Scandinavian unification feels like it can only happen prior to German unification. Otherwise I don't see it happening. Even then, there would be hurdles to overcome.
Liberals have a tendency to be overly idealistic sometimes. Iberian Unity would require either Spain or Portugal to lose their overseas empires. Or Both. In fact the likely hood is far better if both were to lose their empires.
Both had already lost their overseas empires though. That’s partially why Iberian nationalism existed - the nationalists perceived that Portugal and Spain were in decline and could only hope to match the other European powers through their union.
Personally I doubt it, though those more familiar with Portuguese history could provide a better answer. “Becoming more” was precisely why the Iberian Union failed, namely the attempted centralizing reforms of the Count-Duke of Olivaras that provoked the rebellions in Portugal and Catalunya. IMO the only way the Iberian Union survives is if the Spanish court permanently moves to Lisbon. The thought of Lisbon becoming the centre of the Spanish empire was what sold the Iberian Union back in 1580, for the Portuguese elites. The question would be if Castille would accept that.Wasn't there a time much earlier when there was an Iberian Union? At that time Spain and Portugal were both at their peak. Yes it was only a personal union, but maybe with some divergences, it could become more?
You can go back to at least Dante, and still find an Italian identity.without a prior Italian identity
The Habsburgs tried to annex the Duchy/Electorate of Bavaria often but everyone kept trying to prevent it. As for the Rhineland, that is going to be difficult as you only got the Netherlands uniting again after Napoleon. Unless I suppose we go back far enough for Burgundy to keep trucking, keep from being torn apart by the French royals (who had basically spent a century or two trying to drive to the Rhine over entirely non-French populated lands), maybe having it marry into the Wittelsbach and getting the various Prince-Bishoprics to act as satellites.You could unify Austria with Bavaria
Or the Rhineland with the Netherlands
or of course keep Napoleon's greater France
How long until the Africans overthrow them? And I don't know why they would 'unify' the area they are trying to drain of people to sell as slaves. A lot of the island and ports set up by Europeans and Muslims (just using the term to simplify the mixture of Persians, Turks, Arabs, Omani, and Yemeni in Zanzibar) had slavery as one of their primary purposes, as labor was deemed one of the most profitable exports of Africa.If the Sultanate of Zanzibar got a better 19th century, its possible to have them control everything from Tanzania to Kivu to Uganda in a large Swahili dominated empire.
Dunno when or if the Africans would. Unification was the goal however. To set up a large swath of territory with client tribes and immigrants as a middle/enforcer class, and a common religion to bind the area together.How long until the Africans overthrow them? And I don't know why they would 'unify' the area they are trying to drain of people to sell as slaves. A lot of the island and ports set up by Europeans and Muslims (just using the term to simplify the mixture of Persians, Turks, Arabs, Omani, and Yemeni in Zanzibar) had slavery as one of their primary purposes, as labor was deemed one of the most profitable exports of Africa.
The flag wasn't changed for Hanover when it was in personal union with Great Britain, nor did the flags of England and Ireland change when Queen Mary Tudor was married to the King of Spain. It was all in the coats of arms.This is very unlikely, but if you get Queen Victoria and Alexander II to marry each other (they had a mutual attraction to each other when Alexsabder II visited Britain) and create a personal Union between the British and Russian Empires you’d create the largest empire of all time. Wonder how the flag would look...
Yugoslavia for West Slavs. Sounds interesting. Another member recently did a thread about this.As late as the 20th century, there were proposals for a federation of West Slavic states.