United States of the Americas and Oceania
- Thread starter Eurofed
- Start date
Eurofed
Banned
Only if it is plausible and I see the need for doing it so for story purposes or according to the historical trends of the TL. As I said, I do not feel slavishly bound to replicate any detail of Orwell's TL and map, given that we have already deviated massively from his political dystopia. My final vision foresees some kind of tripolar/quadripolar world, and the eventual rise of China and India in some form, indeed, but I've not puzzled out all the details (also because TTL has already diverged so massively that I find myself only able to speculate in some detail on a few decades from last update onward.
Newsflash notice: according to recent PM discussion that brought it to my attention how much of the Democratic-Republican Party's liveability was tied to the National Bank issue, I've come to the realization that I made Hamiltonian Federalists too much successful in putting an explicit authorization for a National Bank in the Constitution. As much as I think that making Hamilton as much and Jefferson as little as successful as possible would only go the greater benefit of the USAO, doing it beyond a certain point would throw the development of the USAO Party System into disarray. The Federalists need to remain dominant and the Democratic-Republicans submissive for decades in order to realize the former's economic and military program and entrench it, but the latter needs to survive in order to experience a comeback in Jackson's age.
Therefore, the clausle explictly authorizing the Congress to create agencies shall be stricken by the Constitution (a new version of the text is on the way, which shall also incorporate amendment by integral revision of the text), all previous TL mention to the the contrary are retconned and are to be ignored (they shall be edited in possible future consolidated versions of the TL, alongside the whole Patriot Iroquois issue and America getting Bermuda and Bahamas in 1781). The National Bank and later independent agencies shall be created by consitutional interpretation as in OTL. Hamilton's program, however, keeps explicit consitutional blessing in authorizations for paper money and subsidies, which stick in the document.
Moreover, given that the clausle granting former Preisdent a seat in Congress did not yet exist when I wrote the beginning of the TL, an alternative means of killing the Alien and Sediction Acts now exists (Washington fighting them from the Congress floor) to George taking a third term. So the possiblity exists of ensuring the vital long-term Federalist political dominance while keeping the two-term limit. However, this requires such an extensive revision of the carefully-planned Presidential sequence that I'm keeping the TL as written for the moment, although things may or may not change in a future consolidated revision (but personally I'm more fond of the three-terms limit than of the two-terms limit). Things, however, may be different in a future collaborative alternative version of the USAO TL where things turn out as written for America, but everything is different in Europe (but the continent still becomes the second unified superstate, although by wholly different means).
Eurofed
Banned
New revised version of the USAO Constitution.
Notes:
This the 1803 version, as approved by the Constitutional Convention and later amended once to revise the Presidential election system and provide for cases of death, inability, and failure to qualify of the President and Vice-President.
Black text is OTL
Red text are changes devised by Zod and Nicomacheus
Brown text are changes taken from the Confederate Constitution
Blue text are changes taken from Madison's writings
Green text are changes introduced from OTL's 11-27th Amendments.
Violet are changes devised by Aranfan and Eurofed
(Italics within brackets denote text that was changed by an OTL Amendment, and would be eventually amended ITTL as well, but that for some reason probably would remain as written IOTL in the original text. Usually these have to do with slavery).
The Constitution of the United States
Preamble
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
Article. I. - The Legislative Branch
Section 1 - The Legislature
All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
Section 2 - The House
The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature.
No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.
(Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons.) The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of Quebec shall be entitled to choose four, Nova Scotia one, New Hampshire three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five and Georgia three.
When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies.
The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment.
Section 3 - The Senate
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, (chosen by the Legislature thereof,) for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.
Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; (and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies.)
No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.
The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.
The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United States.
The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present. Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.
Section 4 - Elections, Meetings
The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Place of Chusing Senators.
The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall (be on the first Monday in February,) unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day. (The term of Senators and Representatives shall commence at noon of the third day of February.)
Section 5 - Membership, Rules, Journals, Adjournment
Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide.
Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behavior, and, with the Concurrence of two-thirds, expel a Member.
Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal.
Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.
Section 6 – Compensation
The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place.
No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office.
