The closest we have come to having that is the United States between 1905 and 1937. The Supreme Court ruled in Lochner v. New York that the Constitution under the 14th Amendment assumes a right to "liberty of contract" and that severely curtails government regulatory ability.
Reviving that to some extent is a goal talked about among conservative and libertarian legal academics today.
But Lochner, etc. simply limited government authority to regulate private enterprise, not to own the means of production itself. Nothing in Lochner for example would have prevented the State of New York from setting up state-owned bakeries (with maximum hours, minimum wages, etc.) The only limitation would be that if they wanted to put existing private bakeries under state ownership, they would have to pay the owners just compensation.