USA's "Project Cancelled"

If anyone hasn't seen it yet, "The Pentagon Wars" should be high on your "to-watch" list. As a US Army Veteran and taxpayer it was equal points entertaining and infuriating (and also answered a lot of the questions I had regarding the Bradley's development). It doesn't cover the pork-barreling ably described by CalBear earlier but it does a fantastic job showing a lot of the other problems in the process.
At the very least, see this scene...
 
The Pentagon Wars is mostly BS and James Burton is a self-aggrandizing, Sparky-tier idiot who didn't realize the fact that the Bradley was designed from the start to kill BMPs.
 
Bradley had some issues like any military program, but it was nowhere near the disaster the Pentagon Wars portrayed it as.
 

CalBear

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Yep, that's a great crash course on the issue.
It leaves out the best part. Some hobgoblin Congresscritter saw the original version and saw tracks and immediately thought "cheap tank" which was actually how the whole Charlie Foxtrot started.

A fellow "Esteemed Member" brought up the BMP-2 (fortunately, otherwise the M2 would have a 105mm gun) and how come the U.S. vehicles couldn't engage a bunch of them in a mini-Kursk with clown cars.

Then another hobgoblin on the same committee noted that it needed more protection, which, simply by coincidence, a major "ironworks" in his District could provide.

...and theand played on.
 

marathag

Banned
didn't realize the fact that the Bradley was designed from the start to kill BMPs.
Not the way it was sold though. TOW reloads take up room for passengers, making the M3 different from the M2

But the big problem was retaining the amphibious ability, that lead to the too light armor and being cramped,
and was jettisoned finally with the M2A2, and then it was as heavy as a Sherman Tank, and could carry 6 grunts.

Merkava MBT, can also carry Six at the cost of less main gun ammo, and that is way more survivable to get 6 guys across a battlefield, or pot BMPs

$3.5M USD for the Merkava, vs $3.1M for a Bradley
 
Not the way it was sold though. TOW reloads take up room for passengers, making the M3 different from the M2

But the big problem was retaining the amphibious ability, that lead to the too light armor and being cramped,
and was jettisoned finally with the M2A2, and then it was as heavy as a Sherman Tank, and could carry 6 grunts.

Merkava MBT, can also carry Six at the cost of less main gun ammo, and that is way more survivable to get 6 guys across a battlefield, or pot BMPs

$3.5M USD for the Merkava, vs $3.1M for a Bradley
You kill BMPs and BTRs with autocannons. That's why the HS.30 and Marder I carried 20 mm autocannons instead of HMGs. The Merkava is not capable of fighting while carrying 6 troops, and it's not capable of delivering combat-ready infantry (with equipment and in physical condition ready to fight). The Merkava has only a very small ready rack in the turret basket, and more than 3/4 of the ammunition is carried in the rear compartment. The Bradley wouldn't be able to carry more troops instead of TOWs, because the size of the passenger compartment is limited by the length of the vehicle (length of engine compartment, turret ring, and then seats). The TOWs and stored with fuel and ammunition in the sponsons over the tracks. Taking away the Bradley's TOWs would require giving ITV platoons back to the infantry battalions, which is an extra 50 troops per battalion, and that's a poor match for 100+ ready-to-fire TOWs on the Bradleys.
 

Riain

Banned
While actual pork barreling is damaging it is naive in the extreme to discount the politics of Defence procurement and label a valid 'Whole of Government' solution as a pork barrel by default. There was one line in the Pentagon Wars clip that was important, along the lines of; if you get the budget for this I won't have the budget for that.

Say what you want about the Bradley, it does have one thing going for it; it exists! That, and any other multi-billion dollar project, could burst at any seam and if it did then the US Army might still be stuck with upgraded Vietnam era M113s the way they are stuck with M109 howitzers and the USMC stuck with AAAV7s from the same era. This is the danger of 'Project Cancelled' or 'programme cut short'.
 
The A-7F was fascinating in many ways. These birds would not even be newly manufactured airframes, but heavily reworked A-7D and perhaps A-7E. Yet the modifications were substantials: not only engine change, but afterburner and supersonic flight ! Out of a subsonic, revamped airframe. In aviation history, engine swaps are common (Mirage > Kfir). But this ? is completely unique, AFAIK. I'm not aware of such massive changes for any recent jet aircraft.

Gee take a subsonic airframe that was developed from a great supersonic airframe and make it supersonic! Don't get me wrong the A-7F was a good low risk option. But what does it give you over the already in use F-16 (which due to the end of the Cold War was already having its planned production cut). The other problem was that the airframes were already well into their service life and would have to be 'rebuilt' to get enough service life to make it worthwhile.

