Union and Liberty: An American TL

[wilcoxchar]

It would but it might not be enough.

But in OTL during the Gold Rush California was one of the most expensive places to live in there was so much gold around that within California it actually had little value. So while California's international debts might be easily paid internally it might still be a mess. The government might be broke if all the mines are privately owned. And although it might put high taxes on mining; if it behaves like Mexico (and many other latin american countries did early on) the land owning elites would be tax exempt. So the government would still be broke.
Also while there is lots of gold and silver mining infrastructure might not be as developed as OTL, so deeper bigger mines might not be able to be mined till later. However by the 1900s there should be no problem.

Also I think that while there might be an attempt or the though of annexing all of California in the same way that there was an "all Mexico" sentiment in OTL for some people. But it would not be great for the US to have a large territory, with an angry unwilling occupied population. Sure it is only 2 million people at most. But even that would be a huge nuisance.
TR might even support this but I think it is smarter. Much easier to annex the Anglo "willing" parts of California and put a pro American president in power.

Anyway I've been campaigning of a free california all day. It is your TL, and either way it is still the best.

No problem on your campaigning, it's always good to have input on what my plans for the TL are. And anyway, I still haven't fully decided on what will happen to California. I like it being independent too. I'm also liking the idea of San Francisco Bay being on a border between two countries more and more as I think about it. So I think I will go with the US annexing only the northern districts. Still not sure on where San Isidro is going to go. The US might only take some small bits along the Rio Grande.

Quik question on the map. Does Isabella = Vegas, Euskino = Tuscon, and Vanguardia = Salt Lake City more or less?

Isabella is near Walker Pass in California approximately at the town of Ridgecrest, Euskino is Phoenix, and Vanguardia is Provo. Vegas isn't shown on the map but it would be at the very northwest of Cañon.


I'll post the next update tomorrow. Got it all finished, now I just have to go through and do the footnotes.

 

[wilcoxchar]

Here's the next update. Sorry it jumps around a lot, there was just so much to cover and I couldn't figure out a very efficient way to organize it. Lots of footnotes though, although I've left some things for you to figure out on your own.


Science and Technology #1: The 1860s: A Decade at War

The National War in the United States and the two European wars that engulfed much of that continent in the 1860s brought about a relative revolution in military doctrine and saw the popularization of several new forms of technology. The three conflicts that gave the 1860s its nickname of the "Warring Sixties" exhibited many changes in military thinking that had taken place since the First Napoleonic Wars half a century earlier. In North America, the National War introduced new forms of communication and weaponry to military practice. The Spencer-Colt repeating rifle was one of the first lever-action repeating rifles and was the first of its kind to be adopted by any country's military. The Union Army began using the Spencer-Colt in 1863 during the beginning of the National War, and in 1865 also licensed production of the more updated Houston rifle[1]. The Union also used more innovations in the war.

The National War was the first to be luzographed. Famous images taken with early luceptors from the war include President Andrew Johnson at camp during his charge and the final surrender of the Confederacy in 1866[2]. Along with new inventions in recording images, transmitting communications also advanced. Telegraph systems developed by Samuel Morse and others were strung all around the country in the 1850s and proved vital for transmitting messages during the progress of the National War. Further advances were also made in medicine during the National War. New York Senator and vice presidential candidate Walt Whitman pushed in Congress for the foundation of permanent military hospitals in major conflict areas and the establishment of a permanent doctoral staff to serve in the field. Along with these advances, the National War saw the first use of anaesthetic treatment of wounded soldiers in a battlefield operation.

