United Papua/New Guinea

I hadn't realized until a few years ago that the name Papua actually applied to the whole of New Guinea, instead of just the state of Papua New Guinea. The reasons why West Papua was not included in Indonesia in 1949 are a bit fuzzy. Then in 1962, it was scheduled to become independent on its own, but the United States forced the Netherlands to give it to Indonesia, supposedly because of Cold War considerations. Then Indonesia staged a phony "Act of Free Choice" forcing Papuan tribal representatives to support the union.

This leaves one wondering, if there is actually a common native name, Papua, for the whole island, could there be a single national identity? If West Papua had become independent as planned, would it have united with the east of the island, or would the colonial powers have combined their territories in advance, and then the whole thing becomes independent as one country?
 

Cook

Banned
This leaves one wondering, if there is actually a common native name, Papua, for the whole island, could there be a single national identity? If West Papua had become independent as planned, would it have united with the east of the island...

Left to its own devices it would have, but the period concerned was the early years of Indonesia and President Sukarno’s reign. Sukarno believed that Indonesia constituted all the former territories of Dutch colonial rule, including Western Papua. Indonesia at the time was facing multiple internal autonomy and independence struggles and could not afford to allow any provinces to have a breath of independence without facing the threat of the complete Balkanisation of the Archipelago.

Actually Sukarno also wanted Papua (Eastern) New Guinea, all of Borneo and allegedly Arnhem Land as well.

An independent Western Papua would have most probably united with the East sometime in the 1970s following PNG’s independence from Australia, there are very strong tribal ties on both sides of the border.

There is still an independent Papuan movement by the way, but because of Indonesia’s internal migration scheme they now constitute a minority in the province and have no chance of independence.
 
This leaves one wondering, if there is actually a common native name, Papua, for the whole island, could there be a single national identity? If West Papua had become independent as planned, would it have united with the east of the island, or would the colonial powers have combined their territories in advance, and then the whole thing becomes independent as one country?

The end of Dutch rule was a real mess. By all rights, West Papua should be its own state or part of a common state of Papua - but there's no common language. Actually there's a few thousand, and it was one of the first places in the world to develop agriculture.

It, along with most of the rest of Indonesia, is largely the victim of Javanese colonial rule. The Javanese took over as a colonial power from the Dutch - and before the Dutch, keep in mind Indonesia was actually a collection of independent states, the populations of which are pretty much all culturally and linguistically distinct. There were all sorts of independence movements after WW2 - the Moluccas and Sumatra being the biggest, but not the only ones. Unfortunately for them the Javanese have the numbers and the military....and the only thing that keeps Indonesia together is the military and their widespread economic interests - one of which is that large gold mine in West Papua.

There's no real reason for Indonesia to exist as it does as a single state. Like I said, its the Javanese military that force it to keep together - it may in name be a democracy but thats a bit if a farce as Java has the bulk of the population and they;ve been shipping there excess out - too places like West Papua.....
 
Look at the mid-1960's for the latest POD, and the 1969 Act of Free Choice farce as the OTL event that occurs very differently.

Read this source:
http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/blogs...nd-my-paperfree-newspaper-20101105-17ga5.html

As well as Laos, JFK said that West Papua was going to end up as part of Indonesia (AGAINST his own public stance) If this goes to air, the Laos admission would change the entire SE-Asian conflict.

The delicate UN backed discussions between Holland and Indon. would also go to hell, and Menzies would be out of a job.

Actually Sukarno also wanted Papua (Eastern) New Guinea, all of Borneo and allegedly Arnhem Land as well.


Hmm what?
 

Cook

Banned
Hmm what?

Allegedly Sukarno had maps made showing West Irian, East Irian (PNG) and South Irian (Arnhem Land) all as part of Indonesia. The claim shows up from time to time in books from the period.

We are talking about Bung Karno so reality can tend to take a back seat to ambition.
 
Allegedly Sukarno had maps made showing West Irian, East Irian (PNG) and South Irian (Arnhem Land) all as part of Indonesia. The claim shows up from time to time in books from the period.

