The Romans created a lot, and it is almost unthinkable that the Carthaginians didn't do so as well. If a society has a literate elite of any significance, it will be productive. The expressions may of course differ: some cultures may be more interested in certain art forms, while others may be more productive when it comes to intellectual essays and philosophy. This differs per culture, but also per time period within each culture. But the idea that some literate cultures are way more productive than others is just wrong. The problem is the medium. Some materials just decompose quicker, and as a result we have nothing left of what some cultures wrote.
The biggest difference, the only difference that really matters, is between literate cultures and non-literate ones. The former create an increasingly fixed corpus, whereas the latter rely on an ever-changing, ever-evolving oral tradition. (In this sense, Homeros of Greece and Snorri of Iceland fulfilled the same role, many ages apart: they famously wrote down pre-existing oral traditions in what became the definitive version. They marked the transition from a tradition of singing story-tellers to one of written epics.)