In Europe, the Grand Unification War and the Second Napoleonic War ravaged the continent in the years after the conclusion of the National War in the United States. The wars in Europe also brought advances in military fields, although these were more in the theoretical and logistical areas of warfare. After the First Napoleonic Wars, Austrian veteran Joseph Radetzky von Radetz retired from leading battles and began penning treatises on the conduct of war. Looking at the wars of Napoleon in hindsight, Radetzky wrote a series of works and formed the basis on the new style of warfare that bears his name. Radetzkian war theory espoused the more mobile warfare that was pioneered in the First Napoleonic Wars with the strength of cavalry and lighter field artillery. Radetzky combined these tactical innovations with strategic views of war and the interconnection of war with politics and economics[3]. Recently, some historians have discovered that Radetzky may have based his broader theories on an unpublished manuscript by a contemporary Prussian officer[4]. This discovery shows that the developments of warfare in the first half of the nineteenth century and the wars of the 1860s would change the way strategists planned for conflict in the next century.

The 1860s did not just produce advances in military oriented technology. The decade was also host to a number of new inventions and developments in more constructive and scientific disciplines. Austrian physicist Johann Mendel first produced a color luzograph using various translucent colored filters in 1863. However, Italy at this time was producing more technological breakthroughs than Vienna. After first synthesizing and stabilizing the compound pyroglycerin[5] in the late 1840s, Ascanio Sobrero first applied its explosive properties twenty years later. Pyroglycerin was used to construct the first tunnel under the Alps, enabling a connection from France to Italy by rail in 1868. Meanwhile in Florence, Garibaldi supported a man named Antonio Meucci whom he had become acquainted to in Havana in the 1840s[6]. With the Italian government's assistance, Meucci developed the world's first telephone in 1866 and by the end of the Grand Unification War, the private telephone was widespread in Europe and would soon spread to North America, prompting further innovations.

[1] The Spencer-Colt is the OTL Spencer repeating rifle; the Houston is the OTL Henry rifle.
[2] Luzography/luzograph = photography/photograph; luceptor = camera, meaning 'light capturing device'.
[3] Basically Clausewitzian theory with a bit more emphasis on maneuver warfare.
[4] Carl von Clausewitz's wife did not publish his unfinished manuscript ITTL.
[5] Nitroglycerin
[6] In OTL Meucci moved to Staten Island in 1850 where Garibaldi stayed in his apartment. I have them meeting in Havana and Garibaldi as head of a revolutionary Italy helps Meucci commercially. Meucci was probably the inventor of the first telephone, but he was unable to pay the $10 for a patent before Alexander Graham Bell did in 1876 in OTL.

 

[jycee]

Second Napoleonic War? For the Franco Prussian war to deserve such a name it must be significantly larger than OTL's. And somehow put Britain and France once again at odds. (Only way for US to declare war against Britain in the great war as already suggested is to have France on the opposite side).

 

[CT23]

I'd say go for full annexation.

 

[Venusian Si]

I love how much your TL is influenced by the readers comment. It was so cool to see Jycee’s influence on Sonora, and my influence on Chickasaw.

Now, let’s address the biggest issue. While I have previously supported both completely annexation and independence, I believe your best bet is going to be a combination of the two…if that makes sense.

One thing I loved about the complete annexation scenario as portrayed in your California post is the TL-191 feel it had. In principle, the annexation of California should have very much the same results as the annexation of Canada or the CSA by Turtledove’s USA. Thus, the United States should get its first true lesson in 20th century domestic terrorism. At the same time though, it doesn’t feel as nearly as idiotic of a move as it did in Turtledove’s book.

In any case, I do have a few comments about the different regions.

#1. Northern/Anglo California: Presumably, this will be the region of California that the US will best be able to manipulate race relations in its favor due to the large non-Hispanic population. This means that this region is the most likely region that the U.S. will keep in any annexation-related event. As for possible states, I could see Sacramento and Trujillo being combined into the State of Sacramento. I also see the Yerba Buena district along with the Northern half of the Monterey district being admitted as the state of Yerba Buena. The northern half of Mojane will probably be divided between Gran Cuenca and Canon.