But Congress may, by law, grant to the principal officer in each of the Executive Departments and other Agencies and Institutions established under the laws of the United states, as well as such other persons as they may judge useful, a seat upon the floor of either House, with the privilege of discussing any measures appertaining to his department, agency, or expertise. When any such officer shall enter onto the floor of either House, Congress shall have authority to request and require him to provide information appertaining to his department, agency, or expertise, save that on the advice of the President sensitive issues of import to the security of the United States shall be discussed only in closed session of Congress. Former Presidents, possessing great experience and insight into the workings of Government, shall be entitled a voice and seat on the floor of Congress. Those Convicted on Charges of Impeachment shall be stripped of their entitlement to said seat. No person shall hold the privilege of voting in Congress unless they have been duly elected or chosen to either House.
Section 7 - Revenue Bills, Legislative Process, Presidential Veto
All bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills. All bills for the approval of new states shall originate in the Senate; but the House of Representatives may propose of concur with Amendments as on other Bills.
Every law, or resolution having the force of law, shall relate to but one subject, and that shall be expressed in the title.
Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by Yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law.
Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill.
The President may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill. In such case he shall, in signing the bill, designate the appropriations disapproved; and shall return a copy of such appropriations, with his objections, to the House in which the bill shall have originated; and the same proceedings shall then be had as in case of other bills disapproved by the President.
Section 8 - Powers of Congress
The Congress shall have Power:
· To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;
· To borrow money on the credit of the United States;
· To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes;
· To promote Useful Enterprises, including Commerce, Manufacture, and Agriculture, by granting to them Bounties for limited Times; but all Bounties shall be awarded among eligible recipients throughout the United States according to fair and uniform criteria of merit and public usefulness;
· To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;
· To coin Money, emit Bills of Credit, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;
· To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States;
· To establish Post Offices and Post Roads;
· To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times, not exceeding fifty years, to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries, providing for freedom of speech, of the press, scholarship, and similar Fair Use;
· To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;
· To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offenses against the Law of Nations;
· To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;
· To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years;
· To provide and maintain a Navy;
· To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;
· To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;
· To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;
· To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District as may, by Cession of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings; And
· To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
Section 9 - Limits on Congress
(The Introduction of Persons held to Service or Labour from any State not a member of, or Territory not belonging to, the United States shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person. Any such introduction shall be hereby forbidden after the Year one thousand eight hundred and twenty-three; and Congress shall be required to pass such laws as shall effectually prevent the same.)
(No capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or Enumeration herein before directed to be taken.)
No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.
No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.
No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time.
No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.
No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince or foreign State.
Article. II. - The Executive Branch
Section 1 - The President
The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, together with the Vice-President chosen for the same Term. (The term of the President and Vice-President shall commence at noon of the fourth day of March.)
Section 2 - The Election of the President and Vice-President.
Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States.
The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate;
The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted, referring judgment on the returns to a majority vote of both Congress in joint session.
The person having the greatest Number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives and the Senate in joint session and voting as one body shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, a quorum for this purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Representatives and Senators from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of the whole number from a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice.
The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the House of Representatives and the Senate in joint session and voting as one body shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Representatives and Senators from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of the whole number from a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice.
If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.
The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.
Section 3 - Disability and Succession
In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.
In the Case of a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall appoint a Vice President in like manner as Ambassadors.
Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President as Acting President.
Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.
Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.
Section 4 - Qualifications, Compensation, and Oath of Office
No person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, or a Citizen of the United States, who has been for thirty years a citizen of the United States, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty-five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States. And no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.
The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them.
Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation:
"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."
Section 3 - Civilian Power over Military, Cabinet, Pardon Power, Appointments
The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to Grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States or any State, except in Cases of Impeachment, or when any such Pardon or Reprieve shall be overruled by a two-thirds vote of the Senate.
He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, heads of Agencies, Institutions, and Executive Department, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Agencies, Institutions, or Departments, and establish fair, equitable, and reasonable criteria of merit for the selection of eligible candidates.
The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session; but no person rejected by the Senate shall be reappointed to the same office during their ensuing recess.
Section 4 - State of the Union, Convening Congress
He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.
Section 5 – Disqualification
The President, Vice President and judges of the United States shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
The principal officer in each of the Executive Departments, and all persons connected with the diplomatic service, may be removed from office at the pleasure of the President. All other officers of the Executive Departments may be removed at any time by the President, or other appointing power, when their services are unnecessary, or for dishonesty, incapacity, inefficiency, misconduct, or neglect of duty; and when so removed, the removal shall be reported to the Senate, together with the reasons therefor.