 
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The Sergeant York disaster, an utter clusterfuck of a program, that has left the US army as the only modern army without proper battlefield air defence, having to rely on some Stingers strapped to a humvee...
And when did the lack of a proper battlefield air defense hurt the U.S. Army since the DIVAD was cancelled? The system was ill conceived from the start. Basing it on a previous generation tank that was not able to keep up with the vehicles it was supposed to protect? I can't think of a single U.S. ground unit that has been attacked by a system the DIVAD was supposed to protect it from.
 

marathag

Banned
You kill BMPs and BTRs with autocannons.
Or with 105mm DU Darts, HESH or HEAT
There is no Kill like Overkill.

An unlike TOW II, the shot flight time is far shorter.
Yes, the 105mm isn't the best against other MBTs anymore, but that's not the job anymore, its opponents are BMPs and BTRs
That's why the HS.30 and Marder I carried 20 mm autocannons instead of HMGs. The Merkava is not capable of fighting while carrying 6 troops, and it's not capable of delivering combat-ready infantry (with equipment and in physical condition ready to fight). The Merkava has only a very small ready rack in the turret basket, and more than 3/4 of the ammunition is carried in the rear compartment
With the goal of an M2 like IFV. The Brad has Two TOW II, with five Reloads.
Merkava 2 as a IFV has 6-11 main gun rounds.
It also has 30 bomblets for the 60mm mortar, and thousands of 7.62mm for the Coaxia and AAMM, and a M2 Mantlet .50 with 1000, while having jump seat for 6 troopers

So yeah, its got fight while have the guys in back.

And it's immune from anything that any BMP could toss at it, and very resistant to RPGs, IEDs and mines
 
Pork bellying. By far.

There are so many examples that it is almost silly. There are aircraft that use a specific engine, but Congress has REQUIRED the Air Force to support the development of, and low series production of an "alternate" engine, just in case the primary, which has a long service history, somehow becomes "unacceptable". It was, of course, a coincidence that the "alternate" engine was manufactured in the home state of a member of the Armed Services Committee. Similar thing happened with the LCS, except this time it was a WHOLE class of ships. Rather than build one design after the same sort of competition common to allocating contracts for aircraft (the F-22 was selected over the F-23, the A-10 over the A-9, etc.) the Navy was "encouraged" to procure both. The fact that NEITHER ship was ready from Prime Time mattered not a whit, Lockheed Martin and General Dynamics both received multi-billion dollar contracts. Hooray for the shareholders and employees at the yards building the ships (all voters, to be sure). Best part is that General Dynamics, possibly seeing disaster in the making, sold the whole Independence LCS variant program to Austal USA (i.e. a wholly owned subsidiary of an Australian company, Hooray for Austal Australian shareholders who are decidedly NOT U.S. voters). The Navy literally plans to more or less throw the first two ships of each LCS variant away, rather like the first waffle that comes out sort of wonky, the difference beither the the waffle doesn't cost a couple BILLION dollars.

After that is Congress' love of cutting procurement numbers, mainly for shits & giggles. They effectively crippled the F-22 programs by cutting production from 648 airframes to 187 series production airframes. At the same time they required that other, less capable aircraft remain in production ( I understand that Boeing put the Committe at the very tip-top of their Christmas card list) and, vastly worse, forced the USAF to keep worn out airframes in flight status (keep that in mind the next time you read about an F-15C, which were last built in 1985, being involved in an incident).

Next is the truly toxic relationship between defense contractors and the Pentagon Project Managers responsible for overseeing the projects. The project manager's jon is supposed to be that of a watchdog, the person in the loop that can call "BS" and stop things in their tracks. That is mainly gone, partly due to politics (as outlined above) and partly because annual Efficiency Reports form Project Manager's are based on how well the project is progressing. Since anything short of an Excel rating (which puts you in the top 49% of each rating officers subordinates), even as an O-4, is unlikely to lead to Stars on the shoulderboards the results are fairly obvious.

In all the system needs a total rebuild.
So what would a Calbear' dream navy look like then if you have the ability to clean house and start with a clean slate?
 
It is actually much, much worse than that.

Where to start ?

AH-56 Cheyenne. A fantastic machine, for sure. But it pushed the state-of-the-art a little too far.

So they created the AH-1 as a stopgap for Vietnam. In 1965. Well... still in service 55 years later, the stopgap.

Then the Air Force started the YA-9 and the A-10 just to piss off the Army: they didn't gave a crap about close air support. But still, the Army had to be pissed-off, you see ?

Then Sikorsky created the S-67 Black Hawk.

And Bell tried to improve the Cobra into the Bell 309 "King Cobra" to help the case of their stop gap and make it a definitive winner.