#2. San Isidro/Canon- As with modern Arizona, I see these two districts remaining sparsely populated until the proper irrigation technology is installed. As such, the U.S. could probably load this region with settlers by the time the Hispanic population would adopt the new tech, and drown out the voices of the patriotic Californians. If the U.S. does keep this region, San Isidro and Canon would probably be combined into one state.

 

[wilcoxchar]

Second Napoleonic War? For the Franco Prussian war to deserve such a name it must be significantly larger than OTL's. And somehow put Britain and France once again at odds. (Only way for US to declare war against Britain in the great war as already suggested is to have France on the opposite side).

France is at war with Britain, but not with Prussia.

I'd say go for full annexation.

I had an idea. I'll make it a poll once I get there! I'm thinking the choices should be the Northern Distrcits, the Northern Districts + overthrow gov't, the Northern Districts + San Isidro, the Northern Districts + San Isidro + overthrow gov't, or complete annexation.

I love how much your TL is influenced by the readers comment. It was so cool to see Jycee’s influence on Sonora, and my influence on Chickasaw.

Now, let’s address the biggest issue. While I have previously supported both completely annexation and independence, I believe your best bet is going to be a combination of the two…if that makes sense.

One thing I loved about the complete annexation scenario as portrayed in your California post is the TL-191 feel it had. In principle, the annexation of California should have very much the same results as the annexation of Canada or the CSA by Turtledove’s USA. Thus, the United States should get its first true lesson in 20th century domestic terrorism. At the same time though, it doesn’t feel as nearly as idiotic of a move as it did in Turtledove’s book.

In any case, I do have a few comments about the different regions.

#1. Northern/Anglo California: Presumably, this will be the region of California that the US will best be able to manipulate race relations in its favor due to the large non-Hispanic population. This means that this region is the most likely region that the U.S. will keep in any annexation-related event. As for possible states, I could see Sacramento and Trujillo being combined into the State of Sacramento. I also see the Yerba Buena district along with the Northern half of the Monterey district being admitted as the state of Yerba Buena. The northern half of Mojane will probably be divided between Gran Cuenca and Canon.


<FONT face="Arial Narrow"><FONT size=3>#2. San Isidro/Canon- As with modern Arizona, I see these two districts remaining sparsely populated until the proper irrigation technology is installed. As such, the U.S. could probably load this region with settlers by the time the Hispanic population would adopt the new tech, and drown out the voices of the patriotic Californians. If the U.S. does keep this region, San Isidro and Canon would%2

Thanks for your comments. I agree with you on the north of California except that Yerba Buena and Monterey probably wouldn't be annexed if California is made a rump state because Monterey is the capital of California. I'm thinking at least Cañon would be somewhat more populated by Californios and other Iberos because of immigration from Mexico, but San Isidro probably would be easily influenced by Anglos. Unless the Anglos don't spread into New Mexico Territory a lot.

 

[Venusian Si]

Thanks for your comments. I agree with you on the north of California except that Yerba Buena and Monterey probably wouldn't be annexed if California is made a rump state because Monterey is the capital of California. I'm thinking at least Cañon would be somewhat more populated by Californios and other Iberos because of immigration from Mexico, but San Isidro probably would be easily influenced by Anglos. Unless the Anglos don't spread into New Mexico Territory a lot.

Oh Frak, I just realized that the site screwed up the rest of my post when I originally commented on California. Sorry about that! Hopefully the above comments will make a little more sense with the rest.

Anyway, here's the rest of the post that covers the other regions of California.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#3. Sonora- Depending when California annexed it, I could see a rebellion happening in the district when the U.S. invades California. If Sonora does declare itself independent, I could see the U.S. making it into a puppet. I could also see the United States making it into a puppet even if it doesn’t rebel against California. In any case, I find it highly unlikely that Sonora would willingly continue to remain a part of California if part of California remains independent. Perhaps it could join the Rio Brave as its 5th state?