Article III. - The Judicial Branch
Section 1 - Judicial powers
The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behavior, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services a Compensation which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.
Section 2 - Trial by Jury, Original Jurisdiction, Jury Trials
The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;--to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls;--to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;--to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;--to Controversies between two or more States;-- between a State and Citizens of another State where the State is plaintiff;--between Citizens of different States;--between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects; but no State shall be sued by a citizen or subject of any foreign state.
In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such Regulations as the Congress shall make.
The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.
Section 3 – Treason
Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War, Insurrection, or Rebellion against them, by bearing arms in the field against the United States, or in adhering to their Enemies, by giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, on Confession in open Court, on written proof of an overt Act, or on similarly irrefutable evidence.
The Congress shall have power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted.
Article IV - The Bill of Rights
1 - Freedom of Religion, Speech, and of the Press.
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or restricting the ability of the people freely to express themselves and their conscience; or denying the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
2 - Right to Bear Arms.
A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the peopleto keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed unless for violent crimes committed, treason, or insanity.
3- Freedom from arbitrary laws and arrest.
No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall ever be passed. The right of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.
4 - Quartering of Soldiers.
No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
5 - Search and Seizure.
The right of the people to be secure in the privacy of their persons, houses, communications, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. No evidence obtained through unreasonable searches and seizures shall be considered admissible in court.
6 - Trial and Punishment, Compensation for Takings.
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense or a Lesser offense connected to the First to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor shall be coerced to make statements against himself or others, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
7 - Right to Speedy Trial, Confrontation of Witnesses.
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses and other evidence against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses and other evidence in his favor, and to have the Assistance of competent Counsel for his defence. Statements made under coercion shall not be admissible in court.
8 - Trial by Jury in Civil Cases.
In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
9 - Cruel, Excessive, and Inhumane Punishment.
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel, excessive, or otherwise inhumane punishments inflicted.
10 - Construction of Constitution.
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
Article V. - The States
Section 1 – Guarantees to the States
The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.
The domestic institutions and privileges of the several States shall not be infringed by the United States, but no State shall hamper the due exercise of the powers granted by this Constitution to the United States.
Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.
Section 2 - Powers prohibited to States
No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.
No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing it's inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Control of the Congress.
No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay.
No State shall violate the equal rights of conscience, or the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the trial by jury in criminal cases.
Section 3 - Citizens of states
The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.
A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.
(No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.)
Section 4 - New States and Territories
The Congress shall have Power to acquire, dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States.The Congress shall also have power to provide a Republican form of government for the inhabitants of all territory belonging to the United States, lying without the limits of the several States.
New States may be admitted into this Union by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress, either from the territory of the United States or by the inclusion, upon application, of foreign republics and parts thereof. The same vote shall also be sufficient for the purchase of any territory to be added to that of the United States.
No new States shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.
Nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.
Article VI. – Federal Supremacy
All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation.
This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding. When in cases brought before them, should the judiciary find parts or all of the Law in question to be at irreconcilable variance with this Constitution, they shall have power to declare those laws, in whole or part, null and void.
The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution.
Article. VII. - Amendment
The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate. Upon ratification of an Amendment to this Constitution, a revised version of the Constitution, incorporating the Amendment into its text, shall be published by the Congress.
Article. VIII. - Ratification
The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same.
Done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the Independence of the United States of America the Twelfth. In Witness whereof We have hereunto subscribed our Names.
Notes:
This the 1803 version, as approved by the Constitutional Convention and later amended once to revise the Presidential election system and provide for cases of death, inability, and failure to qualify of the President and Vice-President.
Black text is OTL
Red text are changes devised by Zod and Nicomacheus
Brown text are changes taken from the Confederate Constitution
Blue text are changes taken from Madison's writings
Green text are changes introduced from OTL's 11-27th Amendments.
Violet are changes devised by Aranfan and Eurofed
(Italics within brackets denote text that was changed by an OTL Amendment, and would be eventually amended ITTL as well, but that for some reason probably would remain as written IOTL in the original text. Usually these have to do with slavery).