Surely, the Army would pick one of these as a successor to the troubled Cheyenne, of which two were destroyed, killing one pilot and... one wind tunnel (no kidding).

Nope. The AH-56 carried on and by 1972 it worked extremely well. Only to be abandonned as "too fast, too big, too expensive". And then the Army made a comparative flyout of the AH-56, the S-67, the Bell 301 - only to reject all three of them.

And since the AH-1 was only a stop gap, they started all over again from a clean sheet of paper - YAH-63 versus AH-64 Apache. The Apache ended as a superb attack helicopter, but its unit cost escalated even higher than the Cheyenne before it. For much lower performance.

Meanwhile the Air Force (remember them ?) picked the A-10A and bought 700 of them.
...
Only to decide it was daylight and single-seater.
...
Republic created the A-10B two seater with night vision stuff.
...
Air Force said "it is too slow".
...
So they started the A-7F Strikefighter.
...
Only to pick F-16s instead for close air support. With the infamous gun pod tested durng GW1 which vibrated so much bullets went all over the place.
...
So they kept the A-10A in the end.
...
Only to try (and fail) to replace the rugged thing with F-35s.

A-10A still in service by 2020. Apache, too.

Sooooo... at the end of the day, the list of "CAS : Army vs USAF battle" read as follow
- AH-1
-AH-56
-YAH-63
- AH-64
- S-67
- Bell 301 (crap, was 309 "King Cobra") https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_309_KingCobra
- YA-9
- A-10A
- A-10B
- A-7F
- F-16

ELEVEN FLYING MACHINES. Frack. And then the Army started the LHX as "the F-35 of light helicopters" and it dragged for twenty freakkin' years only to be canned in 2004. And then the Comanche successors kicked the bucket one after another, at alarming rates (2008, 2011, on and on it went, a graveyard of helicopters).

To the point I still have no clue whether both Comanche and the very antiquated OH-58s have been replaced by 2020 !
The A-10 was not designed for CAS ( Close Air Support) . It was designed for Battlefield Interdiction of Armor Formations in the European Environment. It was also seen as very useful to support CSAR (Combat Search and Recovery) as close support for the rescue helicopters (The only thing in the inventory slower than it is) The problem with using it outside the European environment is its lack of speed. If it is working from large rear area air bases (like in Iraq and Afghanistan) it takes too long for it to get to anywhere it is needed. With a lack of an active Air Defense by the opposition systems such as the AC-130 and B-52s with smart munitions and very long loiter times work well for preplanned operations and systems like F-16s and F-15s that have the speed to get to a remote situation in time to make a difference not an A-10 that has to plod its way there.
 
lucky WWIII never happened
Well almost everyone should agree about that. But the Sgt York was cancelled before the 'end of the Cold War'. There was early work being started on a new solution that got shutdown before it ever really got started because with the collapse of the Warsaw Pact there was no apparent need for it (which has played out).
 
Because its so much faster than the A-10?🤔
both cruise under 300 knots
No because it is designed to loiter over the battlefield for hours providing sensors and intellegence the entire time and able to bring in precise overwhelming firepower when needed.
 

Riain

Banned
No US unit suffered attack that the Sgt York was designed for, in fact IIUC no US ground unit has suffered air attack since 1945, but I think some US allies may have been under the sort of air attack that the Sgt York could have assisted with or countered. I think in 1973 the Israeli VADS and Chaparral units might have seen action, and maybe again in 1982. The British suffered air attacks in the Falklands which the Rapier SAMs struggled with. I would have to say that the niche the Sgt York was designed to fill, possibly alongside US Roland, hasn't been properly covered since the VADS-Chaparral combo became obsolescent in maybe the 70s and the US has been partly lucky that it hasn't seen this threat materialise.

Conversely while the US has been able to suppress SAMs for decades, mobile AA guns are such a problems that the USAF flies high to avoid most of it.
 
And when did the lack of a proper battlefield air defense hurt the U.S. Army since the DIVAD was cancelled? The system was ill conceived from the start. Basing it on a previous generation tank that was not able to keep up with the vehicles it was supposed to protect? I can't think of a single U.S. ground unit that has been attacked by a system the DIVAD was supposed to protect it from.
I'm curious in the later part of the Cold war did the US have any land based short range air defense missiles other than Redeyes and subsequently Stingers, the Chaparral systems, and the handful of Rolands that were actually acquired ?

I am curious about what the USAF might have used to defend their air bases in Europe during the cold war.

Edit to add:
I realize the US had Nike, Hawk and Patriot long range SAMs and of course the USAF, USN, USMC also had various air defense capabilities as well :)
 
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