#4. Hawaii- I’m not sure how America’s navy would develop ITTL, but it seems odd it could conquer Hawaii if it’s in a war against Britain. Also, the Pacific branch of the navy would probably be smaller anyway do to a greater focus on the Caribbean and the lack of California. The most likely scenario is that Hawaii becomes a Californian “Taiwan,” and a British protectorate. Of course, an interesting possibility would be for Hawaii’s government to stir up trouble back on the mainland, and demand that the United States rightfully restores California’s freedom. Naturally, hilarity and Taiwan-esque hijinks ensue.

#5. Southwest California- As for myself, I would view this as all of California south of SLO’s northern border and west of Canon. This is also presumably the heart of Hispanic California. Also, this should be the region that the United States has the hardest time controlling, and the most likely to gain its independence from the US. Also, due to the difficulty controlling this region, the U.S. would probably combine its districts into one large military district for easier control.

Despite the above though, this region does have one interesting possibility. Perhaps during TTL’s version of the Civil Rights movement, the Supreme Court declares the U.S.’s annexation of California to have been illegal, and now allows the various states created from Californian territory to vote on whether if they want to leave the union to reform California. All of the other states except the Southwest California state(s) votes to remain in the union. After the referendum, California is resurrected, but now composed of only Southwest California. Also, if Hawaii were to become a Californian Taiwan, it would probably reunite with the now independent mainland as long as it stopped its anti-American rhetoric.

Now, I know the above is very ASB, but what the hell? After all, just imagine what the national and international reaction would be. You could even have some wannabe domestic terrorists view it as proof that terrorism can work, and that’s not to mention all the debates it would cause among secessionist groups in the rest of the country.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

So yeah...sorry about the deleted post.

 

[jycee]

I love how much your TL is influenced by the readers comment. It was so cool to see Jycee’s influence on Sonora, and my influence on Chickasaw.

I agree that it is one of the best qualities of TTL. But what makes it truly awesome is that even then it keeps a flavor of its own, that is truly thanks to Wilcoxchar.

France is at war with Britain, but not with Prussia.

Ok now I am freakin' exited!!!!!

I had an idea. I'll make it a poll once I get there! I'm thinking the choices should be the Northern Distrcits, the Northern Districts + overthrow gov't, the Northern Districts + San Isidro, the Northern Districts + San Isidro + overthrow gov't, or complete annexation.

A pol would be fair. And i actually kinda like the idea of "the Northern Districts + San Isidro + overthrow gov't,". It is harsh, has the largest amount of territory the US should be able to realistically get, and I am OK with a puppet/rump California (but it gets to keep Hawaii). Plus aesthetically it is just that a US that eats further into Mexico than OTL's gets a really ugly South Western border.

And while we are in the topic of California, the one population you did not mention in the post that might be important is the Navajo. In OTL they are the most populous native population in the US. A California with a smaller population only makes them a larger percentage. Plus their territory is kinda in the middle of the country. Are their lands respected? Are they more annoyed by the Iberos, the Mormons, or other Anglos moving in?

 

[wilcoxchar]

Venusian Si: I suspected the forum caused whatever happened there. On Sonora, not sure what to do with it. It could go independent after the Great War, but would the people want to go back to the chaos of how the Mexican states operated? Any US invasion of California would probably stay clear of Sonora and California did bring protection.

On Hawaii, the US navy is probably more Atlantic and Caribbean oriented, with maybe some interest in the northern Pacific depending on relations with Russia. So the US might take Hawaii purely in the interest of colonialism, but I don't think it would bring a very good strategic advantage. Hawaii acting as a Californian Taiwan would be interesting, but I don't think there's enough Californio identity for it to go over well with the natives.

On southwestern California, it probably would be the hardest part for the US to control as it, with Monterey, form the core of the Californio population and nation. The annexing being overturned by the Supreme Court would be interesting, but that could encourage other secessionist groups. Very interesting idea, but I'm not sure that's where I want to take the timeline.


jycee: The Navajo are settled in some of the lesser populated areas of the country, namely northern Cañon and San Isidro. The Navajo and Apache will have caused some problems for settlers in this area, but my current idea is that the Californian government is taking a lax approach to the region as they're mostly raiding Mormon or Anglo mining settlements on the western slope of the Rockies. Also, the Californios still remember the Pueblo Revolt and how not to deal with the desert natives. Sometimes nominal control is better than trying to exert control forcefully.