The Constitution of the United States
Preamble
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
Article. I. - The Legislative Branch
Section 1 - The Legislature
All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
Section 2 - The House
The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature.
No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.
(Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons.) The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of Quebec shall be entitled to choose four, Nova Scotia one, New Hampshire three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five and Georgia three.
When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies.
The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment.
Section 3 - The Senate
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, (chosen by the Legislature thereof,) for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.
Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; (and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies.)
No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.
The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.
The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United States.
The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present. Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.
Section 4 - Elections, Meetings
The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Place of Chusing Senators.
The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall (be on the first Monday in February,) unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day. (The term of Senators and Representatives shall commence at noon of the third day of February.)
Section 5 - Membership, Rules, Journals, Adjournment
Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide.
Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behavior, and, with the Concurrence of two-thirds, expel a Member.
Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal.
Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.
Section 6 – Compensation
The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place.
No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office.
But Congress may, by law, grant to the principal officer in each of the Executive Departments and other Agencies and Institutions established under the laws of the United states, as well as such other persons as they may judge useful, a seat upon the floor of either House, with the privilege of discussing any measures appertaining to his department, agency, or expertise. When any such officer shall enter onto the floor of either House, Congress shall have authority to request and require him to provide information appertaining to his department, agency, or expertise, save that on the advice of the President sensitive issues of import to the security of the United States shall be discussed only in closed session of Congress. Former Presidents, possessing great experience and insight into the workings of Government, shall be entitled a voice and seat on the floor of Congress. Those Convicted on Charges of Impeachment shall be stripped of their entitlement to said seat. No person shall hold the privilege of voting in Congress unless they have been duly elected or chosen to either House.
Section 7 - Revenue Bills, Legislative Process, Presidential Veto
All bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills. All bills for the approval of new states shall originate in the Senate; but the House of Representatives may propose of concur with Amendments as on other Bills.
Every law, or resolution having the force of law, shall relate to but one subject, and that shall be expressed in the title.
Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by Yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law.
Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill.
The President may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill. In such case he shall, in signing the bill, designate the appropriations disapproved; and shall return a copy of such appropriations, with his objections, to the House in which the bill shall have originated; and the same proceedings shall then be had as in case of other bills disapproved by the President.
Section 8 - Powers of Congress
The Congress shall have Power:
· To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;
· To borrow money on the credit of the United States;
· To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes;
· To promote Useful Enterprises, including Commerce, Manufacture, and Agriculture, by granting to them Bounties for limited Times; but all Bounties shall be awarded among eligible recipients throughout the United States according to fair and uniform criteria of merit and public usefulness;
· To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;
· To coin Money, emit Bills of Credit, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;
· To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States;
· To establish Post Offices and Post Roads;
· To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times, not exceeding fifty years, to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries, providing for freedom of speech, of the press, scholarship, and similar Fair Use;
· To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;
· To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offenses against the Law of Nations;
· To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;
· To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years;
· To provide and maintain a Navy;
· To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;
· To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;
· To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;
· To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District as may, by Cession of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings; And
· To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
Section 9 - Limits on Congress
(The Introduction of Persons held to Service or Labour from any State not a member of, or Territory not belonging to, the United States shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person. Any such introduction shall be hereby forbidden after the Year one thousand eight hundred and twenty-three; and Congress shall be required to pass such laws as shall effectually prevent the same.)
(No capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or Enumeration herein before directed to be taken.)
No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.
No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.
No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time.
No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.
No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince or foreign State.
Article. II. - The Executive Branch
Section 1 - The President
The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, together with the Vice-President chosen for the same Term. (The term of the President and Vice-President shall commence at noon of the fourth day of March.)
Section 2 - The Election of the President and Vice-President.
Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States.
The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate;
The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted, referring judgment on the returns to a majority vote of both Congress in joint session.
The person having the greatest Number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives and the Senate in joint session and voting as one body shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, a quorum for this purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Representatives and Senators from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of the whole number from a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice.
The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the House of Representatives and the Senate in joint session and voting as one body shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Representatives and Senators from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of the whole number from a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice.
If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.
The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.
Section 3 - Disability and Succession
In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.
In the Case of a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall appoint a Vice President in like manner as Ambassadors.
Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President as Acting President.
Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.
Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.
