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Let's say the different arab tribes start several internal wars in the peninsula that harm the population so they no longer have an incentive to expand. Muhammad is also killed or never born, so the religious aspect of the conquests is also removes. what languages will be dominant in this non-arabic, middle ages MENA? would aramaic or syriac completely dominate mesopotemia and the levant, or would smaller languages still be spoken? would hebrew be spoken at all? what about egypt? would african romance survive and influence the berbers or would it be assimilated? is Phonecian even relevant anymore by this point, both in lebanon and north africa?
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