We are talking about Bung Karno so reality can tend to take a back seat to ambition.

hahaha I thought you meant like a credible attempt to really get the Arnhem Land.

In terms of Sukarno's ambition, I've heard of major chunks of WA/NT also being lumped in as South Irian!
 
Don’t know. I’ve never been able to track down a copy of one of the maps.

Sounds like a shaggy dog story to me. There's a few versions of this floating around. Here's a couple

South Irian ...is a name allegedly given by the Indonesian government to all of the land north of Townsville, Queensland and, I believe, all of New Zealand. This story allegedly comes, with photographs, supposedly taken by an Australian school teacher on a visit to Indonesian classrooms.

One news story comes from Fair Dinkum Back Issues #43 quote...
Australia is "ripe for invasion"(Sunday Mail, 24/11/96).

Indonesia has a standing army 493,000 strong.
Australia's armed forces are just 63,000.
Indonesia is responsible for the deaths in East Timor alone of 500, 000 men, women, and children.
They lay claim to all Australian territory above the 20 Degree latitude line (ie, the line below Townsville and Tennant Creek).
Their maps describe this land as "South Irian".
An Indonesian military camp is reportedly located in Australia's Northern Territory. (ACA, Surry Hills, NSW) ...unquote.


Newsclip from May 1965

When Sir Wilfred Kent-Hughes, M.P., told the (australian) Federal Parliament some time back that he had knowledge of Australia being shown on Indonesian maps as part of the Indonesian Empire, he was ridiculed by extreme Left-wing Labor and its journalistic blood brothers. But now comes the news that the British Foreign Secretary, Mr. Michael Stewart, has made a similar allegation at the SEATO Conference in London. The Australian press of May 6 reported Mr. Stewart as saying that Australia and the Philippines were Indonesia's next target of aggression. He told the Conference that Indonesians referred to Australia as "South Irian", the Indian Ocean as "the Indonesian Ocean", and Papua-New Guinea as "East Irian". Mr. Stewart said he had every reason to believe that Dr, Sukarno's territorial ambitions did not end with Malaysia.

An Indonesian Embassy spokesman denied that Indonesia had any territorial ambitions beyond West Irian". "This is just a question of names ... We use the name Irian for the whole island of New Guinea."
This is a plausible statement, but all official pronouncements from the spokesmen of Communist regimes are subject to a large - sometimes total - dialectical discount. Indonesia also denies, officially, that it is attacking Malaysia.

And here's a book review....

Below the Line
By Eric Willmot
Hutchinson, 202 pp. $12.95
Reviewed by Robin Osborne

A novel by an Aborigine about an Indonesian invasion of Australia simply has to be interesting, especially when the author is as wellknown as this one. (Willmot's last book was about the great Aboriginal warrior Pemulwuy after whom the recently opened Koori school in Sydney was named. He is an educationist and has broadcast for the [SIZE=-1]ABC[/SIZE].) The extraordinary scenario is based on what must be white Australia's greatest phobia — excluding perhaps the return of Aboriginal land — and it begins deep in the jungle of Irian Jaya, the half of New Guinea that Indonesia acquired in an earlier land grab.

Enter Angela Steen, an Australian, who was captured in what has become occupied [SIZE=-1]PNG[/SIZE] and sent across the border-that-no longer-exists to a prison camp where, in the company of several [SIZE=-1]PNG[/SIZE] women, she is maltreated and finally raped by the Indonesian guards. "I hope those bastards wind up in Perth one day", Angela says. "Their Asian hides will be nailed to a limestone wall." Alas, as she soon discovers, a good deal of Australia has fallen under the Indonesian jack boot. A line has been drawn between Brisbane and Carnarvon. Everything to the north of it is now "South Irian", the remainder being Australia. For reasons not made entirely clear, Angela, but not her companions, is released and placed on a ship bound for, of all places, Hawaii. There she is reunited with her husband, one of the many "Ex North of the Liners" ([SIZE=-1]XNOL[/SIZE]'s) who have decided not to settle in what is left of Australia.