 

[wilcoxchar]

Update time!


Culture #1: The Advent of Realism and the Warring Sixties

The Warring Sixties: The 'Warring Sixties', as the decade of the 1860s has become known, was a time of a great shift in the culture of the United States. The National War brought an end to the optimistic views of Romanticism that had dominated the early nineteenth century and gave rise to the darker and more empirical artistic style of Realism. The bright colors and Classical themes that had pervaded Romanticist art and literature gave way to more utilitarian and commonplace subjects and a truer depiction of what life was like. The development of luzography also allowed for a more realistic vision of everyday life as luzographs were not affected by the artist's interpretation. The Warring Sixties had produced numerous luzographs and paintings of the ongoing wars at the time in both North America and Europe. One of the most famous military paintings during the war is Edgar Degas' "Aerial Shelling of Barcelona", depicting the French bombing of Barcelona in 1868. This was one of the first uses of aerial craft in a direct combat role and shows soldiers dropping small explosive shells from hot air balloons.

Along with painting, Realism became prominent in literature as well. The wars created many potential topics for stories of war and its aftermath, and many authors and playwrights used the realist style to depict every perspective of conflict situations. In the United States, hundred of novels were published during the decade about the National War and the events surrounding it. Two prime examples of realist war literature in the United States during the 1860s are the play "Death of a President" by actor and playwright John Wilkes Booth, and the memoirs of Samuel Clemens before he took over Cornelius Vanderbilt's steamship operations as the industrialist focused on building a railroad empire. Death of a President is a play concerning the events surrounding the death of President Houston and the leadup to the National War. Samuel Clemens' memoirs told stories of his time as the captain of the steamship Proud Mary which ran between Memphis and New Orleans during the years following the National War. Clemens' memoirs gave a jarring look at the state of the southern states after the National War as well as the recovery experienced by the states and cities along the Lower Mississippi River.

The growing popularity and publishing of literary works in the United States also led to further standardization of the English language in the country. While several languages were becoming prominent in different regions, English was pervasive throughout the United States. As more people went to school and became literate in the Untied States, it was felt that at least one language needed to be universal across the country in order to better integrate the nation. In 1886, Columbia University in New York began publication of the Columbiad dictionary, which listed and categorized every single word in use in the English language. It soon gained popularity among all regions of the country and by the twentieth century had surpassed the Webster publication as the standard for all words in use in the United States. Reasons for this include that the Columbiad was much more extensive and inclusive on loanwords from other languages used in different parts of the United States and so was more useful to a traveler or a businessman. By the mid-twentieth century, the Columbiad had become the authoritative dictionary on the English language in the United States, rivaling that of the Oxford English Dictionary and Webster's dictionary in Great Britain.

Along with the finer arts, realism also lent its name to a movement in the newly developed field of study of international relations. While the interactions and trends of various forces within and between countries had been studied before the nineteenth century by figures such as Machiavelli, the study of international relations was always in the realm of politicians and leaders, deciding on where to guide their state. In the nineteenth century, this field entered the realm of academics as universities in the major political centers of the great powers sought statesmen and diplomats after the Warring Sixties.