Section 4 - Qualifications, Compensation, and Oath of Office
No person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, or a Citizen of the United States, who has been for thirty years a citizen of the United States, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty-five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States. And no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.
The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them.
Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation:
"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."
Section 3 - Civilian Power over Military, Cabinet, Pardon Power, Appointments
The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to Grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States or any State, except in Cases of Impeachment, or when any such Pardon or Reprieve shall be overruled by a two-thirds vote of the Senate.
He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, heads of Agencies, Institutions, and Executive Department, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Agencies, Institutions, or Departments, and establish fair, equitable, and reasonable criteria of merit for the selection of eligible candidates.
The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session; but no person rejected by the Senate shall be reappointed to the same office during their ensuing recess.
Section 4 - State of the Union, Convening Congress
He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.
Section 5 – Disqualification
The President, Vice President and judges of the United States shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
The principal officer in each of the Executive Departments, and all persons connected with the diplomatic service, may be removed from office at the pleasure of the President. All other officers of the Executive Departments may be removed at any time by the President, or other appointing power, when their services are unnecessary, or for dishonesty, incapacity, inefficiency, misconduct, or neglect of duty; and when so removed, the removal shall be reported to the Senate, together with the reasons therefor.
Article III. - The Judicial Branch
Section 1 - Judicial powers
The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behavior, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services a Compensation which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.
Section 2 - Trial by Jury, Original Jurisdiction, Jury Trials
The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;--to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls;--to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;--to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;--to Controversies between two or more States;-- between a State and Citizens of another State where the State is plaintiff;--between Citizens of different States;--between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects; but no State shall be sued by a citizen or subject of any foreign state.
In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such Regulations as the Congress shall make.
The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.
Section 3 – Treason
Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War, Insurrection, or Rebellion against them, by bearing arms in the field against the United States, or in adhering to their Enemies, by giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, on Confession in open Court, on written proof of an overt Act, or on similarly irrefutable evidence.
The Congress shall have power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted.
Article IV - The Bill of Rights
1 - Freedom of Religion, Speech, and of the Press.
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or restricting the ability of the people freely to express themselves and their conscience; or denying the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
2 - Right to Bear Arms.
A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the peopleto keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed unless for violent crimes committed, treason, or insanity.
3- Freedom from arbitrary laws and arrest.
No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall ever be passed. The right of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.
4 - Quartering of Soldiers.
No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
5 - Search and Seizure.
The right of the people to be secure in the privacy of their persons, houses, communications, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. No evidence obtained through unreasonable searches and seizures shall be considered admissible in court.
6 - Trial and Punishment, Compensation for Takings.
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense or a Lesser offense connected to the First to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor shall be coerced to make statements against himself or others, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
7 - Right to Speedy Trial, Confrontation of Witnesses.
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses and other evidence against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses and other evidence in his favor, and to have the Assistance of competent Counsel for his defence. Statements made under coercion shall not be admissible in court.
8 - Trial by Jury in Civil Cases.
In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
9 - Cruel, Excessive, and Inhumane Punishment.
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel, excessive, or otherwise inhumane punishments inflicted.
10 - Construction of Constitution.
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
Article V. - The States
Section 1 – Guarantees to the States
The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.
The domestic institutions and privileges of the several States shall not be infringed by the United States, but no State shall hamper the due exercise of the powers granted by this Constitution to the United States.
Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.
Section 2 - Powers prohibited to States
No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.
No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing it's inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Control of the Congress.
No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay.
No State shall violate the equal rights of conscience, or the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the trial by jury in criminal cases.
Section 3 - Citizens of states
The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.
A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.
(No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.)
Section 4 - New States and Territories
The Congress shall have Power to acquire, dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States.The Congress shall also have power to provide a Republican form of government for the inhabitants of all territory belonging to the United States, lying without the limits of the several States.
New States may be admitted into this Union by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress, either from the territory of the United States or by the inclusion, upon application, of foreign republics and parts thereof. The same vote shall also be sufficient for the purchase of any territory to be added to that of the United States.
No new States shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.
Nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.
Article VI. – Federal Supremacy
All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation.
This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding. When in cases brought before them, should the judiciary find parts or all of the Law in question to be at irreconcilable variance with this Constitution, they shall have power to declare those laws, in whole or part, null and void.
The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution.
