The topic as I read it is more about what would lead to a faster development of civilization than what would lead to a more robust survival on contact with European settlement?
I think the pastoral people of Asia did quite well for themselves. Mongolia and the Central Asia “Stans” survived as nation states into the modern age. Afghanistan exists today because they are a nation of horse riding goat and sheep herders. Civilizations based on intensive agriculture paint a big target on themselves. Their survival is dependant on being able to defend themselves through technology.
Pre-Columbian America was a long ways behind Europe, they faced conquerers armed with guns, germs and steel. A faster development of civilization through introduced animal domesticates would have to be very early indeed, like at least a thousand years before Columbus. If the question is what animals would most benefit Native Americans either shortly before or after the Columbian Exchange, I would say those suited to pastoralism - horses, goats, sheep, maybe cattle and camel.