In the late stages of the war, Wilson took personal control of negotiations with Germany, including the
armistice. He issued his
Fourteen Points, his view of a post-war world that could avoid another terrible conflict. He went to Paris in 1919 to create the
League of Nations and shape the
Treaty of Versailles, with special attention on creating new nations out of defunct
empires. Largely for his efforts to form the League, he was awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize. In 1919, during the bitter fight with the Republican-controlled
Senate over the U.S. joining the League of Nations, Wilson collapsed with a debilitating
stroke. He refused to compromise, effectively destroying any chance for ratification. The League of Nations was established anyway, but the United States never joined.