Article. VII. - Amendment
The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate. Upon ratification of an Amendment to this Constitution, a revised version of the Constitution, incorporating the Amendment into its text, shall be published by the Congress.
Article. VIII. - Ratification
The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same.
Done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the Independence of the United States of America the Twelfth. In Witness whereof We have hereunto subscribed our Names.
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i have a question what will be the future of the mideast since now that there is an Egyptian empire? i guess you guys are setting the stage for the next war which will be very far down the road. Also will Britain be a decaying power also that it will assimilate into the EF? And the the US should change its name into the UNION because the United States of America,Oceania,Africa is too long. And in the next war will it be the Union against Brazil and BSA? And the casualties for a war this magnitude is probably triple then that of the Civil War in our timeline. And will there a major war planed down the road between the four mega states? And where is oil in the future. If you create an Indian republic they have the mideast on their sights and alot of oil and natural gas but the EF would not like that. So will resources(oil and natural gas) in Africa and Mideast be flash point for future conflicts and war?
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Eurofed
Banned
It is certainly going to be an "interesting" place now that the Ottomans have collapsed, the Egyptains try their best to claim their mantle, and the Russian bear has staged its breakout to the warm waters.
Yup. As of now, all the great powers are ctaching their breath and trying to rebuild and dapt after the huge effort of the Great War. Moreover, as a AH writer, I tend to follow the model of major wars occurring on a (multi-)generational cycle.
This is a very long-term question, don't you think ? First there needs to be at least another world war to dismantle the British Empire.
The name issue is... *complex*. Personally I tentatively fancy United States of Earth, but the name issue was discussed at length some time ago and I cannot remember which name we agreed upon, if any. However, we have a quite satisfactory solution for the flag, thanks to Aranfan. Fortunately, as long as the US remains largely contained to the Americas, there is no need for a name change.
Not just the BSA. US ownership of the Philippines means that the US and the British Empire is going to clash in the Pacific, too.
Meaning the casualties of the recent Great War ? More or less, yes. Not a surprise, since it has been ACW copied and pasted over South America, and rolled together with WWI. However, with the 1860s-1870s technological level, trench warfare was present but so dominant as with the 1910s level, so that put some limit to the body count, impressive as it was. This is a major reason why the next big war is not going to happen very soon.
Who knows. Nukes might get in the way.
They could be one of the major issues in a Cold War when the quadripolar model gets into shape, yes. However, with all the extra industrialization and consumer affluence ITTL, they could be forced to wean their economies out of fossil fuels earlier than OTL.
Eurofed
Banned
Quite probably. As I said, the relevant discussion occurred long ago enough that my memory of what we agreed upon is fuzzy.
But I trust your memory.Haven't read the entire TL yet, but I have to say that this is very remarkable. Over the last few days, I've been thinking about writing a 'Posen-Saxony' TL when my CP Italy timeline finished, and these ideas look very similar to mine. Prussia dominant in the Confederation, Napoleon II on the French throne, Sardinian Corsica, stronger Naples (although I hadn't thought about Murat yet when I was thinking this out. Mind if I use it?)... anyway, it looks fairly similar. I wasn't sure whether to give such a harsh peace to Austria and Britain, though. Are you sure it's plausible? This isn't the early 20th Century, this is the early 19th.
Anyway, thanks for giving me the guarantee that Russia and Prussia are able to win such a war.
Eurofed
Banned
Well, in the wake of such a war, it is reasonable that Russia and Prussia would try to uproot British presence in Central Europe, and cut down Austria severely. Prussia did annex Hanover in 1866, and would have likely got Bohemia-Moravia if the Prussian-Italian alliance had performed better, it was an extension of its 18th century conquest of Silesia. Saxony was the reason they would go to war at all. As it concerns Russia, Galicia is its obvious war gain in such a war, they wanted it for strategic reasons and it would make their new Polish subjects happier. They would also be interested in cutting down an hostile Austria in order to seize supremacy in the Balkans. As it concerns Italy, fattening their new Neapolitan ally gives them a foothold in the Mediterranean and denies the area to France and Austria alike. Prussia and Russia always were the powers with the most radical ideas about the extent of territorial rearrangements at the Congress of Vienna. With France, Britain, and Austria defeated powers, they have a free rein, and this kind of peace keeps a rough balance between themselves, with Naples as a useful third leg, while cutting down France and Austria in the position of second-rate great powers (Actually the defeat is so severe that Austria is sent into a death spiral in the medium term, but the powers are not necessarily aware of it, since economic and nationalistic factors play a role in its demise). It is still a balance of power of sorts, even if not as equal as Britain or France or Austria would have liked it, but they are not in the position to say anything about it.
