this point.
I can heartily believe that Pam changed his mind over the issue, but the point is again that he's not going to send a gunboat and, should the Austrians get the upper hand, he's not going to do anything about it.
I don't 'want' any answer except an honest one and I gave an honest response. What is America going to do? Is it any surprise that revolutionary movements recognised one-another and, Italy being defeated, does it maje any difference?
Again, you asked "Where are the Hungarians going to get [...] diplomatic recognition [...]," and I answered your question showing even IOTL they had it, or were close to having it, from the great powers of the day.
I don't see where I said that Hungary was going to lose Transylvania. I said that they weren't able to deal decisively with the Romanian insurgents, which is the whole point of Bem having to be in the province rather than somewhere else doing something more useful.
By the end the insurgents were getting the worst of it, but if it had been some guys in caves, would it have been necessary to send an army?
Then your point is a slightly odd one, and rather moot regardless. The Romanians aren't going to get Transylvania, and after being defeated in field the only Romanian resistance left was holed up in the mountains, at which point Bem was transferred to the Banat.
If you're tying to argue the Hungarians lacked an effective army due to your belief in a poor campaign in Transylvania then you're grossly over-estimating the Romanians few victories and their overall capabilities.
What in particular am I not understanding or is that just a way of saying grandly that you disagree? Of course the Hungarians held the imperial forces off up to that point or there wouldn't be any debate.
But circumstances had changed in more ways than one: Austria was resolving its problems on various other fronts. How is Hungary supposed to fight by itself against a bigger country?
Except that the Hungarians
did exactly that IOTL

The Italians had been put down already and yet the Magyars still held the Hapsburg Austrians at bay. It was, once again,
only after the Russians intervened that the independence of Hungary was crushed. Austria did not have the resources, the man power, or either the political will or capital, considering her own many internal issues that were just barely being held in check, to be able to force the Hungarians back into the Hapsburg empire without foreign assistance. If we remove Russia from the equation there is no one else who can effectively do the job, and Hungary gains her independence.