Mediterranean and Southwest Asian world for as long as the Ottomans.
The Ottomans had a long run. Conservatively speaking, they were unipolar leader of western Islam from 1420 through 1820 or so, with substantial influence before and after.
The Ummayads only had such a wide spead of authority for under a century until their realm was truncated to just Spain.
The Abbasids only had it for a little under 200 years until their realm was truncated to intermittent control of a demesne in Iraq for a few additional centuries.
The Fatimids were a major regional Islamic power, but with the centrality of their predecessors, and only existed for 250 or so years.
The Saljuqs at their height had rule over most of Islamic southwest and central Asia, but they were unified for less than a century.
What would it take for the Ummayads, Abbasids, Fatimids or Saljuqs to have a 400 year run at the top of the heap like the Ottomans?