What unprecedented countries could have been created in the 20th century?

What new countries or regimes could have been established with no prior precedent?
  • By colonial "lines in the sand"
  • By imposed/temporary treaty boundaries creating protectorates/territories
  • By compromise after rebellion or revolution
  • As an officialization of military occupation zones
  • Or by decrees from authoritarian regimes
Historical examples:
  • Manchukuo
  • United Baltic Duchy (proposed)
  • Order State Burgundy (proposed)
  • East Germany
  • Saar Protectorate
  • Czechoslovakia
  • Hatay State
 

Kaze

Banned
Independent Sri Lanka.
Divided former French Indo-China - (historical but hear me out) - it could have gone with the Two Korea solution where the former Colony is divided along multiple DMZ - Laos, Cambodia, North Vietnam (Socialist), and South Vietnam (Democratic).
Independent Hong Kong - different lease agreement has Hong Kong go independent instead of returning to China.
Divided Malaysia - each island is independent nation.
 
Alternative Dutch Decolonisation, 1946:
-Republic of Sulawesi
-Republic of the Molucccas

Turkish defeat in Turkish War of Independence:
-Republic of Pontus
 
This. There were quite logical states arising from it, but also some batshit crazy ones that if were written in fiction would be dismissed as ASB and laughed at.

And many of the countries lasted as long as you would think and were quickly absorbed and conquered by someone else. Some lasted less than 6 months.
 
Republic of Tarnobrzeg

Landlocked city, has access to the Vistula river. Anarcho socialist state ruled by the future member of the Communist Party of Poland (illegal) and a Roman Catholic priest.

If they had enough support from the Red Army, glorious Republic of Tarnobrzeg would be ruling over whole proletariat of the world! :D
 
What about that Vorarlberg referendum in 1919, could it conceivably lead to an independent-by-mistake Vorarlberg stuck in limbo between Austria and Switzerland?

Yes, I totally misread @martymcfly's post as "Western Austria".
 
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