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Japan and England did start at somewhat similar manner. Both were large island groups of similar size separated from well-civilized mainland by narrow straits. Both were conquered several times by waves of migrants bringing new tech and social rules. Both have consolidated as single state in 6th-7th century. Both have eventually (by 19th century) developed population densities far exceeding that of nearby mainland. The details were different though, ultimately resulting in England being for the centuries the world most influential state while Japan never rose past "regional power" status. The discrepancy was noticeable even before Japan and England come to the first contact in 16th century.
What was the most basic reasons for such discrepancy?