Haven't read the entire TL yet, but I have to say that this is very remarkable. Over the last few days, I've been thinking about writing a 'Posen-Saxony' TL when my CP Italy timeline finished, and these ideas look very similar to mine. Prussia dominant in the Confederation, Napoleon II on the French throne, Sardinian Corsica, stronger Naples (although I hadn't thought about Murat yet when I was thinking this out. Mind if I use it?)... anyway, it looks fairly similar. I wasn't sure whether to give such a harsh peace to Austria and Britain, though. Are you sure it's plausible? This isn't the early 20th Century, this is the early 19th.
Anyway, thanks for giving me the guarantee that Russia and Prussia are able to win such a war.
Also, the accurate/non-awful world maps start here. After that they start syncing with his updates more accurately. Just check that as you read if you want to understand whats happening better.
I'm sure if there's TTL's version of political correctness, the official name would have to be changed to "prevent offending" those who don't live in the American continent. It's true that the name United States of the Americas and Oceania is pretty long. However, OTL also had a similar example, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (or the UK). I would imagine that while the common name "United States" would stay, the official name would have to include those that are not "American." Admittedly, that would brought more complications about the common demonym "American." Maybe the citizens of the United States would be called "Unionites" or "Yankees" or whatever name that suits.
Eurofed
Banned
I can tell you for sure that I don't see any really compelling reason for political correctness to exist ITTL, and the author hates the concept, so he has no motivation to give the meme a butterfly break into existence.
List of states:
1 Delaware
2 Pennsylvania
3 New Jersey
4 Georgia
5 Connecticut
6 Massachusetts
7 Maryland
8 South Carolina
9 New Hampshire
10 Virginia
11 New York
12 North Carolina
13 Rhode Island
14 Quebec
15 Nova Scotia
16 Vermont
17 Kentucky
18 Franklin
19 Tennessee
20 Ohio
21 East Quebec
22 Louisiana
23 Indiana
24 Mississippi
25 Illinois
26 Alabama
27 Jamaica
28 West Dominic
29 East Dominic
30 Maine
31 Missouri
32 Michigan
33 Ottawa
34 Arkansas
35 East Florida
36 Wisconsin
37 Iowa
38 West Florida
39 Minnesota
40 West Guyana
41 East Guyana
42 Winnipeg
43 Venezuela
44 Columbia
45 Ecuador
46 Orinoco
47 Texas
48 Madison
49 Crockett
50 Arnold
51 Coahuila
52 Tampico
53 North California
54 South California
55 Boyaca
56 North Peru
57 South Peru
58 Bolivia
59 Carleton
60 West Virginia
61 East Tennessee
62 Dakota
63 Platte
64 Shawnee
65 Jefferson
66 Acadia
67 Washington
67 states, and we haven't hit 1870 yet. This is a masterpiece.
1 Delaware
2 Pennsylvania
3 New Jersey
4 Georgia
5 Connecticut
6 Massachusetts
7 Maryland
8 South Carolina
9 New Hampshire
10 Virginia
11 New York
12 North Carolina
13 Rhode Island
14 Quebec
15 Nova Scotia
16 Vermont
17 Kentucky
18 Franklin
19 Tennessee
20 Ohio
21 East Quebec
22 Louisiana
23 Indiana
24 Mississippi
25 Illinois
26 Alabama
27 Jamaica
28 West Dominic
29 East Dominic
30 Maine
31 Missouri
32 Michigan
33 Ottawa
34 Arkansas
35 East Florida
36 Wisconsin
37 Iowa
38 West Florida
39 Minnesota
40 West Guyana
41 East Guyana
42 Winnipeg
43 Venezuela
44 Columbia
45 Ecuador
46 Orinoco
47 Texas
48 Madison
49 Crockett
50 Arnold
51 Coahuila
52 Tampico
53 North California
54 South California
55 Boyaca
56 North Peru
57 South Peru
58 Bolivia
59 Carleton
60 West Virginia
61 East Tennessee
62 Dakota
63 Platte
64 Shawnee
65 Jefferson
66 Acadia
67 Washington
67 states, and we haven't hit 1870 yet. This is a masterpiece.