Realism as a school of international relations had its influences in philosophers and political theorists such as Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes, but it was German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer and English economist and political theorist John Stuart Mill who pioneered the realist theory of international relations. From their examinations of the Napoleonic Wars, the 1860s European wars, and for Mill the diplomatic maneuvering of the great powers in the 1870s and 1880s, Schopenhauer and Mill theorized the basic tenets of international realism. The first was that the state is the main actor in international politics. Their definition of 'state' comes from the Westphalian concept that each state is entitled to its own sovereignty and will strive to protect that sovereignty. The second tenet is derived from this desire to protect itself; in an anarchic international system, the state will always act in its self-interest and in a way that it perceives will best protect its sovereignty. The third tenet of international realism is that the system of state interactions is inherently anarchic, and that there is no central authority that governs the actions of states. Following from this, international realists surmise, war and conflict are constants and will always be present in politics and war will always lead to more war as states seek to build upon or regain assets from previous conflicts. This theory held true for the end of the nineteenth century through the beginning of the twentieth, when even greater communications advances and the founding of the Weltkongress started to breakdown the idea of a state-oriented system only operating on self-interest.

 

[Geekhis Khan]

ART & PHILOSOPHY!!!

Lovely deviation from the standard AH "war & politics". Love the allohistorical in-jokes. Great update all around, wilcoxchar.

 

[wilcoxchar]

ART & PHILOSOPHY!!!

Lovely deviation from the standard AH "war & politics". Love the allohistorical in-jokes. Great update all around, wilcoxchar.

Thankee, kind sir. I find it nice to sometimes explore the more subtle effects of history on an alternate society, and looking at the development of the fine arts is a great way to explore a society's culture.

 

[mtk1701]

I just got done reading this whole thing. Subscribed.

 

[wilcoxchar]

I just got done reading this whole thing. Subscribed.

Thanks! Great to have a new reader on board.

 

[wilcoxchar]

It's been about a week, so time for another update.


Part Forty-Nine: The Road to Recovery

Lingering Rebels:
Despite the end of the war and the surrender of most of the Confederate governments and armies, some pockets of resistance remained in the former Confederacy for years after the National War was over. The most ardent resistance rose up in the state of Chickasaw as previously mentioned. However, there were several other areas in the southern United States which faced organized partisans and guerrillas in the years following the National War. Most of the guerrilla activity in the latter half of the 1860s consisted of bushwhackers and was centered in the more rural parts of the former Confederacy.

The area of the southern Appalachians northeast of Birmingham, Alabama faced a number of attacks and violent occurrences after the National War after a small remnant of the Confederate army refused to surrender and managed to hole up in the hills. After the spirited defense by "Last Chance" Jackson in Montgomery, several soldiers in the Army of Mississippi refused to surrender to the Union and fled northward across Alabama. Settling in the hills near Birmingham, this rebel group went on a crime spree in Birmingham and the surrounding area for three years. Periodic attacks continued until 1870 when the last of the rebels led by former Confederate Brigadier General Herbert Fletcher[1] was found and rounded up by the Alabama military district.

Further remnants of the rebellion fled to the loosely settled marshes and forests of southern Florida. These bushwhacker forces were smaller and did not last as long in the dense tropical region of the Ever Glades[2]. Some small towns were founded on the coasts, but the majority of the former Confederates were killed fighting with the Seminole people who still inhabited southern Florida at the time. While the Confederate rebels managed to annoy the forts on the Florida Keys and pull off a minor shooting spree in Tampa, they mostly petered out by the middle of 1867.

While some of the most intense fighting between the army and guerrillas was in northeastern Alabama, the most notorious and longest lasting outlaws that emerged from Confederate rebels in the Ozark Mountains in southern Missouri. While the actual rebel force broke up in 1869, brothers Frank and Jesse James formed a gang and for the next eight years, terrorized the Great Plains and even sometimes crossed over into eastern California when pulling off their crimes. The James gang robbed trains and banks and kidnapped people all along the Rockies and even hired themselves out at mercenaries to the Mormons in Espejo during their war with California. Eventually after Frank James was killed in a shootout in Coffeyville, Pembina in 1885, his younger brother Jesse decided to end the gang and fled northward across the border where he was given protection by Great Britain. A few of the other members traveled with Jesse, but the others were arrested in the following months.


