Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Although plenty of witnesses watched as Joan of Arc was burned at the stake in the marketplace in Rouen, her status as a revered military and religious figure encouraged people to believe that she hadn’t actually died. At first, a story circulated among the populace that someone else had been burned in her place and that the real Joan had fled. Others said it was Joan in the flames, but she’d been spared by God and escaped. Finally, rumors began to emerge that Joan was none other than the second coming of Christ, and therefore could not die. Within a few years, women began to appear around France pretending to be Jeanne d'Arc, such as Jeanne de Sermaise, Jeanne de Férone, and Jeanne de La Rochelle. However, by far the most famous and successful was a woman whose name was Claude (Aka Jeanne du Lis; Aka, after her marriage to the knight Robert des Armoise, Jeanne des Armoise).
In May 1436, Claude des Armoises met Joan’s brothers, Pierre and Jean, and convinced them that she was their departed sister - or at least, got them to publicly agree to the idea. In a similar way she met successively with various friends of Joan (not all, of course) and they identified her as La Pucelle whom they had known a few years earlier. “Joan” spent three weeks in Marieulles with a noble family of Metz. Then she went on a pilgrimage to the shrine of the “Black Madonna” in Liesse. From there she went with “her” two brothers to Arlon, to the court of the Princess Elizabeth of Luxembourg (The Duchess Elisabeth von Görlitz).
During her stay in Arlon, Claude found herself in the center of the dispute over the investiture of the bishopric of Trier. There were two candidates for the episcopate: the favorite of Rome, Raban von Helmstatt, and an excommunicated nobleman, Ulrich von Manderscheid. The Duchess of Luxembourg and Ruprecht, comte de Virnenbourg, supported Manderscheid. Comte de Virnebourg was said to have fallen in love with Claude (as Joan) and put her in charge of a mercenary military unit to be sent to Cologne for the purpose of supporting Manderscheid.
Finally, Claude was called to meet King Charles VII himself. The French king had heard about this alleged Joan, but he was suspicious. So he decided to set up a test for her. At the palace, Claude was met by a man claiming to be the king, while the real Charles watched from afar. But Claude knew - perhaps from royal gossip - that the real king wore a soft boot on his ulcerated leg, which this man did not. She called his bluff, going to the true king instead. Charles was astounded. According to the later report of chamberlain Boisi, the king asked her about the secret they had talked about during their last meeting. Since one of the people she had met before was Jean Pasquerel, almoner and confessor of Joan of Arc, she was able to pass this test as well.
The Duchess Elisabeth von Görlitz had no heirs, so Duke Philip III of Burgundy and Elizabeth of Luxembourg, queen consort of Germany, Hungary and Bohemia, disputed each other's rights to the Duchy of Luxembourg. In 1440, when negotiations were once again deadlocked, Elisabeth von Görlitz unexpectedly announced that she was adopting Joan the Maiden and making her full heir to the duchy. Charles VII of France, who also claimed the duchy as a great-grandson of Bonne of Luxembourg, bought the rights to the duchy and ceded his title of Duke of Luxembourg to Joan of Arc in gratitude for the help that the latter gave him.
Thus a new dynasty was established in Luxembourg. In later centuries Joan of Arc was canonized, but folk belief continued to consider her not just a saint, but an intermediate coming of Christ, which, although contrary to all church dogmas, was still tacitly supported by her heirs, for it made them descendants of Jesus, virtually the modern Merovingians.
The national flag of Luxembourg is based on the coat of arms of Luxembourg. Ten white and blue stripes serve as the field for a golden chalice. According to unofficial interpretation, it is a stylized image of the Holy Grail, and the two faces matching its contour correspond to both incarnations of Jesus Christ.