Originally, I created an account just so I could subscribe to this thread. I have thank Eurofed for managing to create an extremely plausible timeline in which the US becomes a gigantic world power. I loved it so much that I decided to chronicle all of the happenings so far in several Word documents, organized into The Americas, Europe, and Asia (anticipating future developments there).
Also, I saved all of the maps so far in another document, (great work, Helios Ra) as well as the updated USAO constitution (yet again, great job Eurofed and Aranfan). I realize I may have just wasted my time, but I figured that if anybody wants a copy, I'd at least make it available. I bow to the greatness that is this timeline.
Also, I saved all of the maps so far in another document, (great work, Helios Ra) as well as the updated USAO constitution (yet again, great job Eurofed and Aranfan). I realize I may have just wasted my time, but I figured that if anybody wants a copy, I'd at least make it available. I bow to the greatness that is this timeline.
Originally, I created an account just so I could subscribe to this thread. I have thank Eurofed for managing to create an extremely plausible timeline in which the US becomes a gigantic world power. I loved it so much that I decided to chronicle all of the happenings so far in several Word documents, organized into The Americas, Europe, and Asia (anticipating future developments there).
Also, I saved all of the maps so far in another document, (great work, Helios Ra) as well as the updated USAO constitution (yet again, great job Eurofed and Aranfan). I realize I may have just wasted my time, but I figured that if anybody wants a copy, I'd at least make it available. I bow to the greatness that is this timeline.
Well thank you very much. The maps were quite fun to make.
I'm not sure I'd ever have the patience to create that many maps. <_<Well thank you very much. The maps were quite fun to make.
Eurofed
Banned
Originally, I created an account just so I could subscribe to this thread. I have thank Eurofed for managing to create an extremely plausible timeline in which the US becomes a gigantic world power. I loved it so much that I decided to chronicle all of the happenings so far in several Word documents, organized into The Americas, Europe, and Asia (anticipating future developments there).
Also, I saved all of the maps so far in another document, (great work, Helios Ra) as well as the updated USAO constitution (yet again, great job Eurofed and Aranfan). I realize I may have just wasted my time, but I figured that if anybody wants a copy, I'd at least make it available. I bow to the greatness that is this timeline.
Your earnest praise and support is thankfully appreciated.
That's for you too, Vosem. Now, in recent times I made a thorough review of the first part of the TL when I started a collaborative TL project (here) with Aranfan which is meant to be a variant of this TL. This collaborative extensive re-evaluation made me realize that an handful of details might warrant changes in USAO, too, and would likely appear in a future hypothetical revised version of the TL, but it's nothing radical. In second thoughts, some details here and there could be done better, since USAO to a degree has been a work in progress. No radical change, however.
Helios-Ra's map-making skills have been an extremely useful contribution, by the way.
My own TL that I've been writing hasn't been getting much attention (I've gotten one follower), and I really like this one; I've always thought the U.S.'s rise to power was just a series of chance events that benefited the U.S. -- this TL proves that, depending on what you compare it to, OTL U.S. really started out with the short end of the stick.
I've been wondering if I could, you know, write a more detailed version of this; much of the early timeline is simply dates and a vague description of events; even later, it's sort of vague on many things. I'd sort of base the style of writing of Jared's Decades of Darkness (and the actual events off of what you've written here, of course). Each paragraph would get (approximately) its own chapter. What do you say, Eurofed?
I've been wondering if I could, you know, write a more detailed version of this; much of the early timeline is simply dates and a vague description of events; even later, it's sort of vague on many things. I'd sort of base the style of writing of Jared's Decades of Darkness (and the actual events off of what you've written here, of course). Each paragraph would get (approximately) its own chapter. What do you say, Eurofed?
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Eurofed
Banned
Again, you may check on the "Vive La Revolution" TL to get an idea of the kind of changes and extra detail could get added to a future revised version of USAO. Although not all the changes introduced to VLR are appropriate for or compatible with USAO, some would be, since VLR got the benefit of extra development. At the moment, I am not really willing or foresee the need to give the TL more development than that.