Election of 1868:
In the first election after the National War, the top issue was getting the southern states integrated into the Union once again. The Republicans kept Fremont and Wilmot as their candidates in the election and ran on a platform of both admitting the southern states as soon as possible while still promoting radical policies including giving constitutional rights to all blacks. The Democratic Party struggled to find a suitable candidate as Andrew Johnson declined to run for the presidency. The Democrats seemed more sympathetic to the southern states and wanted to readmit the states even if it meant sacrificing some of the freedoms that would be granted to the freed slaves. After a bitter convention in Saint Louis, the Democrats chose John Henninger Reagan of Houston[3] for president and Maryland governor William Pinkney Whyte for vice president.

In foreign policy, the wars in Europe was also a looming issue as the wars had been raging for two years. Like Russia and the Ottoman Empire, both parties in the United States advocated staying neutral in both conflicts as the Union clearly needed time to recover its economic and military situation before embarking on any foreign exploits. However, this did not stop the two parties from presenting different platforms. Reagan and the Democrats desired absolutely no part of the wars, while the Republicans wanted to provide some assistance to the French, primarily out of hatred for the British. This had a mixed reaction in the Ibero-dominated states in Cuba, Jackson, and Tejas as France was also at war with Spain. In the end, however, the Republicans won a large victory over the Democrats, continuing the Republican dominance of United States politics that would last the remainder of the century.

Fremont/Wilmot: 228
Reagan/Whyte: 48


[1] Another fictional person.
[2] The Everglades was two words for a lot of the 19th century as it was a corruption of the original 'River Glades'. ITTL it never gets condensed.
[3] A fine Texas Democrat who served as Postmaster General for the Confederacy. No relation to Ronald Reagan that I could find.

 

[wilcoxchar]

And here's the election map with updated electoral vote count for the 1860s census.

 

[GreatScottMarty]

Great update, it seems as though reconstruction is moving along rather violently. Any chance of KKK type movement arising? Also I see hit on the James Gang but how about that other famous scout, Buffalo Bill? Or the Earps?

 

[Aero]

Great update.

I'm curious to ask to what is that small state (WI) that was former northern Virginia?

 

[jycee]

Nice update, I like how much more resistance there seems to when compared to OTL italways baffled me how after 5 yrs of fighting there was very little resistance. It also shows how much more disorganized this war was from the Confederacy's side.

Really looking foward to that Second Napoleonic War.

Any particular reason on why Andrew Johnson decided not to run? I would have thought he'd be an exelent candidate because of how he managed the war. Although I still expected Fremont to win.
Any chance for Lee running later on? I know the possibility was discussed earlier.

 

[wilcoxchar]

Great update, it seems as though reconstruction is moving along rather violently. Any chance of KKK type movement arising? Also I see hit on the James Gang but how about that other famous scout, Buffalo Bill? Or the Earps?

Not sure about a KKK-esque organization forming, but maybe. On Buffalo Bill, he's probably a miner or trapper in Colorado, northern California, or one of the northwestern territories. If he didn't die in Calhoun or the National War, that is. The Earps, not sure about, but I'm kinda leaning toward making Wyatt a Supreme Court justice one day.

Great update.

I'm curious to ask to what is that small state (WI) that was former northern Virginia?

That is the state of Winfield, created after the National War as a punishment for Virginia and named after Winfield Scott.

Nice update, I like how much more resistance there seems to when compared to OTL italways baffled me how after 5 yrs of fighting there was very little resistance. It also shows how much more disorganized this war was from the Confederacy's side.

Really looking foward to that Second Napoleonic War.

Any particular reason on why Andrew Johnson decided not to run? I would have thought he'd be an exelent candidate because of how he managed the war. Although I still expected Fremont to win.
Any chance for Lee running later on? I know the possibility was discussed earlier.

Johnson declined because he's getting on in years (he'd be 60 by the time of the election) and because he doubted the Democrats could win the election even with him on the ballot. Lee is also probably too old as well by now to run, but he'll be sitting in Congress for Winfield.