Bosnia is mountainous and well defendable, once the Habsburgs manage to take it, they will likely hold onto it.
As others above said as well, not even the loss of Serbia and Oltenia was given, so that makes the loss of Bosnia even less likely.
About the possible consequences:
-We could see a much smaller percentage of Muslims in Bosnia.
-The old Western and Northwestern borders of Bosnia, Croatia and Slavonia would be restored.
-The military frontier in Hungary would be completely abolished, which would lead to the Serbian population there to plummet, which could pose as a great opportunity for Croats and Hungarians to resettle or Germans to settle those areas. With the further repopulation attempts of war-torn Serbia, the Serbian population of Hungary could shrink to abysmal levels.
-Bosnia would most likely become predominantly Catholic, who later could embrace Croatian nationalism.
Further possible consequences:
If the Habsburgs manage to hold onto Serbia and Oltenia alongside Bosnia, that might mean that without the huge prestige loss, the succession of Maria Theresa might be much more swift, than OTL. Maybe Frederick II of Prussia could decide not to invade Silesia in this sceniario.
It needless to say, what huge butterflies that could cause.