After cursing the [SIZE=-1]US[/SIZE] for deserting its Australian ally, and abusing her husband for cowardice in not going back to fight, Angela decides to return to what is left of home. Her native Townsville is occupied, so Sydney becomes the next best thing. "How much of the country do we still hold?", one character asks, "What about Darwin?" "Darwin is now called Larakia", he's told, "It is now the capital of South Irian." Back "home", Angela learns what happened. After war between Indonesia and [SIZE=-1]PNG[/SIZE], with Australia helping but failing to save its former "protectorate", waves of refugees headed for Australia, most of them engineered by Indonesia. Some 200,000 were later believed to have been disguised forward strike troops.
New Zealand came to Australia's aid, as did an unofficial force of Japanese volunteers. The [SIZE=-1]USA[/SIZE] made a token commitment — but then Australia isn't as important as Kuwait, is it? — and [SIZE=-1]UN[/SIZE] peace forces were placed in a continent-wide buffer zone. Later, the Line was demarcated by a deadly electric fence, a sort of up-market version of that which presently deters rabbits.

About the only positive note Angela can find is that unemployment has become a thing of the past, even if many people are working in semi-military or civil defence roles. This is now a properly planned economy, a friend tells her. "Sounds like bloody communism", she says.
"Socialism or communism: they only really work under a totalitarian system, and with the emergency that's what we have."
Could be worse, however, as there are no taxes and no millionaires, a rapid rise in the now-abolished former having brought about the demise of the latter. Not content with the state of affairs, Angela adopts a new identity and finds work in a Line settlement named West Kitchen, run mostly for military purposes.

After much partying with the frontier inhabitants, and in the early stages of a new love affair, she launches herself across the Line in the company of a soldier-bushman who absconds with a high-tech armoured car.
"They hit the fence and the night exploded into blue-white writhing light. They were in South Irian." What they do there, apart from making love on the sand, is somewhat anti-climactic, despite their earlier high hopes for raiding Indonesian settlements and gleaning intelligence. In fact the invaders have pulled back to the towns, finding, as did many whites a century earlier, that the desert region is less than hospitable.
That is, unless you happen to be a Chosen One, an Aboriginal person, for, as the adventurers discover, groups are still living on the land which for millennia has nurtured their forebears. To everyone else, this dry land has become a prison without walls, and those who can flee, do.
Predictably, the ill-defined mission ends in capture for the Australians, yet Angela, the great survivor, is again released and by book's end she is back in Hawaii.

The Indonesians, however, are not back in Java and the Republic of South Irian has adopted a semblance of autonomy, with many [SIZE=-1]XNOL[/SIZE]'s leaving "Australia" to live in it. Angela's view, and on the evidence it would be hard to differ, is that "It's a shithouse world", although the last page reveals some personal good news. None for the rest of us, however.
Although an implausible scenario, it's as good a guess as any about what might happen if relations between Australia and its near neighbour break down.
 
waves of refugees headed for Australia, most of them engineered by Indonesia. Some 200,000 were later believed to have been disguised forward strike troops.

The [SIZE=-1]USA[/SIZE] made a token commitment — but then Australia isn't as important as Kuwait, is it? — and [SIZE=-1]UN[/SIZE] peace forces were placed in a continent-wide buffer zone.

So.

200,000 'Boat people' are sent over as shock troops. I love how it's later believed that they are troops... because 200,000 people carrying kalashnikovs and maps of suburban Darwin wouldn't be seen as a threat to the nation. It's simply the new aggression marketing campaign of Ozzi Tourism?

Also, ANZUS is ignored and the UN execute MacArthur's Brisbane Plan...

How was this published? Or is this unbelievable premise simply the background onto which a rich tapestry of drama between characters is painted?

(Like Tomorrow When the War Began, which is NOT an action book/film)
 
Top