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After a crisis, which ended up in a temporarily successful coup in 2002, Hugo Chavez, under very heavy pressure from the opposition, agreed to recall referendum:
Chavez won the referendum, after which, he became much more aggressive accusiong George Bush of supporting the 2002 coup and openly called himself a socialist.
What if Chavez lost the referendum? Do you think he would had been out or like Maduro, he would had remained in power as a dictator?